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rotateX()

The rotateX() CSS function defines a transformation that rotates an element around the abscissa (horizontal axis) without deforming it. Its result is a <transform-function> data type.

Try it

The axis of rotation passes through an origin, defined by the transform-origin CSS property.

Note: rotateX(a) is equivalent to rotate3d(1, 0, 0, a).

Note: Unlike rotations in the 2D plane, the composition of 3D rotations is usually not commutative. In other words, the order in which the rotations are applied impacts the result.

Syntax

The amount of rotation created by rotateX() is specified by an <angle>. If positive, the movement will be clockwise; if negative, it will be counter-clockwise.

rotateX(a)

Values

a

Is an <angle> representing the angle of the rotation. A positive angle denotes a clockwise rotation, a negative angle a counter-clockwise one.

Cartesian coordinates on ℝ^2 Homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ^2 Cartesian coordinates on ℝ^3 Homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ^3
This transformation applies to the 3D space and can't be represented on the plane. ( 1 0 0 0 cos ( a ) - sin ( a ) 0 sin ( a ) cos ( a ) ) ( 1 0 0 0 0 cos ( a ) - sin ( a ) 0 0 sin ( a ) cos ( a ) 0 0 0 0 1 )

Examples

HTML

<div>Normal</div>
<div class="rotated">Rotated</div>

CSS

div {
  width: 80px;
  height: 80px;
  background-color: skyblue;
}

.rotated {
  transform: rotateX(45deg);
  background-color: pink;
}

Result

Specifications

Browser compatibility

Desktop Mobile
Chrome Edge Firefox Internet Explorer Opera Safari WebView Android Chrome Android Firefox for Android Opera Android Safari on IOS Samsung Internet
rotateX 12 12 10 10 15 4 3 18 10 14 3.2 1.0

See also

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Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License v2.5 or later.
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transform-function/rotateX