Syntax

CONCAT_WS(separator,str1,str2,...)

Description

CONCAT_WS() stands for Concatenate With Separator and is a special form of CONCAT(). The first argument is the separator for the rest of the arguments. The separator is added between the strings to be concatenated. The separator can be a string, as can the rest of the arguments.

If the separator is NULL, the result is NULL; all other NULL values are skipped. This makes CONCAT_WS() suitable when you want to concatenate some values and avoid losing all information if one of them is NULL.

Examples

SELECT CONCAT_WS(',','First name','Second name','Last Name');
+-------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT_WS(',','First name','Second name','Last Name') |
+-------------------------------------------------------+
| First name,Second name,Last Name                      |
+-------------------------------------------------------+

SELECT CONCAT_WS('-','Floor',NULL,'Room');
+------------------------------------+
| CONCAT_WS('-','Floor',NULL,'Room') |
+------------------------------------+
| Floor-Room                         |
+------------------------------------+

In some cases, remember to include a space in the separator string:

SET @a = 'gnu', @b = 'penguin', @c = 'sea lion';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

SELECT CONCAT_WS(', ', @a, @b, @c);
+-----------------------------+
| CONCAT_WS(', ', @a, @b, @c) |
+-----------------------------+
| gnu, penguin, sea lion      |
+-----------------------------+

Using CONCAT_WS() to handle NULLs:

SET @a = 'a', @b = NULL, @c = 'c';

SELECT CONCAT_WS('', @a, @b, @c);
+---------------------------+
| CONCAT_WS('', @a, @b, @c) |
+---------------------------+
| ac                        |
+---------------------------+

See Also

• GROUP_CONCAT()