Resolv::DNS is a DNS stub resolver.
Information taken from the following places:
STD0013
RFC 1035
etc.
# File lib/resolv.rb, line 329 def initialize(config_info=nil) @mutex = Thread::Mutex.new @config = Config.new(config_info) @initialized = nil end
Creates a new DNS resolver.
config_info can be:
Uses /etc/resolv.conf.
String Path to a file using /etc/resolv.conf's format.
Hash Must contain :nameserver, :search and :ndots keys.
:nameserver_port can be used to specify port number of nameserver address.
The value of :nameserver should be an address string or an array of address strings.
:nameserver => '8.8.8.8'
:nameserver => ['8.8.8.8', '8.8.4.4']
The value of :nameserver_port should be an array of pair of nameserver address and port number.
:nameserver_port => [['8.8.8.8', 53], ['8.8.4.4', 53]]
Example:
Resolv::DNS.new(:nameserver => ['210.251.121.21'],
                :search => ['ruby-lang.org'],
                :ndots => 1)
  # File lib/resolv.rb, line 294
def self.open(*args)
  dns = new(*args)
  return dns unless block_given?
  begin
    yield dns
  ensure
    dns.close
  end
end Creates a new DNS resolver. See Resolv::DNS.new for argument details.
Yields the created DNS resolver to the block, if given, otherwise returns it.
# File lib/resolv.rb, line 363
def close
  @mutex.synchronize {
    if @initialized
      @initialized = false
    end
  }
end Closes the DNS resolver.
# File lib/resolv.rb, line 401
def each_address(name)
  each_resource(name, Resource::IN::A) {|resource| yield resource.address}
  if use_ipv6?
    each_resource(name, Resource::IN::AAAA) {|resource| yield resource.address}
  end
end Iterates over all IP addresses for name retrieved from the DNS resolver.
name can be a Resolv::DNS::Name or a String. Retrieved addresses will be a Resolv::IPv4 or Resolv::IPv6
# File lib/resolv.rb, line 448
def each_name(address)
  case address
  when Name
    ptr = address
  when IPv4, IPv6
    ptr = address.to_name
  when IPv4::Regex
    ptr = IPv4.create(address).to_name
  when IPv6::Regex
    ptr = IPv6.create(address).to_name
  else
    raise ResolvError.new("cannot interpret as address: #{address}")
  end
  each_resource(ptr, Resource::IN::PTR) {|resource| yield resource.name}
end Iterates over all hostnames for address retrieved from the DNS resolver.
address must be a Resolv::IPv4, Resolv::IPv6 or a String. Retrieved names will be Resolv::DNS::Name instances.
# File lib/resolv.rb, line 506
def each_resource(name, typeclass, &proc)
  fetch_resource(name, typeclass) {|reply, reply_name|
    extract_resources(reply, reply_name, typeclass, &proc)
  }
end Iterates over all typeclass DNS resources for name. See getresource for argument details.
# File lib/resolv.rb, line 512
def fetch_resource(name, typeclass)
  lazy_initialize
  begin
    requester = make_udp_requester
  rescue Errno::EACCES
    # fall back to TCP
  end
  senders = {}
  begin
    @config.resolv(name) {|candidate, tout, nameserver, port|
      requester ||= make_tcp_requester(nameserver, port)
      msg = Message.new
      msg.rd = 1
      msg.add_question(candidate, typeclass)
      unless sender = senders[[candidate, nameserver, port]]
        sender = requester.sender(msg, candidate, nameserver, port)
        next if !sender
        senders[[candidate, nameserver, port]] = sender
      end
      reply, reply_name = requester.request(sender, tout)
      case reply.rcode
      when RCode::NoError
        if reply.tc == 1 and not Requester::TCP === requester
          requester.close
          # Retry via TCP:
          requester = make_tcp_requester(nameserver, port)
          senders = {}
          # This will use TCP for all remaining candidates (assuming the
          # current candidate does not already respond successfully via
          # TCP).  This makes sense because we already know the full
          # response will not fit in an untruncated UDP packet.
          redo
        else
          yield(reply, reply_name)
        end
        return
      when RCode::NXDomain
        raise Config::NXDomain.new(reply_name.to_s)
      else
        raise Config::OtherResolvError.new(reply_name.to_s)
      end
    }
  ensure
    requester&.close
  end
end # File lib/resolv.rb, line 377
def getaddress(name)
  each_address(name) {|address| return address}
  raise ResolvError.new("DNS result has no information for #{name}")
end Gets the IP address of name from the DNS resolver.
name can be a Resolv::DNS::Name or a String. Retrieved address will be a Resolv::IPv4 or Resolv::IPv6
# File lib/resolv.rb, line 388
def getaddresses(name)
  ret = []
  each_address(name) {|address| ret << address}
  return ret
end Gets all IP addresses for name from the DNS resolver.
name can be a Resolv::DNS::Name or a String. Retrieved addresses will be a Resolv::IPv4 or Resolv::IPv6
# File lib/resolv.rb, line 424
def getname(address)
  each_name(address) {|name| return name}
  raise ResolvError.new("DNS result has no information for #{address}")
end Gets the hostname for address from the DNS resolver.
address must be a Resolv::IPv4, Resolv::IPv6 or a String. Retrieved name will be a Resolv::DNS::Name.
# File lib/resolv.rb, line 435
def getnames(address)
  ret = []
  each_name(address) {|name| ret << name}
  return ret
end Gets all hostnames for address from the DNS resolver.
address must be a Resolv::IPv4, Resolv::IPv6 or a String. Retrieved names will be Resolv::DNS::Name instances.
# File lib/resolv.rb, line 487
def getresource(name, typeclass)
  each_resource(name, typeclass) {|resource| return resource}
  raise ResolvError.new("DNS result has no information for #{name}")
end Look up the typeclass DNS resource of name.
name must be a Resolv::DNS::Name or a String.
typeclass should be one of the following:
Resolv::DNS::Resource::IN::ANY
Resolv::DNS::Resource::IN::CNAME
Resolv::DNS::Resource::IN::HINFO
Resolv::DNS::Resource::IN::MINFO
Resolv::DNS::Resource::IN::MX
Resolv::DNS::Resource::IN::NS
Resolv::DNS::Resource::IN::PTR
Resolv::DNS::Resource::IN::SOA
Resolv::DNS::Resource::IN::TXT
Returned resource is represented as a Resolv::DNS::Resource instance, i.e. Resolv::DNS::Resource::IN::A.
# File lib/resolv.rb, line 496
def getresources(name, typeclass)
  ret = []
  each_resource(name, typeclass) {|resource| ret << resource}
  return ret
end Looks up all typeclass DNS resources for name. See getresource for argument details.
# File lib/resolv.rb, line 346 def timeouts=(values) @config.timeouts = values end
Sets the resolver timeouts. This may be a single positive number or an array of positive numbers representing timeouts in seconds. If an array is specified, a DNS request will retry and wait for each successive interval in the array until a successful response is received. Specifying nil reverts to the default timeouts:
Example:
dns.timeouts = 3
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