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/CakePHP 4.1

Class BufferedIterator

Creates an iterator from another iterator that will keep the results of the inner iterator in memory, so that results don't have to be re-calculated.

Properties summary

  • $_buffer protected
    \SplDoublyLinkedList

    The in-memory cache containing results from previous iterators

  • $_current protected
    mixed

    Last record fetched from the inner iterator

  • $_finished protected
    bool

    Whether or not the internal iterator has reached its end.

  • $_index protected
    int

    Points to the next record number that should be fetched

  • $_key protected
    mixed

    Last key obtained from the inner iterator

  • $_started protected
    bool

    Whether or not the internal iterator's rewind method was already called

Method Summary

  • __construct() public

    Maintains an in-memory cache of the results yielded by the internal iterator.

  • __debugInfo() public

    Returns an array that can be used to describe the internal state of this object.

  • _createMatcherFilter() protected

    Returns a callable that receives a value and will return whether or not it matches certain condition.

  • _extract() protected

    Returns a column from $data that can be extracted by iterating over the column names contained in $path.

  • _propertyExtractor() protected

    Returns a callable that can be used to extract a property or column from an array or object based on a dot separated path.

  • _simpleExtract() protected

    Returns a column from $data that can be extracted by iterating over the column names contained in $path

  • append() public

    Returns a new collection as the result of concatenating the list of elements in this collection with the passed list of elements

  • appendItem() public

    Append a single item creating a new collection.

  • avg() public

    Returns the average of all the values extracted with $path or of this collection.

  • buffered() public

    Returns a new collection where the operations performed by this collection.

  • cartesianProduct() public

    Create a new collection that is the cartesian product of the current collection

  • chunk() public

    Breaks the collection into smaller arrays of the given size.

  • chunkWithKeys() public

    Breaks the collection into smaller arrays of the given size.

  • combine() public

    Returns a new collection where the values extracted based on a value path and then indexed by a key path. Optionally this method can produce parent groups based on a group property path.

  • compile() public

    Iterates once all elements in this collection and executes all stacked operations of them, finally it returns a new collection with the result.

  • contains() public

    Returns true if $value is present in this collection. Comparisons are made both by value and type.

  • count() public

    Returns the number or items in this collection

  • countBy() public

    Sorts a list into groups and returns a count for the number of elements in each group. Similar to groupBy, but instead of returning a list of values, returns a count for the number of values in that group.

  • countKeys() public

    Returns the number of unique keys in this iterator. This is the same as the number of elements the collection will contain after calling toArray()

  • current() public

    Returns the current record in the iterator

  • each() public

    Applies a callback to the elements in this collection.

  • every() public

    Returns true if all values in this collection pass the truth test provided in the callback.

  • extract() public

    Returns a new collection containing the column or property value found in each of the elements.

  • filter() public

    Looks through each value in the collection, and returns another collection with all the values that pass a truth test. Only the values for which the callback returns true will be present in the resulting collection.

  • first() public

    Returns the first result in this collection

  • firstMatch() public

    Returns the first result matching all of the key-value pairs listed in conditions.

  • groupBy() public

    Splits a collection into sets, grouped by the result of running each value through the callback. If $callback is a string instead of a callable, groups by the property named by $callback on each of the values.

  • indexBy() public

    Given a list and a callback function that returns a key for each element in the list (or a property name), returns an object with an index of each item.

  • insert() public

    Returns a new collection containing each of the elements found in $values as a property inside the corresponding elements in this collection. The property where the values will be inserted is described by the $path parameter.

  • isEmpty() public

    Returns whether or not there are elements in this collection

  • jsonSerialize() public

    Returns the data that can be converted to JSON. This returns the same data as toArray() which contains only unique keys.

  • key() public

    Returns the current key in the iterator

  • last() public

    Returns the last result in this collection

  • lazy() public

    Returns a new collection where any operations chained after it are guaranteed to be run lazily. That is, elements will be yieleded one at a time.

  • listNested() public

    Returns a new collection with each of the elements of this collection after flattening the tree structure. The tree structure is defined by nesting elements under a key with a known name. It is possible to specify such name by using the '$nestingKey' parameter.

  • map() public

    Returns another collection after modifying each of the values in this one using the provided callable.

  • match() public

    Looks through each value in the list, returning a Collection of all the values that contain all of the key-value pairs listed in $conditions.

  • max() public

    Returns the top element in this collection after being sorted by a property.

  • median() public

    Returns the median of all the values extracted with $path or of this collection.

  • min() public

    Returns the bottom element in this collection after being sorted by a property.

  • nest() public

    Returns a new collection where the values are nested in a tree-like structure based on an id property path and a parent id property path.

  • newCollection() protected

    Returns a new collection.

  • next() public

    Advances the iterator pointer to the next element

  • optimizeUnwrap() protected

    Unwraps this iterator and returns the simplest traversable that can be used for getting the data out

  • prepend() public

    Prepend a set of items to a collection creating a new collection

  • prependItem() public

    Prepend a single item creating a new collection.

  • reduce() public

    Folds the values in this collection to a single value, as the result of applying the callback function to all elements. $zero is the initial state of the reduction, and each successive step of it should be returned by the callback function.

  • reject() public

    Looks through each value in the collection, and returns another collection with all the values that do not pass a truth test. This is the opposite of filter.

  • rewind() public

    Rewinds the collection

  • sample() public

    Returns a new collection with maximum $size random elements from this collection

  • serialize() public

    Returns a string representation of this object that can be used to reconstruct it

  • shuffle() public

    Returns a new collection with the elements placed in a random order, this function does not preserve the original keys in the collection.

  • skip() public

    Returns a new collection that will skip the specified amount of elements at the beginning of the iteration.

  • some() public

    Returns true if any of the values in this collection pass the truth test provided in the callback.

  • sortBy() public

    Returns a sorted iterator out of the elements in this collection, ranked in ascending order by the results of running each value through a callback. $callback can also be a string representing the column or property name.

  • stopWhen() public

    Creates a new collection that when iterated will stop yielding results if the provided condition evaluates to true.

  • sumOf() public

    Returns the total sum of all the values extracted with $matcher or of this collection.

  • take() public

    Returns a new collection with maximum $size elements in the internal order this collection was created. If a second parameter is passed, it will determine from what position to start taking elements.

  • takeLast() public

    Returns the last N elements of a collection

  • through() public

    Passes this collection through a callable as its first argument.

  • toArray() public

    Returns an array representation of the results

  • toList() public

    Returns an numerically-indexed array representation of the results.

  • transpose() public

    Transpose rows and columns into columns and rows

  • unfold() public

    Creates a new collection where the items are the concatenation of the lists of items generated by the transformer function applied to each item in the original collection.

  • unserialize() public

    Unserializes the passed string and rebuilds the BufferedIterator instance

  • unwrap() public

    Returns the closest nested iterator that can be safely traversed without losing any possible transformations. This is used mainly to remove empty IteratorIterator wrappers that can only slowdown the iteration process.

  • valid() public

    Returns whether or not the iterator has more elements

  • zip() public

    Combines the elements of this collection with each of the elements of the passed iterables, using their positional index as a reference.

  • zipWith() public

    Combines the elements of this collection with each of the elements of the passed iterables, using their positional index as a reference.

Method Detail

__construct() public

__construct(iterable $items)

Maintains an in-memory cache of the results yielded by the internal iterator.

Parameters

iterable $items

The items to be filtered.

__debugInfo() public

__debugInfo()

Returns an array that can be used to describe the internal state of this object.

Returns

array

_createMatcherFilter() protected

_createMatcherFilter(array $conditions)

Returns a callable that receives a value and will return whether or not it matches certain condition.

Parameters

array $conditions

A key-value list of conditions to match where the key is the property path to get from the current item and the value is the value to be compared the item with.

Returns

\Closure

_extract() protected

_extract(mixed $data, array $path)

Returns a column from $data that can be extracted by iterating over the column names contained in $path.

It will return arrays for elements in represented with {*}

Parameters

array|\ArrayAccess $data

Data.

string[] $path

Path to extract from.

Returns

mixed

_propertyExtractor() protected

_propertyExtractor(mixed $callback)

Returns a callable that can be used to extract a property or column from an array or object based on a dot separated path.

Parameters

string|callable $callback

A dot separated path of column to follow so that the final one can be returned or a callable that will take care of doing that.

Returns

callable

_simpleExtract() protected

_simpleExtract(mixed $data, array $path)

Returns a column from $data that can be extracted by iterating over the column names contained in $path

Parameters

array|\ArrayAccess $data

Data.

string[] $path

Path to extract from.

Returns

mixed

append() public

append(mixed $items)

Returns a new collection as the result of concatenating the list of elements in this collection with the passed list of elements

Parameters

iterable $items

Items list.

Returns

self

appendItem() public

appendItem(mixed $item, mixed $key)

Append a single item creating a new collection.

Parameters

mixed $item

The item to append.

mixed $key optional

The key to append the item with. If null a key will be generated.

Returns

self

avg() public

avg(mixed $path)

Returns the average of all the values extracted with $path or of this collection.

Example:

$items = [
 ['invoice' => ['total' => 100]],
 ['invoice' => ['total' => 200]]
];

$total = (new Collection($items))->avg('invoice.total');

// Total: 150

$total = (new Collection([1, 2, 3]))->avg();
// Total: 2

Parameters

string|callable|null $path optional

The property name to sum or a function If no value is passed, an identity function will be used. that will return the value of the property to sum.

Returns

float|int|null

buffered() public

buffered()

Returns a new collection where the operations performed by this collection.

No matter how many times the new collection is iterated, those operations will only be performed once.

This can also be used to make any non-rewindable iterator rewindable.

Returns

self

cartesianProduct() public

cartesianProduct(?callable $operation, ?callable $filter)

Create a new collection that is the cartesian product of the current collection

In order to create a carteisan product a collection must contain a single dimension of data.

Example

$collection = new Collection([['A', 'B', 'C'], [1, 2, 3]]);
$result = $collection->cartesianProduct()->toArray();
$expected = [
    ['A', 1],
    ['A', 2],
    ['A', 3],
    ['B', 1],
    ['B', 2],
    ['B', 3],
    ['C', 1],
    ['C', 2],
    ['C', 3],
];

Parameters

callable|null $operation optional

A callable that allows you to customize the product result.

callable|null $filter optional

A filtering callback that must return true for a result to be part of the final results.

Returns

\Cake\Collection\CollectionInterface

Throws

LogicException

chunk() public

chunk(int $chunkSize)

Breaks the collection into smaller arrays of the given size.

Example:

$items [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11];
$chunked = (new Collection($items))->chunk(3)->toList();
// Returns [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9], [10, 11]]

Parameters

int $chunkSize

The maximum size for each chunk

Returns

self

chunkWithKeys() public

chunkWithKeys(int $chunkSize, bool $preserveKeys)

Breaks the collection into smaller arrays of the given size.

Example:

$items ['a' => 1, 'b' => 2, 'c' => 3, 'd' => 4, 'e' => 5, 'f' => 6];
$chunked = (new Collection($items))->chunkWithKeys(3)->toList();
// Returns [['a' => 1, 'b' => 2, 'c' => 3], ['d' => 4, 'e' => 5, 'f' => 6]]

Parameters

int $chunkSize

The maximum size for each chunk

bool $preserveKeys optional

If the keys of the array should be preserved

Returns

self

combine() public

combine(mixed $keyPath, mixed $valuePath, mixed $groupPath)

Returns a new collection where the values extracted based on a value path and then indexed by a key path. Optionally this method can produce parent groups based on a group property path.

Examples:

$items = [
 ['id' => 1, 'name' => 'foo', 'parent' => 'a'],
 ['id' => 2, 'name' => 'bar', 'parent' => 'b'],
 ['id' => 3, 'name' => 'baz', 'parent' => 'a'],
];

$combined = (new Collection($items))->combine('id', 'name');

// Result will look like this when converted to array
[
 1 => 'foo',
 2 => 'bar',
 3 => 'baz',
];

$combined = (new Collection($items))->combine('id', 'name', 'parent');

// Result will look like this when converted to array
[
 'a' => [1 => 'foo', 3 => 'baz'],
 'b' => [2 => 'bar']
];

Parameters

callable|string $keyPath

the column name path to use for indexing or a function returning the indexing key out of the provided element

callable|string $valuePath

the column name path to use as the array value or a function returning the value out of the provided element

callable|string|null $groupPath optional

the column name path to use as the parent grouping key or a function returning the key out of the provided element

Returns

self

compile() public

compile(bool $preserveKeys)

Iterates once all elements in this collection and executes all stacked operations of them, finally it returns a new collection with the result.

This is useful for converting non-rewindable internal iterators into a collection that can be rewound and used multiple times.

A common use case is to re-use the same variable for calculating different data. In those cases it may be helpful and more performant to first compile a collection and then apply more operations to it.

Example:

$collection->map($mapper)->sortBy('age')->extract('name');
$compiled = $collection->compile();
$isJohnHere = $compiled->some($johnMatcher);
$allButJohn = $compiled->filter($johnMatcher);

In the above example, had the collection not been compiled before, the iterations for map, sortBy and extract would've been executed twice: once for getting $isJohnHere and once for $allButJohn

You can think of this method as a way to create save points for complex calculations in a collection.

Parameters

bool $preserveKeys optional

whether to use the keys returned by this collection as the array keys. Keep in mind that it is valid for iterators to return the same key for different elements, setting this value to false can help getting all items if keys are not important in the result.

Returns

self

contains() public

contains(mixed $value)

Returns true if $value is present in this collection. Comparisons are made both by value and type.

Parameters

mixed $value

The value to check for

Returns

bool

true if $value is present in this collection

count() public

count()

Returns the number or items in this collection

Returns

int

countBy() public

countBy(mixed $callback)

Sorts a list into groups and returns a count for the number of elements in each group. Similar to groupBy, but instead of returning a list of values, returns a count for the number of values in that group.

When $callback is a string it should be a property name to extract or a dot separated path of properties that should be followed to get the last one in the path.

Example:

$items = [
 ['id' => 1, 'name' => 'foo', 'parent_id' => 10],
 ['id' => 2, 'name' => 'bar', 'parent_id' => 11],
 ['id' => 3, 'name' => 'baz', 'parent_id' => 10],
];

$group = (new Collection($items))->countBy('parent_id');

// Or
$group = (new Collection($items))->countBy(function ($e) {
 return $e['parent_id'];
});

// Result will look like this when converted to array
[
 10 => 2,
 11 => 1
];

Parameters

callable|string $callback

the callback or column name to use for indexing or a function returning the indexing key out of the provided element

Returns

self

countKeys() public

countKeys()

Returns the number of unique keys in this iterator. This is the same as the number of elements the collection will contain after calling toArray()

This method comes with a number of caveats. Please refer to CollectionInterface::count() for details.

Returns

int

See Also

\Cake\Collection\CollectionInterface::count()

current() public

current()

Returns the current record in the iterator

Returns

mixed

each() public

each(callable $callback)

Applies a callback to the elements in this collection.

Example:

$collection = (new Collection($items))->each(function ($value, $key) {
 echo "Element $key: $value";
});

Parameters

callable $callback

Callback to run for each element in collection.

Returns

$this

every() public

every(callable $callback)

Returns true if all values in this collection pass the truth test provided in the callback.

Each time the callback is executed it will receive the value of the element in the current iteration and the key of the element as arguments, in that order.

Example:

$overTwentyOne = (new Collection([24, 45, 60, 15]))->every(function ($value, $key) {
 return $value > 21;
});

Empty collections always return true because it is a vacuous truth.

Parameters

callable $callback

a callback function

Returns

bool

true if for all elements in this collection the provided callback returns true, false otherwise.

extract() public

extract(mixed $path)

Returns a new collection containing the column or property value found in each of the elements.

The matcher can be a string with a property name to extract or a dot separated path of properties that should be followed to get the last one in the path.

If a column or property could not be found for a particular element in the collection, that position is filled with null.

Example:

Extract the user name for all comments in the array:

$items = [
 ['comment' => ['body' => 'cool', 'user' => ['name' => 'Mark']],
 ['comment' => ['body' => 'very cool', 'user' => ['name' => 'Renan']]
];
$extracted = (new Collection($items))->extract('comment.user.name');

// Result will look like this when converted to array
['Mark', 'Renan']

It is also possible to extract a flattened collection out of nested properties

$items = [
     ['comment' => ['votes' => [['value' => 1], ['value' => 2], ['value' => 3]]],
     ['comment' => ['votes' => [['value' => 4]]
];
$extracted = (new Collection($items))->extract('comment.votes.{*}.value');

// Result will contain
[1, 2, 3, 4]

Parameters

string|callable $path

A dot separated path of column to follow so that the final one can be returned or a callable that will take care of doing that.

Returns

self

filter() public

filter(?callable $callback)

Looks through each value in the collection, and returns another collection with all the values that pass a truth test. Only the values for which the callback returns true will be present in the resulting collection.

Each time the callback is executed it will receive the value of the element in the current iteration, the key of the element and this collection as arguments, in that order.

Example:

Filtering odd numbers in an array, at the end only the value 2 will be present in the resulting collection:

$collection = (new Collection([1, 2, 3]))->filter(function ($value, $key) {
 return $value % 2 === 0;
});

Parameters

callable|null $callback optional

the method that will receive each of the elements and returns true whether or not they should be in the resulting collection. If left null, a callback that filters out falsey values will be used.

Returns

self

first() public

first()

Returns the first result in this collection

Returns

mixed

The first value in the collection will be returned.

firstMatch() public

firstMatch(array $conditions)

Returns the first result matching all of the key-value pairs listed in conditions.

Parameters

array $conditions

a key-value list of conditions where the key is a property path as accepted by Collection::extract, and the value the condition against with each element will be matched

Returns

mixed

See Also

\Cake\Collection\CollectionInterface::match()

groupBy() public

groupBy(mixed $callback)

Splits a collection into sets, grouped by the result of running each value through the callback. If $callback is a string instead of a callable, groups by the property named by $callback on each of the values.

When $callback is a string it should be a property name to extract or a dot separated path of properties that should be followed to get the last one in the path.

Example:

$items = [
 ['id' => 1, 'name' => 'foo', 'parent_id' => 10],
 ['id' => 2, 'name' => 'bar', 'parent_id' => 11],
 ['id' => 3, 'name' => 'baz', 'parent_id' => 10],
];

$group = (new Collection($items))->groupBy('parent_id');

// Or
$group = (new Collection($items))->groupBy(function ($e) {
 return $e['parent_id'];
});

// Result will look like this when converted to array
[
 10 => [
     ['id' => 1, 'name' => 'foo', 'parent_id' => 10],
     ['id' => 3, 'name' => 'baz', 'parent_id' => 10],
 ],
 11 => [
     ['id' => 2, 'name' => 'bar', 'parent_id' => 11],
 ]
];

Parameters

callable|string $callback

the callback or column name to use for grouping or a function returning the grouping key out of the provided element

Returns

self

indexBy() public

indexBy(mixed $callback)

Given a list and a callback function that returns a key for each element in the list (or a property name), returns an object with an index of each item.

Just like groupBy, but for when you know your keys are unique.

When $callback is a string it should be a property name to extract or a dot separated path of properties that should be followed to get the last one in the path.

Example:

$items = [
 ['id' => 1, 'name' => 'foo'],
 ['id' => 2, 'name' => 'bar'],
 ['id' => 3, 'name' => 'baz'],
];

$indexed = (new Collection($items))->indexBy('id');

// Or
$indexed = (new Collection($items))->indexBy(function ($e) {
 return $e['id'];
});

// Result will look like this when converted to array
[
 1 => ['id' => 1, 'name' => 'foo'],
 3 => ['id' => 3, 'name' => 'baz'],
 2 => ['id' => 2, 'name' => 'bar'],
];

Parameters

callable|string $callback

the callback or column name to use for indexing or a function returning the indexing key out of the provided element

Returns

self

insert() public

insert(string $path, mixed $values)

Returns a new collection containing each of the elements found in $values as a property inside the corresponding elements in this collection. The property where the values will be inserted is described by the $path parameter.

The $path can be a string with a property name or a dot separated path of properties that should be followed to get the last one in the path.

If a column or property could not be found for a particular element in the collection as part of the path, the element will be kept unchanged.

Example:

Insert ages into a collection containing users:

$items = [
 ['comment' => ['body' => 'cool', 'user' => ['name' => 'Mark']],
 ['comment' => ['body' => 'awesome', 'user' => ['name' => 'Renan']]
];
$ages = [25, 28];
$inserted = (new Collection($items))->insert('comment.user.age', $ages);

// Result will look like this when converted to array
[
 ['comment' => ['body' => 'cool', 'user' => ['name' => 'Mark', 'age' => 25]],
 ['comment' => ['body' => 'awesome', 'user' => ['name' => 'Renan', 'age' => 28]]
];

Parameters

string $path

a dot separated string symbolizing the path to follow inside the hierarchy of each value so that the value can be inserted

mixed $values

The values to be inserted at the specified path, values are matched with the elements in this collection by its positional index.

Returns

self

isEmpty() public

isEmpty()

Returns whether or not there are elements in this collection

Example:

$items [1, 2, 3];
(new Collection($items))->isEmpty(); // false
(new Collection([]))->isEmpty(); // true

Returns

bool

jsonSerialize() public

jsonSerialize()

Returns the data that can be converted to JSON. This returns the same data as toArray() which contains only unique keys.

Part of JsonSerializable interface.

Returns

array

The data to convert to JSON

key() public

key()

Returns the current key in the iterator

Returns

mixed

last() public

last()

Returns the last result in this collection

Returns

mixed

The last value in the collection will be returned.

lazy() public

lazy()

Returns a new collection where any operations chained after it are guaranteed to be run lazily. That is, elements will be yieleded one at a time.

A lazy collection can only be iterated once. A second attempt results in an error.

Returns

self

listNested() public

listNested(mixed $order, mixed $nestingKey)

Returns a new collection with each of the elements of this collection after flattening the tree structure. The tree structure is defined by nesting elements under a key with a known name. It is possible to specify such name by using the '$nestingKey' parameter.

By default all elements in the tree following a Depth First Search will be returned, that is, elements from the top parent to the leaves for each branch.

It is possible to return all elements from bottom to top using a Breadth First Search approach by passing the '$dir' parameter with 'asc'. That is, it will return all elements for the same tree depth first and from bottom to top.

Finally, you can specify to only get a collection with the leaf nodes in the tree structure. You do so by passing 'leaves' in the first argument.

The possible values for the first argument are aliases for the following constants and it is valid to pass those instead of the alias:

  • desc: RecursiveIteratorIterator::SELF_FIRST
  • asc: RecursiveIteratorIterator::CHILD_FIRST
  • leaves: RecursiveIteratorIterator::LEAVES_ONLY

Example:

$collection = new Collection([
 ['id' => 1, 'children' => [['id' => 2, 'children' => [['id' => 3]]]]],
 ['id' => 4, 'children' => [['id' => 5]]]
]);
$flattenedIds = $collection->listNested()->extract('id'); // Yields [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

Parameters

string|int $order optional

The order in which to return the elements

string|callable $nestingKey optional

The key name under which children are nested or a callable function that will return the children list

Returns

self

map() public

map(callable $callback)

Returns another collection after modifying each of the values in this one using the provided callable.

Each time the callback is executed it will receive the value of the element in the current iteration, the key of the element and this collection as arguments, in that order.

Example:

Getting a collection of booleans where true indicates if a person is female:

$collection = (new Collection($people))->map(function ($person, $key) {
 return $person->gender === 'female';
});

Parameters

callable $callback

the method that will receive each of the elements and returns the new value for the key that is being iterated

Returns

self

match() public

match(array $conditions)

Looks through each value in the list, returning a Collection of all the values that contain all of the key-value pairs listed in $conditions.

Example:

$items = [
 ['comment' => ['body' => 'cool', 'user' => ['name' => 'Mark']],
 ['comment' => ['body' => 'very cool', 'user' => ['name' => 'Renan']]
];

$extracted = (new Collection($items))->match(['user.name' => 'Renan']);

// Result will look like this when converted to array
[
 ['comment' => ['body' => 'very cool', 'user' => ['name' => 'Renan']]
]

Parameters

array $conditions

a key-value list of conditions where the key is a property path as accepted by `Collection::extract, and the value the condition against with each element will be matched

Returns

self

max() public

max(mixed $callback, int $sort)

Returns the top element in this collection after being sorted by a property.

Check the sortBy method for information on the callback and $sort parameters

Examples:

// For a collection of employees
$max = $collection->max('age');
$max = $collection->max('user.salary');
$max = $collection->max(function ($e) {
 return $e->get('user')->get('salary');
});

// Display employee name
echo $max->name;

Parameters

callable|string $callback

the callback or column name to use for sorting

int $sort optional

The sort type, one of SORT_STRING SORT_NUMERIC or SORT_NATURAL

Returns

mixed

The value of the top element in the collection

See Also

\Cake\Collection\CollectionInterface::sortBy()

median() public

median(mixed $path)

Returns the median of all the values extracted with $path or of this collection.

Example:

$items = [
 ['invoice' => ['total' => 400]],
 ['invoice' => ['total' => 500]]
 ['invoice' => ['total' => 100]]
 ['invoice' => ['total' => 333]]
 ['invoice' => ['total' => 200]]
];

$total = (new Collection($items))->median('invoice.total');

// Total: 333

$total = (new Collection([1, 2, 3, 4]))->median();
// Total: 2.5

Parameters

string|callable|null $path optional

The property name to sum or a function If no value is passed, an identity function will be used. that will return the value of the property to sum.

Returns

float|int|null

min() public

min(mixed $callback, int $sort)

Returns the bottom element in this collection after being sorted by a property.

Check the sortBy method for information on the callback and $sort parameters

Examples:

// For a collection of employees
$min = $collection->min('age');
$min = $collection->min('user.salary');
$min = $collection->min(function ($e) {
 return $e->get('user')->get('salary');
});

// Display employee name
echo $min->name;

Parameters

callable|string $callback

the callback or column name to use for sorting

int $sort optional

The sort type, one of SORT_STRING SORT_NUMERIC or SORT_NATURAL

Returns

mixed

The value of the bottom element in the collection

See Also

\Cake\Collection\CollectionInterface::sortBy()

nest() public

nest(mixed $idPath, mixed $parentPath, string $nestingKey)

Returns a new collection where the values are nested in a tree-like structure based on an id property path and a parent id property path.

Parameters

callable|string $idPath

the column name path to use for determining whether an element is parent of another

callable|string $parentPath

the column name path to use for determining whether an element is child of another

string $nestingKey optional

The key name under which children are nested

Returns

self

newCollection() protected

newCollection(mixed ...$args)

Returns a new collection.

Allows classes which use this trait to determine their own type of returned collection interface

Parameters

mixed ...$args

Constructor arguments.

Returns

\Cake\Collection\CollectionInterface

next() public

next()

Advances the iterator pointer to the next element

optimizeUnwrap() protected

optimizeUnwrap()

Unwraps this iterator and returns the simplest traversable that can be used for getting the data out

Returns

iterable

prepend() public

prepend(mixed $items)

Prepend a set of items to a collection creating a new collection

Parameters

mixed $items

The items to prepend.

Returns

self

prependItem() public

prependItem(mixed $item, mixed $key)

Prepend a single item creating a new collection.

Parameters

mixed $item

The item to prepend.

mixed $key optional

The key to prepend the item with. If null a key will be generated.

Returns

self

reduce() public

reduce(callable $callback, mixed $initial)

Folds the values in this collection to a single value, as the result of applying the callback function to all elements. $zero is the initial state of the reduction, and each successive step of it should be returned by the callback function.

If $zero is omitted the first value of the collection will be used in its place and reduction will start from the second item.

Parameters

callable $callback

The callback function to be called

mixed $initial optional

The state of reduction

Returns

mixed

reject() public

reject(callable $callback)

Looks through each value in the collection, and returns another collection with all the values that do not pass a truth test. This is the opposite of filter.

Each time the callback is executed it will receive the value of the element in the current iteration, the key of the element and this collection as arguments, in that order.

Example:

Filtering even numbers in an array, at the end only values 1 and 3 will be present in the resulting collection:

$collection = (new Collection([1, 2, 3]))->reject(function ($value, $key) {
 return $value % 2 === 0;
});

Parameters

callable $callback

the method that will receive each of the elements and returns true whether or not they should be out of the resulting collection.

Returns

self

rewind() public

rewind()

Rewinds the collection

sample() public

sample(int $length)

Returns a new collection with maximum $size random elements from this collection

Parameters

int $length optional

the maximum number of elements to randomly take from this collection

Returns

self

serialize() public

serialize()

Returns a string representation of this object that can be used to reconstruct it

Returns

string

shuffle() public

shuffle()

Returns a new collection with the elements placed in a random order, this function does not preserve the original keys in the collection.

Returns

self

skip() public

skip(int $length)

Returns a new collection that will skip the specified amount of elements at the beginning of the iteration.

Parameters

int $length

The number of elements to skip.

Returns

self

some() public

some(callable $callback)

Returns true if any of the values in this collection pass the truth test provided in the callback.

Each time the callback is executed it will receive the value of the element in the current iteration and the key of the element as arguments, in that order.

Example:

$hasYoungPeople = (new Collection([24, 45, 15]))->every(function ($value, $key) {
 return $value < 21;
});

Parameters

callable $callback

a callback function

Returns

bool

true if the provided callback returns true for any element in this collection, false otherwise

sortBy() public

sortBy(mixed $callback, int $order, int $sort)

Returns a sorted iterator out of the elements in this collection, ranked in ascending order by the results of running each value through a callback. $callback can also be a string representing the column or property name.

The callback will receive as its first argument each of the elements in $items, the value returned by the callback will be used as the value for sorting such element. Please note that the callback function could be called more than once per element.

Example:

$items = $collection->sortBy(function ($user) {
 return $user->age;
});

// alternatively
$items = $collection->sortBy('age');

// or use a property path
$items = $collection->sortBy('department.name');

// output all user name order by their age in descending order
foreach ($items as $user) {
 echo $user->name;
}

Parameters

callable|string $callback

the callback or column name to use for sorting

int $order optional

The sort order, either SORT_DESC or SORT_ASC

int $sort optional

The sort type, one of SORT_STRING SORT_NUMERIC or SORT_NATURAL

Returns

self

stopWhen() public

stopWhen(mixed $condition)

Creates a new collection that when iterated will stop yielding results if the provided condition evaluates to true.

This is handy for dealing with infinite iterators or any generator that could start returning invalid elements at a certain point. For example, when reading lines from a file stream you may want to stop the iteration after a certain value is reached.

Example:

Get an array of lines in a CSV file until the timestamp column is less than a date

$lines = (new Collection($fileLines))->stopWhen(function ($value, $key) {
 return (new DateTime($value))->format('Y') < 2012;
})
->toArray();

Get elements until the first unapproved message is found:

$comments = (new Collection($comments))->stopWhen(['is_approved' => false]);

Parameters

callable|array $condition

the method that will receive each of the elements and returns true when the iteration should be stopped. If an array, it will be interpreted as a key-value list of conditions where the key is a property path as accepted by Collection::extract, and the value the condition against with each element will be matched.

Returns

self

sumOf() public

sumOf(mixed $path)

Returns the total sum of all the values extracted with $matcher or of this collection.

Example:

$items = [
 ['invoice' => ['total' => 100]],
 ['invoice' => ['total' => 200]]
];

$total = (new Collection($items))->sumOf('invoice.total');

// Total: 300

$total = (new Collection([1, 2, 3]))->sumOf();
// Total: 6

Parameters

string|callable|null $path optional

The property name to sum or a function If no value is passed, an identity function will be used. that will return the value of the property to sum.

Returns

float|int

take() public

take(int $length, int $offset)

Returns a new collection with maximum $size elements in the internal order this collection was created. If a second parameter is passed, it will determine from what position to start taking elements.

Parameters

int $length optional

the maximum number of elements to take from this collection

int $offset optional

A positional offset from where to take the elements

Returns

self

takeLast() public

takeLast(int $length)

Returns the last N elements of a collection

Example:

$items = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];

$last = (new Collection($items))->takeLast(3);

// Result will look like this when converted to array
[3, 4, 5];

Parameters

int $length

The number of elements at the end of the collection

Returns

self

through() public

through(callable $callback)

Passes this collection through a callable as its first argument.

This is useful for decorating the full collection with another object.

Example:

$items = [1, 2, 3];
$decorated = (new Collection($items))->through(function ($collection) {
     return new MyCustomCollection($collection);
});

Parameters

callable $callback

A callable function that will receive this collection as first argument.

Returns

self

toArray() public

toArray(bool $preserveKeys)

Returns an array representation of the results

Parameters

bool $preserveKeys optional

whether to use the keys returned by this collection as the array keys. Keep in mind that it is valid for iterators to return the same key for different elements, setting this value to false can help getting all items if keys are not important in the result.

Returns

array

toList() public

toList()

Returns an numerically-indexed array representation of the results.

This is equivalent to calling toArray(false)

Returns

array

transpose() public

transpose()

Transpose rows and columns into columns and rows

Example:

$items = [
      ['Products', '2012', '2013', '2014'],
      ['Product A', '200', '100', '50'],
      ['Product B', '300', '200', '100'],
      ['Product C', '400', '300', '200'],
]

$transpose = (new Collection($items))->transpose()->toList();

// Returns
// [
//     ['Products', 'Product A', 'Product B', 'Product C'],
//     ['2012', '200', '300', '400'],
//     ['2013', '100', '200', '300'],
//     ['2014', '50', '100', '200'],
// ]

Returns

\Cake\Collection\CollectionInterface

Throws

LogicException

unfold() public

unfold(?callable $callback)

Creates a new collection where the items are the concatenation of the lists of items generated by the transformer function applied to each item in the original collection.

The transformer function will receive the value and the key for each of the items in the collection, in that order, and it must return an array or a Traversable object that can be concatenated to the final result.

If no transformer function is passed, an "identity" function will be used. This is useful when each of the elements in the source collection are lists of items to be appended one after another.

Example:

$items [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5]];
$unfold = (new Collection($items))->unfold(); // Returns [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

Using a transformer

$items [1, 2, 3];
$allItems = (new Collection($items))->unfold(function ($page) {
 return $service->fetchPage($page)->toArray();
});

Parameters

callable|null $callback optional

A callable function that will receive each of the items in the collection and should return an array or Traversable object

Returns

self

unserialize() public

unserialize(mixed $buffer)

Unserializes the passed string and rebuilds the BufferedIterator instance

Parameters

string $buffer

The serialized buffer iterator

unwrap() public

unwrap()

Returns the closest nested iterator that can be safely traversed without losing any possible transformations. This is used mainly to remove empty IteratorIterator wrappers that can only slowdown the iteration process.

Returns

\Traversable

valid() public

valid()

Returns whether or not the iterator has more elements

Returns

bool

zip() public

zip(iterable $items)

Combines the elements of this collection with each of the elements of the passed iterables, using their positional index as a reference.

Example:

$collection = new Collection([1, 2]);
$collection->zip([3, 4], [5, 6])->toList(); // returns [[1, 3, 5], [2, 4, 6]]

Parameters

iterable $items

The collections to zip.

Returns

self

zipWith() public

zipWith(iterable $items, mixed $callback)

Combines the elements of this collection with each of the elements of the passed iterables, using their positional index as a reference.

The resulting element will be the return value of the $callable function.

Example:

$collection = new Collection([1, 2]);
$zipped = $collection->zipWith([3, 4], [5, 6], function (...$args) {
  return array_sum($args);
});
$zipped->toList(); // returns [9, 12]; [(1 + 3 + 5), (2 + 4 + 6)]

Parameters

iterable $items

The collections to zip.

callable $callback

The function to use for zipping the elements together.

Returns

self

Property Detail

$_buffer protected

The in-memory cache containing results from previous iterators

Type

\SplDoublyLinkedList

$_current protected

Last record fetched from the inner iterator

Type

mixed

$_finished protected

Whether or not the internal iterator has reached its end.

Type

bool

$_index protected

Points to the next record number that should be fetched

Type

int

$_key protected

Last key obtained from the inner iterator

Type

mixed

$_started protected

Whether or not the internal iterator's rewind method was already called

Type

bool

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https://api.cakephp.org/4.1/class-Cake.Collection.Iterator.BufferedIterator.html