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:root

The :root CSS pseudo-class matches the root element of a tree representing the document. In HTML, :root represents the <html> element and is identical to the selector html, except that its specificity is higher.

/* Selects the root element of the document:
   <html> in the case of HTML */
:root {
  background: yellow;
}

Syntax

:root {
  /* ... */
}

Examples

Declaring global CSS variables

:root can be useful for declaring global CSS variables:

:root {
  --main-color: hotpink;
  --pane-padding: 5px 42px;
}

Specifications

Specification
Selectors Level 4
# root-pseudo

Browser compatibility

Desktop Mobile
Chrome Edge Firefox Internet Explorer Opera Safari WebView Android Chrome Android Firefox for Android Opera Android Safari on IOS Samsung Internet
:root 1 12 1 9 9.5 1 37 18 4 14 1 1.0

See also

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Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License v2.5 or later.
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:root