no-inner-declarations

Disallow variable or function declarations in nested blocks

In JavaScript, prior to ES6, a function declaration is only allowed in the first level of a program or the body of another function, though parsers sometimes erroneously accept them elsewhere. This only applies to function declarations; named or anonymous function expressions can occur anywhere an expression is permitted.

// Good
function doSomething() { }

// Bad
if (test) {
    function doSomethingElse () { }
}

function anotherThing() {
    var fn;

    if (test) {

        // Good
        fn = function expression() { };

        // Bad
        function declaration() { }
    }
}

A variable declaration is permitted anywhere a statement can go, even nested deeply inside other blocks. This is often undesirable due to variable hoisting, and moving declarations to the root of the program or function body can increase clarity. Note that block bindings (let, const) are not hoisted and therefore they are not affected by this rule.

/*eslint-env es6*/

// Good
var foo = 42;

// Good
if (foo) {
    let bar1;
}

// Bad
while (test) {
    var bar2;
}

function doSomething() {
    // Good
    var baz = true;

    // Bad
    if (baz) {
        var quux;
    }
}

Rule Details

This rule requires that function declarations and, optionally, variable declarations be in the root of a program, or in the root of the body of a function, or in the root of the body of a class static block.

Options

This rule has a string option:

• "functions" (default) disallows function declarations in nested blocks
• "both" disallows function and var declarations in nested blocks

functions

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the default "functions" option:

/*eslint no-inner-declarations: "error"*/

if (test) {
    function doSomething() { }
}

function doSomethingElse() {
    if (test) {
        function doAnotherThing() { }
    }
}

if (foo) function f(){}

class C {
    static {
        if (test) {
            function doSomething() { }
        }
    }
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the default "functions" option:

/*eslint no-inner-declarations: "error"*/

function doSomething() { }

function doSomethingElse() {
    function doAnotherThing() { }
}

class C {
    static {
        function doSomething() { }
    }
}

if (test) {
    asyncCall(id, function (err, data) { });
}

var fn;
if (test) {
    fn = function fnExpression() { };
}

if (foo) var a;

both

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the "both" option:

/*eslint no-inner-declarations: ["error", "both"]*/

if (test) {
    var foo = 42;
}

function doAnotherThing() {
    if (test) {
        var bar = 81;
    }
}

if (foo) var a;

if (foo) function f(){}

class C {
    static {
        if (test) {
            var something;
        }
    }
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the "both" option:

/*eslint no-inner-declarations: ["error", "both"]*/

var bar = 42;

if (test) {
    let baz = 43;
}

function doAnotherThing() {
    var baz = 81;
}

class C {
    static {
        var something;
    }
}

When Not To Use It

The function declaration portion rule will be rendered obsolete when block-scoped functions land in ES6, but until then, it should be left on to enforce valid constructions. Disable checking variable declarations when using block-scoped-var or if declaring variables in nested blocks is acceptable despite hoisting.

Version

This rule was introduced in ESLint v0.6.0.

Resources

• Rule source
• Tests source