Functions for working with tuples.
Please note the following functions for tuples are found in Kernel
:
elem/2
- accesses a tuple by indexput_elem/3
- inserts a value into a tuple by indextuple_size/1
- gets the number of elements in a tupleTuples are intended as fixed-size containers for multiple elements. To manipulate a collection of elements, use a list instead. Enum
functions do not work on tuples.
Tuples are denoted with curly braces:
iex> {} {} iex> {1, :two, "three"} {1, :two, "three"}
A tuple may contain elements of different types, which are stored contiguously in memory. Accessing any element takes constant time, but modifying a tuple, which produces a shallow copy, takes linear time. Tuples are good for reading data while lists are better for traversals.
Tuples are typically used either when a function has multiple return values or for error handling. File.read/1
returns {:ok, contents}
if reading the given file is successful, or else {:error, reason}
such as when the file does not exist.
The functions in this module that add and remove elements from tuples are rarely used in practice, as they typically imply tuples are being used as collections. To append to a tuple, it is preferable to extract the elements from the old tuple with pattern matching, and then create a new tuple:
tuple = {:ok, :example} # Avoid result = Tuple.insert_at(tuple, 2, %{}) # Prefer {:ok, atom} = tuple result = {:ok, atom, %{}}
Inserts an element at the end of a tuple.
Removes an element from a tuple.
Creates a new tuple.
Inserts an element into a tuple.
Converts a tuple to a list.
append(tuple(), term()) :: tuple()
Inserts an element at the end of a tuple.
Returns a new tuple with the element appended at the end, and contains the elements in tuple
followed by value
as the last element.
Inlined by the compiler.
iex> tuple = {:foo, :bar} iex> Tuple.append(tuple, :baz) {:foo, :bar, :baz}
delete_at(tuple(), non_neg_integer()) :: tuple()
Removes an element from a tuple.
Deletes the element at the given index
from tuple
. Raises an ArgumentError
if index
is negative or greater than or equal to the length of tuple
. Index is zero-based.
Inlined by the compiler.
iex> tuple = {:foo, :bar, :baz} iex> Tuple.delete_at(tuple, 0) {:bar, :baz}
duplicate(term(), non_neg_integer()) :: tuple()
Creates a new tuple.
Creates a tuple of size
containing the given data
at every position.
Inlined by the compiler.
iex> Tuple.duplicate(:hello, 3) {:hello, :hello, :hello}
insert_at(tuple(), non_neg_integer(), term()) :: tuple()
Inserts an element into a tuple.
Inserts value
into tuple
at the given index
. Raises an ArgumentError
if index
is negative or greater than the length of tuple
. Index is zero-based.
Inlined by the compiler.
iex> tuple = {:bar, :baz} iex> Tuple.insert_at(tuple, 0, :foo) {:foo, :bar, :baz} iex> Tuple.insert_at(tuple, 2, :bong) {:bar, :baz, :bong}
to_list(tuple()) :: list()
Converts a tuple to a list.
Returns a new list with all the tuple elements.
Inlined by the compiler.
iex> tuple = {:foo, :bar, :baz} iex> Tuple.to_list(tuple) [:foo, :bar, :baz]
© 2012 Plataformatec
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0.
https://hexdocs.pm/elixir/1.11.2/Tuple.html