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std::rbegin, std::crbegin

Defined in header <array>
Defined in header <deque>
Defined in header <forward_list>
Defined in header <iterator>
Defined in header <list>
Defined in header <map>
Defined in header <regex>
Defined in header <set>
Defined in header <span> (since C++20)
Defined in header <string>
Defined in header <string_view> (since C++17)
Defined in header <unordered_map>
Defined in header <unordered_set>
Defined in header <vector>
(1)
template< class C > 
auto rbegin( C& c ) -> decltype(c.rbegin());
(since C++14)
(until C++17)
template< class C > 
constexpr auto rbegin( C& c ) -> decltype(c.rbegin());
(since C++17)
(1)
template< class C > 
auto rbegin( const C& c ) -> decltype(c.rbegin());
(since C++14)
(until C++17)
template< class C > 
constexpr auto rbegin( const C& c ) -> decltype(c.rbegin());
(since C++17)
(2)
template< class T, std::size_t N > 
std::reverse_iterator<T*> rbegin( T (&array)[N] );
(since C++14)
(until C++17)
template< class T, std::size_t N > 
constexpr std::reverse_iterator<T*> rbegin( T (&array)[N] );
(since C++17)
(3)
template< class T > 
std::reverse_iterator<const T*> rbegin( std::initializer_list<T> il );
(since C++14)
(until C++17)
template< class T > 
constexpr std::reverse_iterator<const T*> rbegin(std::initializer_list<T> il);
(since C++17)
(4)
template< class C > 
auto crbegin( const C& c ) -> decltype(std::rbegin(c));
(since C++14)
(until C++17)
template< class C > 
constexpr auto crbegin( const C& c ) -> decltype(std::rbegin(c));
(since C++17)

Returns an iterator to the reverse-beginning of the given range.

1) Returns an iterator to the reverse-beginning of the possibly const-qualified container or view c.
2) Returns std::reverse_iterator<T*> to the reverse-beginning of the array array.
3) Returns std::reverse_iterator<const T*> to the reverse-beginning of the std::initializer_list il.
4) Returns an iterator to the reverse-beginning of the const-qualified container or view c.

range-rbegin-rend.svg

Parameters

c - a container or view with a rbegin member function
array - an array of arbitrary type
il - an initializer_list

Return value

1) c.rbegin()
2) std::reverse_iterator<T*>(array + N)
3) std::reverse_iterator<const T*>(il.end())
4) c.rbegin()

Exceptions

May throw implementation-defined exceptions.

Overloads

Custom overloads of rbegin may be provided for classes and enumerations that do not expose a suitable rbegin() member function, yet can be iterated.

Overloads of rbegin found by argument-dependent lookup can be used to customize the behavior of std::ranges::rbegin and std::ranges::crbegin.

(since C++20)

Notes

The overload for std::initializer_list is necessary because it does not have a member function rbegin.

Example

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <iterator>
 
int main() 
{
    std::vector<int> v = { 3, 1, 4 };
    auto vi = std::rbegin(v); // the type of `vi` is std::vector<int>::reverse_iterator
    std::cout << "*vi = " << *vi << '\n';
 
    *std::rbegin(v) = 42; // OK: after assignment v[2] == 42
//  *std::crbegin(v) = 13; // error: the location is read-only
 
    int a[] = { -5, 10, 15 };
    auto ai = std::rbegin(a); // the type of `ai` is std::reverse_iterator<int*>
    std::cout << "*ai = " << *ai << '\n';
 
    auto il = { 3, 1, 4 };
    // the type of `it` below is std::reverse_iterator<int const*>:
    for (auto it = std::rbegin(il); it != std::rend(il); ++it)
        std::cout << *it << ' '; 
}

Output:

*vi = 4
*ai = 15
4 1 3

See also

(C++11)(C++14)
returns an iterator to the beginning of a container or array
(function template)
(C++11)(C++14)
returns an iterator to the end of a container or array
(function template)
(C++14)
returns a reverse end iterator for a container or array
(function template)
(C++20)
returns a reverse iterator to a range
(customization point object)
(C++20)
returns a reverse iterator to a read-only range
(customization point object)

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