Initializes and connects the WordPress Filesystem Abstraction classes.

Description

This function will include the chosen transport and attempt connecting.

Plugins may add extra transports, And force WordPress to use them by returning the filename via the ‘filesystem_method_file’ filter.

Parameters

$argsarray|falseoptional

Connection args, These are passed directly to the WP_Filesystem_*() classes.

Default:false

$contextstring|falseoptional

Context for get_filesystem_method() .

More Arguments from get_filesystem_method( … $context )

Full path to the directory that is tested for being writable.

Default:false

$allow_relaxed_file_ownershipbooloptional

Whether to allow Group/World writable.

Default:false

Return

More Information

If no parameters are specified, the “direct” method is used. The method is determined using the get_filesystem_method() function.

One of the initial challenges for developers using the WP Filesystem API is you cannot initialize it just anywhere. The request_filesystem_credentials() function isn’t available until AFTER the wp_loaded action hook, and is only included in the admin area. One of the earliest hooks you can utilize is admin_init.

Filesystem API on Common APIs Handbook:
https://developer.wordpress.org/apis/handbook/filesystem/

Filesystem API Class Reference:
Class: WP_Filesystem_Base
Class: WP_Filesystem_Direct
Class: WP_Filesystem_FTPext
Class: WP_Filesystem_ftpsocket
Class: WP_Filesystem_SSH2

Source

function WP_Filesystem( $args = false, $context = false, $allow_relaxed_file_ownership = false ) { // phpcs:ignore WordPress.NamingConventions.ValidFunctionName.FunctionNameInvalid
	global $wp_filesystem;

	require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/class-wp-filesystem-base.php';

	$method = get_filesystem_method( $args, $context, $allow_relaxed_file_ownership );

	if ( ! $method ) {
		return false;
	}

	if ( ! class_exists( "WP_Filesystem_$method" ) ) {

		/**
		 * Filters the path for a specific filesystem method class file.
		 *
		 * @since 2.6.0
		 *
		 * @see get_filesystem_method()
		 *
		 * @param string $path   Path to the specific filesystem method class file.
		 * @param string $method The filesystem method to use.
		 */
		$abstraction_file = apply_filters( 'filesystem_method_file', ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/class-wp-filesystem-' . $method . '.php', $method );

		if ( ! file_exists( $abstraction_file ) ) {
			return;
		}

		require_once $abstraction_file;
	}
	$method = "WP_Filesystem_$method";

	$wp_filesystem = new $method( $args );

	/*
	 * Define the timeouts for the connections. Only available after the constructor is called
	 * to allow for per-transport overriding of the default.
	 */
	if ( ! defined( 'FS_CONNECT_TIMEOUT' ) ) {
		define( 'FS_CONNECT_TIMEOUT', 30 ); // 30 seconds.
	}
	if ( ! defined( 'FS_TIMEOUT' ) ) {
		define( 'FS_TIMEOUT', 30 ); // 30 seconds.
	}

	if ( is_wp_error( $wp_filesystem->errors ) && $wp_filesystem->errors->has_errors() ) {
		return false;
	}

	if ( ! $wp_filesystem->connect() ) {
		return false; // There was an error connecting to the server.
	}

	// Set the permission constants if not already set.
	if ( ! defined( 'FS_CHMOD_DIR' ) ) {
		define( 'FS_CHMOD_DIR', ( fileperms( ABSPATH ) & 0777 | 0755 ) );
	}
	if ( ! defined( 'FS_CHMOD_FILE' ) ) {
		define( 'FS_CHMOD_FILE', ( fileperms( ABSPATH . 'index.php' ) & 0777 | 0644 ) );
	}

	return true;
}

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Hooks

apply_filters( ‘filesystem_method_file’, string $path, string $method )

Filters the path for a specific filesystem method class file.

Changelog