std.range.interfaces

This module is a submodule of std.range.

The main std.range module provides template-based tools for working with ranges, but sometimes an object-based interface for ranges is needed, such as when runtime polymorphism is required. For this purpose, this submodule provides a number of object and interface definitions that can be used to wrap around range objects created by the std.range templates.

InputRange	Wrapper for input ranges.
InputAssignable	Wrapper for input ranges with assignable elements.
ForwardRange	Wrapper for forward ranges.
ForwardAssignable	Wrapper for forward ranges with assignable elements.
BidirectionalRange	Wrapper for bidirectional ranges.
BidirectionalAssignable	Wrapper for bidirectional ranges with assignable elements.
RandomAccessFinite	Wrapper for finite random-access ranges.
RandomAccessAssignable	Wrapper for finite random-access ranges with assignable elements.
RandomAccessInfinite	Wrapper for infinite random-access ranges.
OutputRange	Wrapper for output ranges.
OutputRangeObject	Class that implements the OutputRange interface and wraps the put methods in virtual functions.
outputRangeObject	Convenience function for creating an OutputRangeObject with a base range of type R that accepts types E.
InputRangeObject	Class that implements the InputRange interface and wraps the input range methods in virtual functions.
inputRangeObject	Convenience function for creating an InputRangeObject of the proper type.
MostDerivedInputRange	Returns the interface type that best matches the range.

Source

std/range/interfaces.d

License:

Boost License 1.0.

Authors:

Andrei Alexandrescu, David Simcha, and Jonathan M Davis. Credit for some of the ideas in building this module goes to Leonardo Maffi.

interface InputRange(E);

These interfaces are intended to provide virtual function-based wrappers around input ranges with element type E. This is useful where a well-defined binary interface is required, such as when a DLL function or virtual function needs to accept a generic range as a parameter. Note that isInputRange and friends check for conformance to structural interfaces not for implementation of these interface types.

Limitations

These interfaces are not capable of forwarding ref access to elements.

Infiniteness of the wrapped range is not propagated. Length is not propagated in the case of non-random access ranges.

See Also:

inputRangeObject

Examples:

import std.algorithm.iteration : map;
import std.range : iota;

void useRange(InputRange!int range) {
    // Function body.
}

// Create a range type.
auto squares = map!"a * a"(iota(10));

// Wrap it in an interface.
auto squaresWrapped = inputRangeObject(squares);

// Use it.
useRange(squaresWrapped);

@property E front();

E moveFront();

void popFront();

@property bool empty();

int opApply(scope int delegate(E));

int opApply(scope int delegate(size_t, E));

foreach iteration uses opApply, since one delegate call per loop iteration is faster than three virtual function calls.

interface ForwardRange(E): InputRange!E;

Interface for a forward range of type E.

@property ForwardRange!E save();

interface BidirectionalRange(E): ForwardRange!E;

Interface for a bidirectional range of type E.

@property BidirectionalRange!E save();

@property E back();

E moveBack();

void popBack();

interface RandomAccessFinite(E): BidirectionalRange!E;

Interface for a finite random access range of type E.

@property RandomAccessFinite!E save();

E opIndex(size_t);

E moveAt(size_t);

@property size_t length();

alias opDollar = length;

RandomAccessFinite!E opSlice(size_t, size_t);

interface RandomAccessInfinite(E): ForwardRange!E;

Interface for an infinite random access range of type E.

E moveAt(size_t);

@property RandomAccessInfinite!E save();

E opIndex(size_t);

interface InputAssignable(E): InputRange!E;

Adds assignable elements to InputRange.

@property void front(E newVal);

interface ForwardAssignable(E): InputAssignable!E, ForwardRange!E;

Adds assignable elements to ForwardRange.

@property ForwardAssignable!E save();

interface BidirectionalAssignable(E): ForwardAssignable!E, BidirectionalRange!E;

Adds assignable elements to BidirectionalRange.

@property BidirectionalAssignable!E save();

@property void back(E newVal);

interface RandomFiniteAssignable(E): RandomAccessFinite!E, BidirectionalAssignable!E;

Adds assignable elements to RandomAccessFinite.

@property RandomFiniteAssignable!E save();

void opIndexAssign(E val, size_t index);

interface OutputRange(E);

Interface for an output range of type E. Usage is similar to the InputRange interface and descendants.

void put(E);

class OutputRangeObject(R, E...): staticMap!(OutputRange, E);

Implements the OutputRange interface for all types E and wraps the put method for each type E in a virtual function.

this(R range);

template MostDerivedInputRange(R) if (isInputRange!(Unqual!R))

Returns the interface type that best matches R.

template InputRangeObject(R) if (isInputRange!(Unqual!R))

Implements the most derived interface that R works with and wraps all relevant range primitives in virtual functions. If R is already derived from the InputRange interface, aliases itself away.

InputRangeObject!R inputRangeObject(R)(R range)
Constraints: if (isInputRange!R);

Convenience function for creating an InputRangeObject of the proper type. See InputRange for an example.

template outputRangeObject(E...)

Convenience function for creating an OutputRangeObject with a base range of type R that accepts types E.

Examples:

import std.array;
auto app = appender!(uint[])();
auto appWrapped = outputRangeObject!(uint, uint[])(app);
static assert(is(typeof(appWrapped) : OutputRange!(uint[])));
static assert(is(typeof(appWrapped) : OutputRange!(uint)));

OutputRangeObject!(R, E) outputRangeObject(R)(R range);