Return type involving a trait did not require 'static lifetime.
Erroneous code examples:
#![allow(unused)]
fn main() {
use std::fmt::Debug;
fn foo(x: &i32) -> impl Debug { // error!
x
}
fn bar(x: &i32) -> Box<dyn Debug> { // error!
Box::new(x)
}
} Add 'static requirement to fix them:
#![allow(unused)]
fn main() {
use std::fmt::Debug;
fn foo(x: &'static i32) -> impl Debug + 'static { // ok!
x
}
fn bar(x: &'static i32) -> Box<dyn Debug + 'static> { // ok!
Box::new(x)
}
} Both dyn Trait and impl Trait in return types have an implicit 'static requirement, meaning that the value implementing them that is being returned has to be either a 'static borrow or an owned value.
In order to change the requirement from 'static to be a lifetime derived from its arguments, you can add an explicit bound, either to an anonymous lifetime '_ or some appropriate named lifetime.
#![allow(unused)]
fn main() {
use std::fmt::Debug;
fn foo(x: &i32) -> impl Debug + '_ {
x
}
fn bar(x: &i32) -> Box<dyn Debug + '_> {
Box::new(x)
}
} These are equivalent to the following explicit lifetime annotations:
#![allow(unused)]
fn main() {
use std::fmt::Debug;
fn foo<'a>(x: &'a i32) -> impl Debug + 'a {
x
}
fn bar<'a>(x: &'a i32) -> Box<dyn Debug + 'a> {
Box::new(x)
}
}
© 2010 The Rust Project Developers
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 or the MIT license, at your option.
https://doc.rust-lang.org/error_codes/E0759.html