The HTMLSelectElement
interface represents a <select>
HTML Element. These elements also share all of the properties and methods of other HTML elements via the HTMLElement
interface.
The HTMLSelectElement
interface represents a <select>
HTML Element. These elements also share all of the properties and methods of other HTML elements via the HTMLElement
interface.
This interface inherits the properties of HTMLElement
, and of Element
and Node
.
HTMLSelectElement.autofocus
A boolean value reflecting the autofocus
HTML attribute, which indicates whether the control should have input focus when the page loads, unless the user overrides it, for example by typing in a different control. Only one form-associated element in a document can have this attribute specified.
HTMLSelectElement.disabled
A boolean value reflecting the disabled
HTML attribute, which indicates whether the control is disabled. If it is disabled, it does not accept clicks.
HTMLSelectElement.form
Read only
An HTMLFormElement
referencing the form that this element is associated with. If the element is not associated with of a <form>
element, then it returns null
.
HTMLSelectElement.labels
Read only
HTMLSelectElement.length
An unsigned long
The number of <option>
elements in this select
element.
HTMLSelectElement.multiple
A boolean value reflecting the multiple
HTML attribute, which indicates whether multiple items can be selected.
HTMLSelectElement.name
A string reflecting the name
HTML attribute, containing the name of this control used by servers and DOM search functions.
HTMLSelectElement.options
Read only
An HTMLOptionsCollection
representing the set of <option>
(HTMLOptionElement
) elements contained by this element.
HTMLSelectElement.required
A boolean value reflecting the required
HTML attribute, which indicates whether the user is required to select a value before submitting the form.
HTMLSelectElement.selectedIndex
A long
reflecting the index of the first selected <option>
element. The value -1
indicates no element is selected.
HTMLSelectElement.selectedOptions
Read only
An HTMLCollection
representing the set of <option>
elements that are selected.
HTMLSelectElement.size
A long
reflecting the size
HTML attribute, which contains the number of visible items in the control. The default is 1, unless multiple
is true
, in which case it is 4.
HTMLSelectElement.type
Read only
A string representing the form control's type. When multiple
is true
, it returns "select-multiple"
; otherwise, it returns "select-one"
.
HTMLSelectElement.validationMessage
Read only
A string representing a localized message that describes the validation constraints that the control does not satisfy (if any). This attribute is the empty string if the control is not a candidate for constraint validation (willValidate
is false), or it satisfies its constraints.
HTMLSelectElement.validity
Read only
A ValidityState
reflecting the validity state that this control is in.
HTMLSelectElement.value
A string reflecting the value of the form control. Returns the value
property of the first selected option element if there is one, otherwise the empty string.
HTMLSelectElement.willValidate
Read only
A boolean value that indicates whether the button is a candidate for constraint validation. It is false
if any conditions bar it from constraint validation.
This interface inherits the methods of HTMLElement
, and of Element
and Node
.
HTMLSelectElement.add()
Adds an element to the collection of option
elements for this select
element.
HTMLSelectElement.blur()
Deprecated
Removes input focus from this element. This method is now implemented on HTMLElement
.
HTMLSelectElement.checkValidity()
Checks whether the element has any constraints and whether it satisfies them. If the element fails its constraints, the browser fires a cancelable invalid
event at the element (and returns false
).
HTMLSelectElement.focus()
Deprecated
Gives input focus to this element. This method is now implemented on HTMLElement
.
HTMLSelectElement.item()
Gets an item from the options collection for this <select>
element. You can also access an item by specifying the index in square brackets or parentheses, without calling this method explicitly.
HTMLSelectElement.namedItem()
Gets the item in the options collection with the specified name. The name string can match either the id
or the name
attribute of an option node. You can also access an item by specifying the name in square brackets or parentheses, without calling this method explicitly.
HTMLSelectElement.remove()
Removes the element at the specified index from the options collection for this select
element.
HTMLSelectElement.reportValidity()
This method reports the problems with the constraints on the element, if any, to the user. If there are problems, it fires a cancelable invalid
event at the element, and returns false
; if there are no problems, it returns true
.
HTMLSelectElement.setCustomValidity()
Sets the custom validity message for the selection element to the specified message. Use the empty string to indicate that the element does not have a custom validity error.
Listen to these events using addEventListener()
or by assigning an event listener to the oneventname
property of this interface:
change
eventFires when the user selects an option.
input
eventFires when the value
of an <input>
, <select>
, or <textarea>
element has been changed.
js
/* assuming we have the following HTML <select id='s'> <option>First</option> <option selected>Second</option> <option>Third</option> </select> */ const select = document.getElementById("s"); // return the index of the selected option console.log(select.selectedIndex); // 1 // return the value of the selected option console.log(select.options[select.selectedIndex].value); // Second
A better way to track changes to the user's selection is to watch for the change
event to occur on the <select>
. This will tell you when the value changes, and you can then update anything you need to. See the example provided in the documentation for the change
event for details.
Specification |
---|
HTML Standard # htmlselectelement |
Desktop | Mobile | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chrome | Edge | Firefox | Internet Explorer | Opera | Safari | WebView Android | Chrome Android | Firefox for Android | Opera Android | Safari on IOS | Samsung Internet | |
HTMLSelectElement |
1 | 12 | 1You should watch for change events on<select> instead of watching <option> elements for events. See bug 1090602 and Multiprocess Firefox Web content compatibility for details. |
1 | 2 | 1 | ≤37 | 18 | 4 | 10.1 | 1 | 1.0 |
add |
1 | 12 | 1 | 5.5 | ≤12.1 | 3 | 4.4 | 18 | 4 | ≤12.1 | 1 | 1.0 |
autocomplete |
66 | 79 | 59 | No | 53≤12.1–15 | 9.1 | 66 | 66 | 59 | 47≤12.1–14 | 9.3 | 9.0 |
checkValidity |
4 | 12 | 4 | 10 | 9 | 5 | ≤37 | 18 | 4 | 10.1 | 4 | 1.0 |
disabled |
1 | 12 | 1 | 5.5 | 9 | 3 | 4.4 | 18 | 4 | 10.1 | 1 | 1.0 |
form |
1 | 12 | 1 | 5.5 | ≤12.1 | 3 | 4.4 | 18 | 4 | ≤12.1 | 1 | 1.0 |
item |
1 | 12 | 1 | 5.5 | ≤12.1 | 3 | 4.4 | 18 | 4 | ≤12.1 | 1 | 1.0 |
labels |
6 | 18 | 56 | No | ≤12.1 | 5.1 | 3 | 18 | 56 | ≤12.1 | 5 | 1.0 |
length |
1 | 12 | 1 | 5.5 | ≤12.1 | 3 | 4.4 | 18 | 4 | ≤12.1 | 1 | 1.0 |
multiple |
1 | 12 | 1 | 5.5 | ≤12.1 | 3 | 4.4 | 18 | 4 | ≤12.1 | 1 | 1.0 |
name |
1 | 12 | 1 | 5.5 | ≤12.1 | 3 | 4.4 | 18 | 4 | ≤12.1 | 1 | 1.0 |
namedItem |
1 | 12namedItem does not appear to take the name attribute into account (only the id attribute) on Internet Explorer and Edge. There is a bug report to Microsoft about this. |
1 | 6namedItem does not appear to take the name attribute into account (only the id attribute) on Internet Explorer and Edge. There is a bug report to Microsoft about this. |
≤12.1 | 3 | 4.4 | 18 | 4 | ≤12.1 | 1 | 1.0 |
options |
1 | 12 | 1 | 5.5 | ≤12.1 | 3 | 4.4 | 18 | 4 | ≤12.1 | 1 | 1.0 |
remove |
1 | 12 | 1 | 5.5 | ≤12.1 | 3 | 4.4 | 18 | 4 | ≤12.1 | 1 | 1.0 |
reportValidity |
40 | 17 | 49 | No | 27 | 10.1 | 40 | 40 | 64 | 27 | 10.3 | 4.0 |
required |
10 | 12 | 4 | 10 | ≤12.1 | 5.1 | ≤37 | 18 | 4 | ≤12.1 | 5 | 1.0 |
selectedIndex |
1 | 12 | 1 | 5.5 | ≤12.1 | 3 | 4.4 | 18 | 4 | ≤12.1 | 1 | 1.0 |
selectedOptions |
19 | 12 | 26 | No | 9 | 6 | 4.4 | 25 | 26 | 10.1 | 6 | 1.5 |
setCustomValidity |
4 | 12 | 4 | 10 | ≤12.1 | 5 | ≤37 | 18 | 4 | ≤12.1 | 4 | 1.0 |
size |
1 | 12 | 1 | 5.5 | ≤12.1 | 3 | 4.4 | 18 | 4 | ≤12.1 | 1 | 1.0 |
type |
1 | 12 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4.4 | 18 | 4 | 10.1 | 1 | 1.0 |
validationMessage |
5 | 12 | 4 | 10 | ≤12.1 | 5 | ≤37 | 18 | 4 | ≤12.1 | 4 | 1.0 |
validity |
4 | 12 | 4 | 10 | ≤12.1 | 5 | ≤37 | 18 | 4 | ≤12.1 | 4 | 1.0 |
value |
1 | 12 | 1 | 5.5 | ≤12.1 | 3 | 4.4 | 18 | 4 | ≤12.1 | 1 | 1.0 |
willValidate |
2 | 12 | 4 | 10 | ≤12.1 | 4 | ≤37 | 18 | 4 | ≤12.1 | 3 | 1.0 |
<select>
HTML element, which implements this interface.
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https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLSelectElement