Synopsis (in math mode or display math mode), one of:
base^exp base^{exp}
or, one of:
base_exp base_{exp}
Make exp appear as a superscript of base (with the caret character, ^
) or a subscript (with underscore, _
).
In this example the 0
’s and 1
’s are subscripts while the 2
’s are superscripts.
\( (x_0+x_1)^2 \leq (x_0)^2+(x_1)^2 \)
To have the subscript or superscript contain more than one character, surround the expression with curly braces, as in e^{-2x}
. This example’s fourth line shows curly braces used to group an expression for the exponent.
\begin{displaymath} (3^3)^3=27^3=19\,683 \qquad 3^{(3^3)}=3^{27}=7\,625\,597\,484\,987 \end{displaymath}
LaTeX knows how to handle a superscript on a superscript, or a subscript on a subscript, or supers on subs, or subs on supers. So, expressions such as e^{x^2}
and x_{i_0}
give correct output. Note the use in those expressions of curly braces to give the base a determined exp. If you enter \(3^3^3\)
then you get ‘Double superscript’.
LaTeX does the right thing when something has both a subscript and a superscript. In this example the integral has both. They come out in the correct place without any author intervention.
\begin{displaymath} \int_{x=a}^b f'(x)\,dx = f(b)-f(a) \end{displaymath}
Note the parentheses around x=a
to make the entire expression a subscript.
To put a superscript or subscript before a symbol, use a construct like {}_t K^2
. The empty curly braces {}
give the subscript something to attach to and keeps it from accidentally attaching to a prior symbols.
Using the subscript or superscript character outside of math mode or display math mode, as in the expression x^2
, will get you the error ‘Missing $ inserted’.
A common reason to want subscripts outside of a mathematics mode is to typeset chemical formulas. There are packages for that, such as mhchem; see CTAN.
© 2007–2018 Karl Berry
Public Domain Software
http://latexref.xyz/Subscripts-_0026-superscripts.html