basic_ostream& flush(); |
Writes uncommitted changes to the underlying output sequence. Behaves as an UnformattedOutputFunction.
If rdbuf()
is a null pointer, the sentry object is not constructed.
Otherwise, after constructing and checking the sentry object, calls rdbuf()->pubsync()
. If the call returns -1
, calls setstate(badbit)
.
(none).
*this
.
May throw std::ios_base::failure
if (exceptions() & badbit) != 0
.
#include <chrono> #include <iostream> #include <thread> using namespace std::chrono_literals; void f() { std::cout << "Output from thread... "; for (int i{1}; i != 10; ++i) { std::this_thread::sleep_for(250ms); std::cout << i << ' '; // output three numbers at once; // the effect is observable only in real-time if (0 == (i % 3)) std::cout.flush(); } std::cout << std::endl; // flushes as well } int main() { std::thread tr{f}; std::this_thread::sleep_for(150ms); std::clog << "Output from main\n"; tr.join(); }
Output:
Output from main Output from thread... 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroactively to previously published C++ standards.
DR | Applied to | Behavior as published | Correct behavior |
---|---|---|---|
LWG 581 | C++98 | flush() did not behave as an UnformattedOutputFunctionbecause of the resolution of LWG issue 60 | behaves as an UnformattedOutputFunction |
invokes sync() (public member function of std::basic_streambuf<CharT,Traits> ) |
|
[virtual] | synchronizes the buffers with the associated character sequence (virtual protected member function of std::basic_streambuf<CharT,Traits> ) |
flushes the output stream (function template) |
|
outputs '\n' and flushes the output stream (function template) |
|
synchronizes with the underlying storage device (public member function of std::basic_istream<CharT,Traits> ) |
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