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std::atomic(std::shared_ptr)

template <class T> struct std::atomic<std::shared_ptr<T>>;

(since C++20)

The partial template specialization of std::atomic for std::shared_ptr<T> allows users to manipulate shared_ptr objects atomically.

If multiple threads of execution access the same std::shared_ptr object without synchronization and any of those accesses uses a non-const member function of shared_ptr then a data race will occur unless all such access is performed through an instance of std::atomic<std::shared_ptr>> (or, deprecated as of C++20, through the standalone functions for atomic access to std::shared_ptr).

Associated use_count increments are guaranteed to be part of the atomic operation. Associated use_count decrements are sequenced after the atomic operation, but are not required to be part of it, except for the use_count change when overriding expected in a failed CAS. Any associated deletion and deallocation are sequenced after the atomic update step and are not part of the atomic operation.

Note that the control block of a shared_ptr is thread-safe: different non-atomic std::shared_ptr objects can be accessed using mutable operations, such as operator= or reset, simultaneously by multiple threads, even when these instances are copies, and share the same control block internally.

The type T may be an incomplete type.

Member types

Member type	Definition
`value_type`	`std::shared_ptr<T>`

Member functions

All non-specialized std::atomic functions are also provided by this specialization, and no additional member functions.

atomic<shared_ptr<T>>::atomic

constexpr atomic() noexcept = default;	(1)
atomic(std::shared_ptr<T> desired) noexcept;	(2)
atomic(const atomic&) = delete;	(3)

1) Initializes the underlying shared_ptr<T> to default-constructed value

2) Initializes the underlying shared_ptr<T> to a copy of desired. As with any std::atomic type, initialization is not an atomic operation.

3) Atomic types are not copy/move constructible

atomic<shared_ptr<T>>::operator=

void operator=(const atomic&) = delete;	(1)
void operator=(std::shared_ptr<T> desired) noexcept;	(2)

1) Atomic types are not copy/move assignable

2) Value assignment, equivalent to store(desired)

atomic<shared_ptr<T>>::is_lock_free

bool is_lock_free() const noexcept;

Returns true if the atomic operations on all objects of this type are lock-free, false otherwise.

atomic<shared_ptr<T>>::store

void store(std::shared_ptr<T> desired,
           std::memory_order order = std::memory_order_seq_cst) noexcept;

Atomically replaces the value of *this with the value of desired as if by p.swap(desired) where p is the underlying std::shared_ptr<T>. Memory is ordered according to order. The behavior is undefined if order is std::memory_order_consume, std::memory_order_acquire, or std::memory_order_acq_rel.

atomic<shared_ptr<T>>::load

std::shared_ptr<T> load(std::memory_order order = std::memory_order_seq_cst) const noexcept;

Atomically returns a copy of the underlying shared pointer. Memory is ordered according to order. The behavior is undefined if order is std::memory_order_release or std::memory_order_acq_rel.

atomic<shared_ptr<T>>::operator std::shared_ptr<T>

operator std::shared_ptr<T>() const noexcept;

Equivalent to return load();

atomic<shared_ptr<T>>::exchange

std::shared_ptr<T> exchange(std::shared_ptr<T> desired,
                            std::memory_order order = std::memory_order_seq_cst) noexcept;

Atomically replaces the underlying std::shared_ptr<T> with desired as if by p.swap(desired) where p is the underlying std::shared_ptr<T> and returns a copy of the value that p had immediately before the swap. Memory is ordered according to order. This is an atomic read-modify-write operation.

atomic<shared_ptr<T>>::compare_exchange_weak, compare_exchange_strong

bool compare_exchange_strong(std::shared_ptr<T>& expected, std::shared_ptr<T> desired, std::memory_order success, std::memory_order failure) noexcept;	(1)
bool compare_exchange_weak(std::shared_ptr<T>& expected, std::shared_ptr<T> desired, std::memory_order success, std::memory_order failure) noexcept;	(2)
bool compare_exchange_strong(std::shared_ptr<T>& expected, std::shared_ptr<T> desired, std::memory_order order = std::memory_order_seq_cst) noexcept;	(3)
bool compare_exchange_weak(std::shared_ptr<T>& expected, std::shared_ptr<T> desired, std::memory_order order = std::memory_order_seq_cst) noexcept;	(4)

1) If the underlying std::shared_ptr<T> stores the same T* as expected and shares ownership with it, or if both underlying and expected are empty, assigns from desired to the underlying std::shared_ptr<T>, returns true, and orders memory according to success, otherwise assigns from the underlying std::shared_ptr<T> to expected, returns false, and orders memory according to failure. The behavior is undefined if failure is std::memory_order_release or std::memory_order_acq_rel. On success, the operation is an atomic read-modify-write operation on *this and expected is not accessed after the atomic update. On failure, the operation is an atomic load operation on *this and expected is updated with the existing value read from the atomic object. This update to expected's use_count is part of this atomic operation, although the write itself (and any subsequent deallocation/destruction) is not required to be.

2) Same as (1), but may also fail spuriously.

3) Equivalent to: return compare_exchange_strong(expected, desired, order, fail_order);, where fail_order is the same as order except that std:memory_order_acq_rel is replaced by std::memory_order_acquire and std::memory_order_release is replaced by std::memory_order_relaxed.

4) Equivalent to: return compare_exchange_weak(expected, desired, order, fail_order); where fail_order is the same as order except that std::memory_order_acq_rel is replaced by std::memory_order_acquire and std::memory_order_release is replaced by std::memory_order_relaxed.

Member constants

The only standard std::atomic member constant is_always_lock_free is also provided by this specialization.

atomic<shared_ptr<T>>::is_always_lock_free

static constexpr bool is_always_lock_free = /*implementation-defined*/;