tf.keras.layers.Conv2D

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2D convolution layer (e.g. spatial convolution over images).

Inherits From: Layer, Module

View aliases

Main aliases

tf.keras.layers.Convolution2D

Compat aliases for migration

See Migration guide for more details.

tf.compat.v1.keras.layers.Conv2D, tf.compat.v1.keras.layers.Convolution2D

tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(
    filters, kernel_size, strides=(1, 1), padding='valid',
    data_format=None, dilation_rate=(1, 1), groups=1, activation=None,
    use_bias=True, kernel_initializer='glorot_uniform',
    bias_initializer='zeros', kernel_regularizer=None,
    bias_regularizer=None, activity_regularizer=None, kernel_constraint=None,
    bias_constraint=None, **kwargs
)

This layer creates a convolution kernel that is convolved with the layer input to produce a tensor of outputs. If use_bias is True, a bias vector is created and added to the outputs. Finally, if activation is not None, it is applied to the outputs as well.

When using this layer as the first layer in a model, provide the keyword argument input_shape (tuple of integers, does not include the sample axis), e.g. input_shape=(128, 128, 3) for 128x128 RGB pictures in data_format="channels_last".

Examples:

# The inputs are 28x28 RGB images with `channels_last` and the batch
# size is 4.
input_shape = (4, 28, 28, 3)
x = tf.random.normal(input_shape)
y = tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(
2, 3, activation='relu', input_shape=input_shape[1:])(x)
print(y.shape)
(4, 26, 26, 2)

# With `dilation_rate` as 2.
input_shape = (4, 28, 28, 3)
x = tf.random.normal(input_shape)
y = tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(
2, 3, activation='relu', dilation_rate=2, input_shape=input_shape[1:])(x)
print(y.shape)
(4, 24, 24, 2)

# With `padding` as "same".
input_shape = (4, 28, 28, 3)
x = tf.random.normal(input_shape)
y = tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(
2, 3, activation='relu', padding="same", input_shape=input_shape[1:])(x)
print(y.shape)
(4, 28, 28, 2)

# With extended batch shape [4, 7]:
input_shape = (4, 7, 28, 28, 3)
x = tf.random.normal(input_shape)
y = tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(
2, 3, activation='relu', input_shape=input_shape[2:])(x)
print(y.shape)
(4, 7, 26, 26, 2)

Arguments
filters	Integer, the dimensionality of the output space (i.e. the number of output filters in the convolution).
kernel_size	An integer or tuple/list of 2 integers, specifying the height and width of the 2D convolution window. Can be a single integer to specify the same value for all spatial dimensions.
strides	An integer or tuple/list of 2 integers, specifying the strides of the convolution along the height and width. Can be a single integer to specify the same value for all spatial dimensions. Specifying any stride value != 1 is incompatible with specifying any dilation_rate value != 1.
padding	one of "valid" or "same" (case-insensitive). "valid" means no padding. "same" results in padding evenly to the left/right or up/down of the input such that output has the same height/width dimension as the input.
data_format	A string, one of channels_last (default) or channels_first. The ordering of the dimensions in the inputs. channels_last corresponds to inputs with shape (batch_size, height, width, channels) while channels_first corresponds to inputs with shape (batch_size, channels, height, width). It defaults to the image_data_format value found in your Keras config file at ~/.keras/keras.json. If you never set it, then it will be channels_last.
dilation_rate	an integer or tuple/list of 2 integers, specifying the dilation rate to use for dilated convolution. Can be a single integer to specify the same value for all spatial dimensions. Currently, specifying any dilation_rate value != 1 is incompatible with specifying any stride value != 1.
groups	A positive integer specifying the number of groups in which the input is split along the channel axis. Each group is convolved separately with filters / groups filters. The output is the concatenation of all the groups results along the channel axis. Input channels and filters must both be divisible by groups.
activation	Activation function to use. If you don't specify anything, no activation is applied (see keras.activations).
use_bias	Boolean, whether the layer uses a bias vector.
kernel_initializer	Initializer for the kernel weights matrix (see keras.initializers).
bias_initializer	Initializer for the bias vector (see keras.initializers).
kernel_regularizer	Regularizer function applied to the kernel weights matrix (see keras.regularizers).
bias_regularizer	Regularizer function applied to the bias vector (see keras.regularizers).
activity_regularizer	Regularizer function applied to the output of the layer (its "activation") (see keras.regularizers).
kernel_constraint	Constraint function applied to the kernel matrix (see keras.constraints).
bias_constraint	Constraint function applied to the bias vector (see keras.constraints).

Input shape:

4+D tensor with shape: batch_shape + (channels, rows, cols) if data_format='channels_first' or 4+D tensor with shape: batch_shape + (rows, cols, channels) if data_format='channels_last'.

Output shape:

4+D tensor with shape: batch_shape + (filters, new_rows, new_cols) if data_format='channels_first' or 4+D tensor with shape: batch_shape + (new_rows, new_cols, filters) if data_format='channels_last'. rows and cols values might have changed due to padding.

Returns
A tensor of rank 4+ representing activation(conv2d(inputs, kernel) + bias).

Raises
ValueError	if padding is "causal".
ValueError	when both strides > 1 and dilation_rate > 1.