db_query($query, array$args= array(), array$options= array())
Executes an arbitrary query string against the active database.
Use this function for SELECT queries if it is just a simple query string. If the caller or other modules need to change the query, use db_select() instead.
Do not use this function for INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE queries. Those should be handled via db_insert(), db_update() and db_delete() respectively.
string|\Drupal\Core\Database\StatementInterface $query: The prepared statement query to run. Although it will accept both named and unnamed placeholders, named placeholders are strongly preferred as they are more self-documenting. If the argument corresponding to a placeholder is an array of values to be expanded (for example, with an IN query), the placeholder should be named with a trailing bracket like :example[].
array $args: An array of values to substitute into the query. If the query uses named placeholders, this is an associative array in any order. If the query uses unnamed placeholders (?), this is an indexed array and the order must match the order of placeholders in the query string.
array $options: An array of options to control how the query operates.
\Drupal\Core\Database\StatementInterface A prepared statement object, already executed.
as of Drupal 8.0.x, will be removed in Drupal 9.0.0. Instead, get a database connection injected into your service from the container and call query() on it. For example, $injected_database->query($query, $args, $options);
\Drupal\Core\Database\Connection::query()
\Drupal\Core\Database\Connection::defaultOptions()
function db_query($query, array $args = array(), array $options = array()) { if (empty($options['target'])) { $options['target'] = 'default'; } return Database::getConnection($options['target'])->query($query, $args, $options); }
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https://api.drupal.org/api/drupal/core!includes!database.inc/function/db_query/8.1.x