QNetworkRequest Class

The QNetworkRequest class holds a request to be sent with QNetworkAccessManager. More...

Header:	#include <QNetworkRequest>
CMake:	find_package(Qt6 COMPONENTS Network REQUIRED) target_link_libraries(mytarget PRIVATE Qt6::Network)
qmake:	QT += network

• List of all members, including inherited members

Public Types

enum	Attribute { HttpStatusCodeAttribute, HttpReasonPhraseAttribute, RedirectionTargetAttribute, ConnectionEncryptedAttribute, CacheLoadControlAttribute, …, UserMax }
enum	CacheLoadControl { AlwaysNetwork, PreferNetwork, PreferCache, AlwaysCache }
enum	KnownHeaders { ContentDispositionHeader, ContentTypeHeader, ContentLengthHeader, LocationHeader, LastModifiedHeader, …, ServerHeader }
enum	LoadControl { Automatic, Manual }
enum	Priority { HighPriority, NormalPriority, LowPriority }
enum	RedirectPolicy { ManualRedirectPolicy, NoLessSafeRedirectPolicy, SameOriginRedirectPolicy, UserVerifiedRedirectPolicy }
enum	TransferTimeoutConstant { DefaultTransferTimeoutConstant }

Public Functions

	QNetworkRequest(const QNetworkRequest &other)
	QNetworkRequest(const QUrl &url)
	QNetworkRequest()
QNetworkRequest &	operator=(const QNetworkRequest &other)
	~QNetworkRequest()
QVariant	attribute(QNetworkRequest::Attribute code, const QVariant &defaultValue = QVariant()) const
qint64	decompressedSafetyCheckThreshold() const
bool	hasRawHeader(const QByteArray &headerName) const
QVariant	header(QNetworkRequest::KnownHeaders header) const
QHttp2Configuration	http2Configuration() const
int	maximumRedirectsAllowed() const
QObject *	originatingObject() const
QString	peerVerifyName() const
QNetworkRequest::Priority	priority() const
QByteArray	rawHeader(const QByteArray &headerName) const
QList<QByteArray>	rawHeaderList() const
void	setAttribute(QNetworkRequest::Attribute code, const QVariant &value)
void	setDecompressedSafetyCheckThreshold(qint64 threshold)
void	setHeader(QNetworkRequest::KnownHeaders header, const QVariant &value)
void	setHttp2Configuration(const QHttp2Configuration &configuration)
void	setMaximumRedirectsAllowed(int maxRedirectsAllowed)
void	setOriginatingObject(QObject *object)
void	setPeerVerifyName(const QString &peerName)
void	setPriority(QNetworkRequest::Priority priority)
void	setRawHeader(const QByteArray &headerName, const QByteArray &headerValue)
void	setSslConfiguration(const QSslConfiguration &config)
void	setTransferTimeout(int timeout = DefaultTransferTimeoutConstant)
void	setUrl(const QUrl &url)
QSslConfiguration	sslConfiguration() const
void	swap(QNetworkRequest &other)
int	transferTimeout() const
QUrl	url() const
bool	operator!=(const QNetworkRequest &other) const
bool	operator==(const QNetworkRequest &other) const

Detailed Description

QNetworkRequest is part of the Network Access API and is the class holding the information necessary to send a request over the network. It contains a URL and some ancillary information that can be used to modify the request.

See also QNetworkReply and QNetworkAccessManager.

Member Type Documentation

enum QNetworkRequest::Attribute

Attribute codes for the QNetworkRequest and QNetworkReply.

Attributes are extra meta-data that are used to control the behavior of the request and to pass further information from the reply back to the application. Attributes are also extensible, allowing custom implementations to pass custom values.

The following table explains what the default attribute codes are, the QVariant types associated, the default value if said attribute is missing and whether it's used in requests or replies.

Constant	Value	Description
QNetworkRequest::HttpStatusCodeAttribute	0	Replies only, type: QMetaType::Int (no default) Indicates the HTTP status code received from the HTTP server (like 200, 304, 404, 401, etc.). If the connection was not HTTP-based, this attribute will not be present.
QNetworkRequest::HttpReasonPhraseAttribute	1	Replies only, type: QMetaType::QByteArray (no default) Indicates the HTTP reason phrase as received from the HTTP server (like "Ok", "Found", "Not Found", "Access Denied", etc.) This is the human-readable representation of the status code (see above). If the connection was not HTTP-based, this attribute will not be present.
QNetworkRequest::RedirectionTargetAttribute	2	Replies only, type: QMetaType::QUrl (no default) If present, it indicates that the server is redirecting the request to a different URL. The Network Access API does follow redirections by default, but if QNetworkRequest::ManualRedirectPolicy is enabled and the redirect was not handled in redirected() then this attribute will be present. The returned URL might be relative. Use QUrl::resolved() to create an absolute URL out of it.
QNetworkRequest::ConnectionEncryptedAttribute	3	Replies only, type: QMetaType::Bool (default: false) Indicates whether the data was obtained through an encrypted (secure) connection.
QNetworkRequest::CacheLoadControlAttribute	4	Requests only, type: QMetaType::Int (default: QNetworkRequest::PreferNetwork) Controls how the cache should be accessed. The possible values are those of QNetworkRequest::CacheLoadControl. Note that the default QNetworkAccessManager implementation does not support caching. However, this attribute may be used by certain backends to modify their requests (for example, for caching proxies).
QNetworkRequest::CacheSaveControlAttribute	5	Requests only, type: QMetaType::Bool (default: true) Controls if the data obtained should be saved to cache for future uses. If the value is false, the data obtained will not be automatically cached. If true, data may be cached, provided it is cacheable (what is cacheable depends on the protocol being used).
QNetworkRequest::SourceIsFromCacheAttribute	6	Replies only, type: QMetaType::Bool (default: false) Indicates whether the data was obtained from cache or not.
QNetworkRequest::DoNotBufferUploadDataAttribute	7	Requests only, type: QMetaType::Bool (default: false) Indicates whether the QNetworkAccessManager code is allowed to buffer the upload data, e.g. when doing a HTTP POST. When using this flag with sequential upload data, the ContentLengthHeader header must be set.
QNetworkRequest::HttpPipeliningAllowedAttribute	8	Requests only, type: QMetaType::Bool (default: false) Indicates whether the QNetworkAccessManager code is allowed to use HTTP pipelining with this request.
QNetworkRequest::HttpPipeliningWasUsedAttribute	9	Replies only, type: QMetaType::Bool Indicates whether the HTTP pipelining was used for receiving this reply.
QNetworkRequest::CustomVerbAttribute	10	Requests only, type: QMetaType::QByteArray Holds the value for the custom HTTP verb to send (destined for usage of other verbs than GET, POST, PUT and DELETE). This verb is set when calling QNetworkAccessManager::sendCustomRequest().
QNetworkRequest::CookieLoadControlAttribute	11	Requests only, type: QMetaType::Int (default: QNetworkRequest::Automatic) Indicates whether to send 'Cookie' headers in the request. This attribute is set to false by Qt WebKit when creating a cross-origin XMLHttpRequest where withCredentials has not been set explicitly to true by the Javascript that created the request. See here for more information. (This value was introduced in 4.7.)
QNetworkRequest::CookieSaveControlAttribute	13	Requests only, type: QMetaType::Int (default: QNetworkRequest::Automatic) Indicates whether to save 'Cookie' headers received from the server in reply to the request. This attribute is set to false by Qt WebKit when creating a cross-origin XMLHttpRequest where withCredentials has not been set explicitly to true by the Javascript that created the request. See here for more information. (This value was introduced in 4.7.)
QNetworkRequest::AuthenticationReuseAttribute	12	Requests only, type: QMetaType::Int (default: QNetworkRequest::Automatic) Indicates whether to use cached authorization credentials in the request, if available. If this is set to QNetworkRequest::Manual and the authentication mechanism is 'Basic' or 'Digest', Qt will not send an an 'Authorization' HTTP header with any cached credentials it may have for the request's URL. This attribute is set to QNetworkRequest::Manual by Qt WebKit when creating a cross-origin XMLHttpRequest where withCredentials has not been set explicitly to true by the Javascript that created the request. See here for more information. (This value was introduced in 4.7.)
QNetworkRequest::BackgroundRequestAttribute	17	Type: QMetaType::Bool (default: false) Indicates that this is a background transfer, rather than a user initiated transfer. Depending on the platform, background transfers may be subject to different policies.
QNetworkRequest::Http2AllowedAttribute	19	Requests only, type: QMetaType::Bool (default: true) Indicates whether the QNetworkAccessManager code is allowed to use HTTP/2 with this request. This applies to SSL requests or 'cleartext' HTTP/2.
QNetworkRequest::Http2WasUsedAttribute	20	Replies only, type: QMetaType::Bool (default: false) Indicates whether HTTP/2 was used for receiving this reply. (This value was introduced in 5.9.)
QNetworkRequest::EmitAllUploadProgressSignalsAttribute	18	Requests only, type: QMetaType::Bool (default: false) Indicates whether all upload signals should be emitted. By default, the uploadProgress signal is emitted only in 100 millisecond intervals. (This value was introduced in 5.5.)
QNetworkRequest::OriginalContentLengthAttribute	21	Replies only, type QMetaType::Int Holds the original content-length attribute before being invalidated and removed from the header when the data is compressed and the request was marked to be decompressed automatically. (This value was introduced in 5.9.)
QNetworkRequest::RedirectPolicyAttribute	22	Requests only, type: QMetaType::Int, should be one of the QNetworkRequest::RedirectPolicy values (default: NoLessSafeRedirectPolicy). (This value was introduced in 5.9.)
QNetworkRequest::Http2DirectAttribute	23	Requests only, type: QMetaType::Bool (default: false) If set, this attribute will force QNetworkAccessManager to use HTTP/2 protocol without initial HTTP/2 protocol negotiation. Use of this attribute implies prior knowledge that a particular server supports HTTP/2. The attribute works with SSL or 'cleartext' HTTP/2. If a server turns out to not support HTTP/2, when HTTP/2 direct was specified, QNetworkAccessManager gives up, without attempting to fall back to HTTP/1.1. If both Http2AllowedAttribute and Http2DirectAttribute are set, Http2DirectAttribute takes priority. (This value was introduced in 5.11.)
QNetworkRequest::AutoDeleteReplyOnFinishAttribute	25	Requests only, type: QMetaType::Bool (default: false) If set, this attribute will make QNetworkAccessManager delete the QNetworkReply after having emitted "finished". (This value was introduced in 5.14.)
QNetworkRequest::User	1000	Special type. Additional information can be passed in QVariants with types ranging from User to UserMax. The default implementation of Network Access will ignore any request attributes in this range and it will not produce any attributes in this range in replies. The range is reserved for extensions of QNetworkAccessManager.
QNetworkRequest::UserMax	32767	Special type. See User.

enum QNetworkRequest::CacheLoadControl

Controls the caching mechanism of QNetworkAccessManager.

Constant	Value	Description
QNetworkRequest::AlwaysNetwork	0	always load from network and do not check if the cache has a valid entry (similar to the "Reload" feature in browsers); in addition, force intermediate caches to re-validate.
QNetworkRequest::PreferNetwork	1	default value; load from the network if the cached entry is older than the network entry. This will never return stale data from the cache, but revalidate resources that have become stale.
QNetworkRequest::PreferCache	2	load from cache if available, otherwise load from network. Note that this can return possibly stale (but not expired) items from cache.
QNetworkRequest::AlwaysCache	3	only load from cache, indicating error if the item was not cached (i.e., off-line mode)

enum QNetworkRequest::KnownHeaders

List of known header types that QNetworkRequest parses. Each known header is also represented in raw form with its full HTTP name.

Constant	Value	Description
QNetworkRequest::ContentDispositionHeader	6	Corresponds to the HTTP Content-Disposition header and contains a string containing the disposition type (for instance, attachment) and a parameter (for instance, filename).
QNetworkRequest::ContentTypeHeader	0	Corresponds to the HTTP Content-Type header and contains a string containing the media (MIME) type and any auxiliary data (for instance, charset).
QNetworkRequest::ContentLengthHeader	1	Corresponds to the HTTP Content-Length header and contains the length in bytes of the data transmitted.
QNetworkRequest::LocationHeader	2	Corresponds to the HTTP Location header and contains a URL representing the actual location of the data, including the destination URL in case of redirections.
QNetworkRequest::LastModifiedHeader	3	Corresponds to the HTTP Last-Modified header and contains a QDateTime representing the last modification date of the contents.
QNetworkRequest::IfModifiedSinceHeader	9	Corresponds to the HTTP If-Modified-Since header and contains a QDateTime. It is usually added to a QNetworkRequest. The server shall send a 304 (Not Modified) response if the resource has not changed since this time.
QNetworkRequest::ETagHeader	10	Corresponds to the HTTP ETag header and contains a QString representing the last modification state of the contents.
QNetworkRequest::IfMatchHeader	11	Corresponds to the HTTP If-Match header and contains a QStringList. It is usually added to a QNetworkRequest. The server shall send a 412 (Precondition Failed) response if the resource does not match.
QNetworkRequest::IfNoneMatchHeader	12	Corresponds to the HTTP If-None-Match header and contains a QStringList. It is usually added to a QNetworkRequest. The server shall send a 304 (Not Modified) response if the resource does match.
QNetworkRequest::CookieHeader	4	Corresponds to the HTTP Cookie header and contains a QList<QNetworkCookie> representing the cookies to be sent back to the server.
QNetworkRequest::SetCookieHeader	5	Corresponds to the HTTP Set-Cookie header and contains a QList<QNetworkCookie> representing the cookies sent by the server to be stored locally.
QNetworkRequest::UserAgentHeader	7	The User-Agent header sent by HTTP clients.
QNetworkRequest::ServerHeader	8	The Server header received by HTTP clients.

See also header(), setHeader(), rawHeader(), and setRawHeader().

enum QNetworkRequest::LoadControl

Indicates if an aspect of the request's loading mechanism has been manually overridden, e.g. by Qt WebKit.

Constant	Value	Description
QNetworkRequest::Automatic	0	default value: indicates default behaviour.
QNetworkRequest::Manual	1	indicates behaviour has been manually overridden.

enum QNetworkRequest::Priority

This enum lists the possible network request priorities.

Constant	Value	Description
QNetworkRequest::HighPriority	1	High priority
QNetworkRequest::NormalPriority	3	Normal priority
QNetworkRequest::LowPriority	5	Low priority

[since 5.9] enum QNetworkRequest::RedirectPolicy

Indicates whether the Network Access API should automatically follow a HTTP redirect response or not.

Constant	Value	Description
QNetworkRequest::ManualRedirectPolicy	0	Not following any redirects.
QNetworkRequest::NoLessSafeRedirectPolicy	1	Default value: Only "http"->"http", "http" -> "https" or "https" -> "https" redirects are allowed.
QNetworkRequest::SameOriginRedirectPolicy	2	Require the same protocol, host and port. Note, http://example.com and http://example.com:80 will fail with this policy (implicit/explicit ports are considered to be a mismatch).
QNetworkRequest::UserVerifiedRedirectPolicy	3	Client decides whether to follow each redirect by handling the redirected() signal, emitting redirectAllowed() on the QNetworkReply object to allow the redirect or aborting/finishing it to reject the redirect. This can be used, for example, to ask the user whether to accept the redirect, or to decide based on some app-specific configuration.

This enum was introduced or modified in Qt 5.9.

[since 5.15] enum QNetworkRequest::TransferTimeoutConstant

A constant that can be used for enabling transfer timeouts with a preset value.

Constant	Value	Description
QNetworkRequest::DefaultTransferTimeoutConstant	30000	The transfer timeout in milliseconds. Used if setTimeout() is called without an argument.

This enum was introduced or modified in Qt 5.15.

Member Function Documentation

QNetworkRequest::QNetworkRequest(const QNetworkRequest &other)

Creates a copy of other.

QNetworkRequest::QNetworkRequest(const QUrl &url)

Constructs a QNetworkRequest object with url as the URL to be requested.

See also url() and setUrl().

QNetworkRequest::QNetworkRequest()

Constructs a QNetworkRequest object with no URL to be requested. Use setUrl() to set one.

See also url() and setUrl().

QNetworkRequest &QNetworkRequest::operator=(const QNetworkRequest &other)

Creates a copy of other

QNetworkRequest::~QNetworkRequest()

Disposes of the QNetworkRequest object.

QVariant QNetworkRequest::attribute(QNetworkRequest::Attribute code, const QVariant &defaultValue = QVariant()) const

Returns the attribute associated with the code code. If the attribute has not been set, it returns defaultValue.

See also setAttribute() and QNetworkRequest::Attribute.

[since 6.2] qint64 QNetworkRequest::decompressedSafetyCheckThreshold() const

Returns the threshold for archive bomb checks.

If the decompressed size of a reply is smaller than this, Qt will simply decompress it, without further checking.

This function was introduced in Qt 6.2.

See also setDecompressedSafetyCheckThreshold().

bool QNetworkRequest::hasRawHeader(const QByteArray &headerName) const

Returns true if the raw header headerName is present in this network request.

See also rawHeader() and setRawHeader().

QVariant QNetworkRequest::header(QNetworkRequest::KnownHeaders header) const

Returns the value of the known network header header if it is present in this request. If it is not present, returns QVariant() (i.e., an invalid variant).

See also KnownHeaders, rawHeader(), and setHeader().

[since 5.14] QHttp2Configuration QNetworkRequest::http2Configuration() const

Returns the current parameters that QNetworkAccessManager is using for this request and its underlying HTTP/2 connection. This is either a configuration previously set by an application or a default configuration.

The default values that QNetworkAccessManager is using are:

• Window size for connection-level flowcontrol is 2147483647 octets
• Window size for stream-level flowcontrol is 21474836 octets
• Max frame size is 16384

By default, server push is disabled, Huffman compression and string indexing are enabled.

This function was introduced in Qt 5.14.

See also setHttp2Configuration.

[since 5.6] int QNetworkRequest::maximumRedirectsAllowed() const

Returns the maximum number of redirects allowed to be followed for this request.

This function was introduced in Qt 5.6.

See also setMaximumRedirectsAllowed().

QObject *QNetworkRequest::originatingObject() const

Returns a reference to the object that initiated this network request; returns nullptr if not set or the object has been destroyed.

See also setOriginatingObject().

[since 5.13] QString QNetworkRequest::peerVerifyName() const

Returns the host name set for the certificate validation, as set by setPeerVerifyName. By default this returns a null string.

This function was introduced in Qt 5.13.

See also setPeerVerifyName.

QNetworkRequest::Priority QNetworkRequest::priority() const

Return the priority of this request.

See also setPriority().

QByteArray QNetworkRequest::rawHeader(const QByteArray &headerName) const

Returns the raw form of header headerName. If no such header is present, an empty QByteArray is returned, which may be indistinguishable from a header that is present but has no content (use hasRawHeader() to find out if the header exists or not).

Raw headers can be set with setRawHeader() or with setHeader().

See also header() and setRawHeader().

QList<QByteArray> QNetworkRequest::rawHeaderList() const

Returns a list of all raw headers that are set in this network request. The list is in the order that the headers were set.

See also hasRawHeader() and rawHeader().

void QNetworkRequest::setAttribute(QNetworkRequest::Attribute code, const QVariant &value)

Sets the attribute associated with code code to be value value. If the attribute is already set, the previous value is discarded. In special, if value is an invalid QVariant, the attribute is unset.

See also attribute() and QNetworkRequest::Attribute.

[since 6.2] void QNetworkRequest::setDecompressedSafetyCheckThreshold(qint64 threshold)

Sets the threshold for archive bomb checks.

Some supported compression algorithms can, in a tiny compressed file, encode a spectacularly huge decompressed file. This is only possible if the decompressed content is extremely monotonous, which is seldom the case for real files being transmitted in good faith: files exercising such insanely high compression ratios are typically payloads of buffer-overrun attacks, or denial-of-service (by using up too much memory) attacks. Consequently, files that decompress to huge sizes, particularly from tiny compressed forms, are best rejected as suspected malware.

If a reply's decompressed size is bigger than this threshold (by default, 10 MiB, i.e. 10 * 1024 * 1024), Qt will check the compression ratio: if that is unreasonably large (40:1 for GZip and Deflate, or 100:1 for Brotli and ZStandard), the reply will be treated as an error. Setting the threshold to -1 disables this check.

This function was introduced in Qt 6.2.

See also decompressedSafetyCheckThreshold().

void QNetworkRequest::setHeader(QNetworkRequest::KnownHeaders header, const QVariant &value)

Sets the value of the known header header to be value, overriding any previously set headers. This operation also sets the equivalent raw HTTP header.

See also KnownHeaders, setRawHeader(), and header().

[since 5.14] void QNetworkRequest::setHttp2Configuration(const QHttp2Configuration &configuration)

Sets request's HTTP/2 parameters from configuration.

This function was introduced in Qt 5.14.

See also http2Configuration, QNetworkAccessManager, and QHttp2Configuration.

[since 5.6] void QNetworkRequest::setMaximumRedirectsAllowed(int maxRedirectsAllowed)

Sets the maximum number of redirects allowed to be followed for this request to maxRedirectsAllowed.

This function was introduced in Qt 5.6.

See also maximumRedirectsAllowed().

void QNetworkRequest::setOriginatingObject(QObject *object)

Allows setting a reference to the object initiating the request.

For example Qt WebKit sets the originating object to the QWebFrame that initiated the request.

See also originatingObject().

[since 5.13] void QNetworkRequest::setPeerVerifyName(const QString &peerName)

Sets peerName as host name for the certificate validation, instead of the one used for the TCP connection.

This function was introduced in Qt 5.13.

See also peerVerifyName.

void QNetworkRequest::setPriority(QNetworkRequest::Priority priority)

Set the priority of this request to priority.

See also priority().

void QNetworkRequest::setRawHeader(const QByteArray &headerName, const QByteArray &headerValue)

Sets the header headerName to be of value headerValue. If headerName corresponds to a known header (see QNetworkRequest::KnownHeaders), the raw format will be parsed and the corresponding "cooked" header will be set as well.

For example:

request.setRawHeader(QByteArray("Last-Modified"), QByteArray("Sun, 06 Nov 1994 08:49:37 GMT"));

will also set the known header LastModifiedHeader to be the QDateTime object of the parsed date.

See also KnownHeaders, setHeader(), hasRawHeader(), and rawHeader().

void QNetworkRequest::setSslConfiguration(const QSslConfiguration &config)

Sets this network request's SSL configuration to be config. The settings that apply are the private key, the local certificate, the SSL protocol (SSLv2, SSLv3, TLSv1.0 where applicable), the CA certificates and the ciphers that the SSL backend is allowed to use.

See also sslConfiguration() and QSslConfiguration::defaultConfiguration().

[since 5.15] void QNetworkRequest::setTransferTimeout(int timeout = DefaultTransferTimeoutConstant)

Sets timeout as the transfer timeout in milliseconds.

Transfers are aborted if no bytes are transferred before the timeout expires. Zero means no timer is set. If no argument is provided, the timeout is QNetworkRequest::DefaultTransferTimeoutConstant. If this function is not called, the timeout is disabled and has the value zero.

This function was introduced in Qt 5.15.

See also transferTimeout.

void QNetworkRequest::setUrl(const QUrl &url)

Sets the URL this network request is referring to be url.

See also url().

QSslConfiguration QNetworkRequest::sslConfiguration() const

Returns this network request's SSL configuration. By default this is the same as QSslConfiguration::defaultConfiguration().

See also setSslConfiguration() and QSslConfiguration::defaultConfiguration().

[since 5.0] void QNetworkRequest::swap(QNetworkRequest &other)

Swaps this network request with other. This function is very fast and never fails.

This function was introduced in Qt 5.0.

[since 5.15] int QNetworkRequest::transferTimeout() const

Returns the timeout used for transfers, in milliseconds.

This timeout is zero if setTransferTimeout hasn't been called, which means that the timeout is not used.

This function was introduced in Qt 5.15.

See also setTransferTimeout.

QUrl QNetworkRequest::url() const

Returns the URL this network request is referring to.

See also setUrl().

bool QNetworkRequest::operator!=(const QNetworkRequest &other) const

Returns false if this object is not the same as other.

See also operator==().

bool QNetworkRequest::operator==(const QNetworkRequest &other) const

Returns true if this object is the same as other (i.e., if they have the same URL, same headers and same meta-data settings).

See also operator!=().