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std::fill

Defined in header <algorithm>
(1)
template< class ForwardIt, class T >
void fill( ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last, const T& value );
(until C++20)
template< class ForwardIt, class T >
constexpr void fill( ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last, const T& value );
(since C++20)
template< class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIt, class T >
void fill( ExecutionPolicy&& policy,
           ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last, const T& value );
(2) (since C++17)
1) Assigns the given value to the elements in the range [firstlast).
2) Same as (1), but executed according to policy. This overload does not participate in overload resolution unless

std::is_execution_policy_v<std::decay_t<ExecutionPolicy>> is true.

(until C++20)

std::is_execution_policy_v<std::remove_cvref_t<ExecutionPolicy>> is true.

(since C++20)

Parameters

first, last - the range of elements to modify
value - the value to be assigned
policy - the execution policy to use. See execution policy for details.
Type requirements
-ForwardIt must meet the requirements of LegacyForwardIterator.
-value must be writable to first.

Return value

(none).

Complexity

Exactly std::distance(first, last) assignments.

Exceptions

The overload with a template parameter named ExecutionPolicy reports errors as follows:

  • If execution of a function invoked as part of the algorithm throws an exception and ExecutionPolicy is one of the standard policies, std::terminate is called. For any other ExecutionPolicy, the behavior is implementation-defined.
  • If the algorithm fails to allocate memory, std::bad_alloc is thrown.

Possible implementation

template<class ForwardIt, class T>
void fill(ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last, const T& value)
{
    for (; first != last; ++first)
        *first = value;
}

Example

The following code uses fill() to set all of the elements of a std::vector<int> to -1:

#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
 
int main()
{
    std::vector<int> v {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9};
 
    std::fill(v.begin(), v.end(), -1);
 
    for (auto elem : v)
        std::cout << elem << ' ';
    std::cout << '\n';
}

Output:

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

Defect reports

The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroactively to previously published C++ standards.

DR Applied to Behavior as published Correct behavior
LWG 283 C++98 T was required to be CopyAssignable, but
T is not always writable to ForwardIt
required to be writable instead

See also

copy-assigns the given value to N elements in a range
(function template)
(C++11)
copies a range of elements to a new location
(function template)
assigns the results of successive function calls to every element in a range
(function template)
applies a function to a range of elements, storing results in a destination range
(function template)
(C++20)
assigns a range of elements a certain value
(niebloid)

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