std::ranges::partition_point

template< std::forward_iterator I, std::sentinel_for<I> S,
          class Proj = std::identity,
          std::indirect_unary_predicate<std::projected<I, Proj>> Pred >
constexpr I
    partition_point( I first, S last, Pred pred, Proj proj = {} );

template< ranges::forward_range R,
          class Proj = std::identity,
          std::indirect_unary_predicate<
              std::projected<ranges::iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Pred >
constexpr ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<R>
    partition_point( R&& r, Pred pred, Proj proj = {} );

Examines the partitioned (as if by ranges::partition) range [first, last) or r and locates the end of the first partition, that is, the projected element that does not satisfy pred or last if all projected elements satisfy pred.

The function-like entities described on this page are niebloids, that is:

• Explicit template argument lists cannot be specified when calling any of them.
• None of them are visible to argument-dependent lookup.
• When any of them are found by normal unqualified lookup as the name to the left of the function-call operator, argument-dependent lookup is inhibited.

In practice, they may be implemented as function objects, or with special compiler extensions.

Parameters

Return value

The iterator past the end of the first partition within [first, last) or the iterator equal to last if all projected elements satisfy pred.

Complexity

Given N = ranges::distance(first, last), performs O(log N) applications of the predicate pred and projection proj.

However, if sentinels don't model std::sized_sentinel_for<I>, the number of iterator increments is O(N).

Notes

This algorithm is a more general form of ranges::lower_bound, which can be expressed in terms of ranges::partition_point with the predicate [&](auto const& e) { return std::invoke(pred, e, value); });.

Example

#include <algorithm>
#include <array>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
 
auto print_seq = [](auto rem, auto first, auto last)
{
    for (std::cout << rem; first != last; std::cout << *first++ << ' ') {}
    std::cout << '\n';
};
 
int main()
{
    std::array v {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9};
 
    auto is_even = [](int i) { return i % 2 == 0; };
 
    std::ranges::partition(v, is_even);
    print_seq("After partitioning, v: ", v.cbegin(), v.cend());
 
    const auto pp = std::ranges::partition_point(v, is_even);
    const auto i = std::ranges::distance(v.cbegin(), pp);
    std::cout << "Partition point is at " << i << "; v[" << i << "] = " << *pp << '\n';
 
    print_seq("First partition (all even elements): ", v.cbegin(), pp);
    print_seq("Second partition (all odd elements): ", pp, v.cend());
}

After partitioning, v: 2 4 6 8 5 3 7 1 9
Partition point is at 4; v[4] = 5
First partition (all even elements): 2 4 6 8
Second partition (all odd elements): 5 3 7 1 9

See also