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wp_schedule_single_event( int $timestamp, string $hook, array $args = array() )

Schedules an event to run only once.

Description

Schedules a hook which will be triggered by WordPress at the specified time. The action will trigger when someone visits your WordPress site if the scheduled time has passed.

Note that scheduling an event to occur within 10 minutes of an existing event with the same action hook will be ignored unless you pass unique $args values for each scheduled event.

Use wp_next_scheduled() to prevent duplicate events.

Use wp_schedule_event() to schedule a recurring event.

Parameters

$timestamp

(int) (Required) Unix timestamp (UTC) for when to next run the event.

$hook

(string) (Required) Action hook to execute when the event is run.

$args

(array) (Optional) Array containing each separate argument to pass to the hook's callback function.

Default value: array()

Return

(bool) True if event successfully scheduled. False for failure.

Source

File: wp-includes/cron.php

function wp_schedule_single_event( $timestamp, $hook, $args = array() ) {
	// Make sure timestamp is a positive integer.
	if ( ! is_numeric( $timestamp ) || $timestamp <= 0 ) {
		return false;
	}

	$event = (object) array(
		'hook'      => $hook,
		'timestamp' => $timestamp,
		'schedule'  => false,
		'args'      => $args,
	);

	/**
	 * Filter to preflight or hijack scheduling an event.
	 *
	 * Returning a non-null value will short-circuit adding the event to the
	 * cron array, causing the function to return the filtered value instead.
	 *
	 * Both single events and recurring events are passed through this filter;
	 * single events have `$event->schedule` as false, whereas recurring events
	 * have this set to a recurrence from wp_get_schedules(). Recurring
	 * events also have the integer recurrence interval set as `$event->interval`.
	 *
	 * For plugins replacing wp-cron, it is recommended you check for an
	 * identical event within ten minutes and apply the {@see 'schedule_event'}
	 * filter to check if another plugin has disallowed the event before scheduling.
	 *
	 * Return true if the event was scheduled, false if not.
	 *
	 * @since 5.1.0
	 *
	 * @param null|bool $pre   Value to return instead. Default null to continue adding the event.
	 * @param stdClass  $event {
	 *     An object containing an event's data.
	 *
	 *     @type string       $hook      Action hook to execute when the event is run.
	 *     @type int          $timestamp Unix timestamp (UTC) for when to next run the event.
	 *     @type string|false $schedule  How often the event should subsequently recur.
	 *     @type array        $args      Array containing each separate argument to pass to the hook's callback function.
	 *     @type int          $interval  The interval time in seconds for the schedule. Only present for recurring events.
	 * }
	 */
	$pre = apply_filters( 'pre_schedule_event', null, $event );
	if ( null !== $pre ) {
		return $pre;
	}

	/*
	 * Check for a duplicated event.
	 *
	 * Don't schedule an event if there's already an identical event
	 * within 10 minutes.
	 *
	 * When scheduling events within ten minutes of the current time,
	 * all past identical events are considered duplicates.
	 *
	 * When scheduling an event with a past timestamp (ie, before the
	 * current time) all events scheduled within the next ten minutes
	 * are considered duplicates.
	 */
	$crons     = (array) _get_cron_array();
	$key       = md5( serialize( $event->args ) );
	$duplicate = false;

	if ( $event->timestamp < time() + 10 * MINUTE_IN_SECONDS ) {
		$min_timestamp = 0;
	} else {
		$min_timestamp = $event->timestamp - 10 * MINUTE_IN_SECONDS;
	}

	if ( $event->timestamp < time() ) {
		$max_timestamp = time() + 10 * MINUTE_IN_SECONDS;
	} else {
		$max_timestamp = $event->timestamp + 10 * MINUTE_IN_SECONDS;
	}

	foreach ( $crons as $event_timestamp => $cron ) {
		if ( $event_timestamp < $min_timestamp ) {
			continue;
		}
		if ( $event_timestamp > $max_timestamp ) {
			break;
		}
		if ( isset( $cron[ $event->hook ][ $key ] ) ) {
			$duplicate = true;
			break;
		}
	}

	if ( $duplicate ) {
		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Modify an event before it is scheduled.
	 *
	 * @since 3.1.0
	 *
	 * @param stdClass|false $event {
	 *     An object containing an event's data, or boolean false to prevent the event from being scheduled.
	 *
	 *     @type string       $hook      Action hook to execute when the event is run.
	 *     @type int          $timestamp Unix timestamp (UTC) for when to next run the event.
	 *     @type string|false $schedule  How often the event should subsequently recur.
	 *     @type array        $args      Array containing each separate argument to pass to the hook's callback function.
	 *     @type int          $interval  The interval time in seconds for the schedule. Only present for recurring events.
	 * }
	 */
	$event = apply_filters( 'schedule_event', $event );

	// A plugin disallowed this event.
	if ( ! $event ) {
		return false;
	}

	$crons[ $event->timestamp ][ $event->hook ][ $key ] = array(
		'schedule' => $event->schedule,
		'args'     => $event->args,
	);
	uksort( $crons, 'strnatcasecmp' );
	return _set_cron_array( $crons );
}

Changelog

Version Description
5.1.0 Return value modified to boolean indicating success or failure, 'pre_schedule_event' filter added to short-circuit the function.
2.1.0 Introduced.

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Licensed under the GNU GPLv2+ License.
https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/wp_schedule_single_event