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Class yii\db\ActiveRecord

Inheritance yii\db\ActiveRecord » yii\db\BaseActiveRecord » yii\base\Model » yii\base\Component » yii\base\Object
Implements ArrayAccess, IteratorAggregate, yii\base\Arrayable, yii\base\Configurable, yii\db\ActiveRecordInterface
Uses Traits yii\base\ArrayableTrait
Available since version 2.0
Source Code https://github.com/yiisoft/yii2/blob/master/framework/db/ActiveRecord.php

ActiveRecord is the base class for classes representing relational data in terms of objects.

Active Record implements the Active Record design pattern. The premise behind Active Record is that an individual yii\db\ActiveRecord object is associated with a specific row in a database table. The object's attributes are mapped to the columns of the corresponding table. Referencing an Active Record attribute is equivalent to accessing the corresponding table column for that record.

As an example, say that the Customer ActiveRecord class is associated with the customer table. This would mean that the class's name attribute is automatically mapped to the name column in customer table. Thanks to Active Record, assuming the variable $customer is an object of type Customer, to get the value of the name column for the table row, you can use the expression $customer->name. In this example, Active Record is providing an object-oriented interface for accessing data stored in the database. But Active Record provides much more functionality than this.

To declare an ActiveRecord class you need to extend yii\db\ActiveRecord and implement the tableName method:

<?php

class Customer extends \yii\db\ActiveRecord
{
    public static function tableName()
    {
        return 'customer';
    }
}

The tableName method only has to return the name of the database table associated with the class.

Tip: You may also use the Gii code generator to generate ActiveRecord classes from your database tables.

Class instances are obtained in one of two ways:

  • Using the new operator to create a new, empty object
  • Using a method to fetch an existing record (or records) from the database

Below is an example showing some typical usage of ActiveRecord:

$user = new User();
$user->name = 'Qiang';
$user->save();  // a new row is inserted into user table

// the following will retrieve the user 'CeBe' from the database
$user = User::find()->where(['name' => 'CeBe'])->one();

// this will get related records from orders table when relation is defined
$orders = $user->orders;

For more details and usage information on ActiveRecord, see the guide article on ActiveRecord.

Public Properties

Property Type Description Defined By
$activeValidators yii\validators\Validator[] The validators applicable to the current $scenario. yii\base\Model
$attributes array Attribute values (name => value). yii\base\Model
$behaviors yii\base\Behavior[] List of behaviors attached to this component yii\base\Component
$dirtyAttributes array The changed attribute values (name-value pairs) yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
$errors array Errors for all attributes or the specified attribute. yii\base\Model
$firstErrors array The first errors. yii\base\Model
$isNewRecord boolean Whether the record is new and should be inserted when calling save(). yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
$iterator ArrayIterator An iterator for traversing the items in the list. yii\base\Model
$oldAttributes array The old attribute values (name-value pairs) yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
$oldPrimaryKey mixed The old primary key value. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
$primaryKey mixed The primary key value. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
$relatedRecords array An array of related records indexed by relation names. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
$scenario string The scenario that this model is in. yii\base\Model
$validators ArrayObject|yii\validators\Validator[] All the validators declared in the model. yii\base\Model

Public Methods

Method Description Defined By
__call() Calls the named method which is not a class method. yii\base\Object
__clone() This method is called after the object is created by cloning an existing one. yii\base\Component
__construct() Constructor. yii\base\Object
__get() PHP getter magic method. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
__isset() Checks if a property value is null. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
__set() PHP setter magic method. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
__unset() Sets a component property to be null. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
activeAttributes() Returns the attribute names that are subject to validation in the current scenario. yii\base\Model
addError() Adds a new error to the specified attribute. yii\base\Model
addErrors() Adds a list of errors. yii\base\Model
afterDelete() This method is invoked after deleting a record. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
afterFind() This method is called when the AR object is created and populated with the query result. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
afterRefresh() This method is called when the AR object is refreshed. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
afterSave() This method is called at the end of inserting or updating a record. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
afterValidate() This method is invoked after validation ends. yii\base\Model
attachBehavior() Attaches a behavior to this component. yii\base\Component
attachBehaviors() Attaches a list of behaviors to the component. yii\base\Component
attributeHints() Returns the attribute hints. yii\base\Model
attributeLabels() Returns the attribute labels. yii\base\Model
attributes() Returns the list of all attribute names of the model. yii\db\ActiveRecord
beforeDelete() This method is invoked before deleting a record. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
beforeSave() This method is called at the beginning of inserting or updating a record. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
beforeValidate() This method is invoked before validation starts. yii\base\Model
behaviors() Returns a list of behaviors that this component should behave as. yii\base\Component
canGetProperty() Returns a value indicating whether a property can be read. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
canSetProperty() Returns a value indicating whether a property can be set. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
className() Returns the fully qualified name of this class. yii\base\Object
clearErrors() Removes errors for all attributes or a single attribute. yii\base\Model
createValidators() Creates validator objects based on the validation rules specified in rules(). yii\base\Model
delete() Deletes the table row corresponding to this active record. yii\db\ActiveRecord
deleteAll() Deletes rows in the table using the provided conditions. yii\db\ActiveRecord
detachBehavior() Detaches a behavior from the component. yii\base\Component
detachBehaviors() Detaches all behaviors from the component. yii\base\Component
ensureBehaviors() Makes sure that the behaviors declared in behaviors() are attached to this component. yii\base\Component
equals() Returns a value indicating whether the given active record is the same as the current one. yii\db\ActiveRecord
extraFields() Returns the list of fields that can be expanded further and returned by toArray(). yii\base\ArrayableTrait
fields() Returns the list of fields that should be returned by default by toArray() when no specific fields are specified. yii\base\ArrayableTrait
find() Creates an yii\db\ActiveQueryInterface instance for query purpose. yii\db\ActiveRecord
findAll() Returns a list of active record models that match the specified primary key value(s) or a set of column values. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
findBySql() Creates an yii\db\ActiveQuery instance with a given SQL statement. yii\db\ActiveRecord
findOne() Returns a single active record model instance by a primary key or an array of column values. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
formName() Returns the form name that this model class should use. yii\base\Model
generateAttributeLabel() Generates a user friendly attribute label based on the give attribute name. yii\base\Model
getActiveValidators() Returns the validators applicable to the current $scenario. yii\base\Model
getAttribute() Returns the named attribute value. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
getAttributeHint() Returns the text hint for the specified attribute. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
getAttributeLabel() Returns the text label for the specified attribute. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
getAttributes() Returns attribute values. yii\base\Model
getBehavior() Returns the named behavior object. yii\base\Component
getBehaviors() Returns all behaviors attached to this component. yii\base\Component
getDb() Returns the database connection used by this AR class. yii\db\ActiveRecord
getDirtyAttributes() Returns the attribute values that have been modified since they are loaded or saved most recently. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
getErrors() Returns the errors for all attributes or a single attribute. yii\base\Model
getFirstError() Returns the first error of the specified attribute. yii\base\Model
getFirstErrors() Returns the first error of every attribute in the model. yii\base\Model
getIsNewRecord() Returns a value indicating whether the current record is new. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
getIterator() Returns an iterator for traversing the attributes in the model. yii\base\Model
getOldAttribute() Returns the old value of the named attribute. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
getOldAttributes() Returns the old attribute values. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
getOldPrimaryKey() Returns the old primary key value(s). yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
getPrimaryKey() Returns the primary key value(s). yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
getRelatedRecords() Returns all populated related records. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
getRelation() Returns the relation object with the specified name. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
getScenario() Returns the scenario that this model is used in. yii\base\Model
getTableSchema() Returns the schema information of the DB table associated with this AR class. yii\db\ActiveRecord
getValidators() Returns all the validators declared in rules(). yii\base\Model
hasAttribute() Returns a value indicating whether the model has an attribute with the specified name. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
hasErrors() Returns a value indicating whether there is any validation error. yii\base\Model
hasEventHandlers() Returns a value indicating whether there is any handler attached to the named event. yii\base\Component
hasMany() Declares a has-many relation. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
hasMethod() Returns a value indicating whether a method is defined. yii\base\Object
hasOne() Declares a has-one relation. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
hasProperty() Returns a value indicating whether a property is defined. yii\base\Object
init() Initializes the object. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
insert() Inserts a row into the associated database table using the attribute values of this record. yii\db\ActiveRecord
instantiate() Creates an active record instance. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
isAttributeActive() Returns a value indicating whether the attribute is active in the current scenario. yii\base\Model
isAttributeChanged() Returns a value indicating whether the named attribute has been changed. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
isAttributeRequired() Returns a value indicating whether the attribute is required. yii\base\Model
isAttributeSafe() Returns a value indicating whether the attribute is safe for massive assignments. yii\base\Model
isPrimaryKey() Returns a value indicating whether the given set of attributes represents the primary key for this model yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
isRelationPopulated() Check whether the named relation has been populated with records. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
isTransactional() Returns a value indicating whether the specified operation is transactional in the current $scenario. yii\db\ActiveRecord
link() Establishes the relationship between two models. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
load() Populates the model with input data. yii\base\Model
loadDefaultValues() Loads default values from database table schema yii\db\ActiveRecord
loadMultiple() Populates a set of models with the data from end user. yii\base\Model
markAttributeDirty() Marks an attribute dirty. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
off() Detaches an existing event handler from this component. yii\base\Component
offsetExists() Returns whether there is an element at the specified offset. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
offsetGet() Returns the element at the specified offset. yii\base\Model
offsetSet() Sets the element at the specified offset. yii\base\Model
offsetUnset() Sets the element value at the specified offset to null. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
on() Attaches an event handler to an event. yii\base\Component
onUnsafeAttribute() This method is invoked when an unsafe attribute is being massively assigned. yii\base\Model
optimisticLock() Returns the name of the column that stores the lock version for implementing optimistic locking. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
populateRecord() Populates an active record object using a row of data from the database/storage. yii\db\ActiveRecord
populateRelation() Populates the named relation with the related records. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
primaryKey() Returns the primary key name(s) for this AR class. yii\db\ActiveRecord
refresh() Repopulates this active record with the latest data. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
rules() Returns the validation rules for attributes. yii\base\Model
safeAttributes() Returns the attribute names that are safe to be massively assigned in the current scenario. yii\base\Model
save() Saves the current record. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
scenarios() Returns a list of scenarios and the corresponding active attributes. yii\base\Model
setAttribute() Sets the named attribute value. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
setAttributes() Sets the attribute values in a massive way. yii\base\Model
setIsNewRecord() Sets the value indicating whether the record is new. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
setOldAttribute() Sets the old value of the named attribute. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
setOldAttributes() Sets the old attribute values. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
setScenario() Sets the scenario for the model. yii\base\Model
tableName() Declares the name of the database table associated with this AR class. yii\db\ActiveRecord
toArray() Converts the model into an array. yii\base\ArrayableTrait
transactions() Declares which DB operations should be performed within a transaction in different scenarios. yii\db\ActiveRecord
trigger() Triggers an event. yii\base\Component
unlink() Destroys the relationship between two models. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
unlinkAll() Destroys the relationship in current model. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
update() Saves the changes to this active record into the associated database table. yii\db\ActiveRecord
updateAll() Updates the whole table using the provided attribute values and conditions. yii\db\ActiveRecord
updateAllCounters() Updates the whole table using the provided counter changes and conditions. yii\db\ActiveRecord
updateAttributes() Updates the specified attributes. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
updateCounters() Updates one or several counter columns for the current AR object. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
validate() Performs the data validation. yii\base\Model
validateMultiple() Validates multiple models. yii\base\Model

Protected Methods

Method Description Defined By
createRelationQuery() Creates a query instance for has-one or has-many relation. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
deleteInternal() Deletes an ActiveRecord without considering transaction. yii\db\ActiveRecord
findByCondition() Finds ActiveRecord instance(s) by the given condition. yii\db\ActiveRecord
insertInternal() Inserts an ActiveRecord into DB without considering transaction. yii\db\ActiveRecord
resolveFields() Determines which fields can be returned by toArray(). yii\base\ArrayableTrait
updateInternal() yii\db\BaseActiveRecord

Events

Event Type Description Defined By
EVENT_AFTER_DELETE yii\base\Event An event that is triggered after a record is deleted. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
EVENT_AFTER_FIND yii\base\Event An event that is triggered after the record is created and populated with query result. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
EVENT_AFTER_INSERT yii\db\AfterSaveEvent An event that is triggered after a record is inserted. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
EVENT_AFTER_REFRESH yii\base\Event An event that is triggered after a record is refreshed. (available since version 2.0.8) yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
EVENT_AFTER_UPDATE yii\db\AfterSaveEvent An event that is triggered after a record is updated. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
EVENT_AFTER_VALIDATE yii\base\Event An event raised at the end of validate() yii\base\Model
EVENT_BEFORE_DELETE yii\base\ModelEvent An event that is triggered before deleting a record. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
EVENT_BEFORE_INSERT yii\base\ModelEvent An event that is triggered before inserting a record. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
EVENT_BEFORE_UPDATE yii\base\ModelEvent An event that is triggered before updating a record. yii\db\BaseActiveRecord
EVENT_BEFORE_VALIDATE yii\base\ModelEvent An event raised at the beginning of validate(). yii\base\Model
EVENT_INIT yii\base\Event An event that is triggered when the record is initialized via init(). yii\db\BaseActiveRecord

Constants

Constant Value Description Defined By
OP_ALL 7 All three operations: insert, update, delete. This is a shortcut of the expression: OP_INSERT | OP_UPDATE | OP_DELETE. yii\db\ActiveRecord
OP_DELETE 4 The delete operation. This is mainly used when overriding transactions() to specify which operations are transactional. yii\db\ActiveRecord
OP_INSERT 1 The insert operation. This is mainly used when overriding transactions() to specify which operations are transactional. yii\db\ActiveRecord
OP_UPDATE 2 The update operation. This is mainly used when overriding transactions() to specify which operations are transactional. yii\db\ActiveRecord
SCENARIO_DEFAULT 'default' The name of the default scenario. yii\base\Model

Method Details

attributes() public method

Returns the list of all attribute names of the model.

The default implementation will return all column names of the table associated with this AR class.

public array attributes ( )
return array

List of attribute names.

delete() public method

Deletes the table row corresponding to this active record.

This method performs the following steps in order:

  1. call beforeDelete(). If the method returns false, it will skip the rest of the steps;
  2. delete the record from the database;
  3. call afterDelete().

In the above step 1 and 3, events named EVENT_BEFORE_DELETE and EVENT_AFTER_DELETE will be raised by the corresponding methods.

public integer|false delete ( )
return integer|false

The number of rows deleted, or false if the deletion is unsuccessful for some reason. Note that it is possible the number of rows deleted is 0, even though the deletion execution is successful.

throws yii\db\StaleObjectException

if optimistic locking is enabled and the data being deleted is outdated.

throws Exception

in case delete failed.

deleteAll() public static method

Deletes rows in the table using the provided conditions.

For example, to delete all customers whose status is 3:

Customer::deleteAll('status = 3');

Warning: If you do not specify any condition, this method will delete all rows in the table.

Note that this method will not trigger any events. If you need EVENT_BEFORE_DELETE or EVENT_AFTER_DELETE to be triggered, you need to find the models first and then call delete() on each of them. For example an equivalent of the example above would be:

$models = Customer::find()->where('status = 3')->all();
foreach ($models as $model) {
    $model->delete();
}

For a large set of models you might consider using yii\db\ActiveQuery::each() to keep memory usage within limits.

public static integer deleteAll ( $condition = null, $params = [] )
$condition string|array

The conditions that will be put in the WHERE part of the DELETE SQL. Please refer to yii\db\Query::where() on how to specify this parameter.

$params array

The parameters (name => value) to be bound to the query.

return integer

The number of rows deleted

deleteInternal() protected method

Deletes an ActiveRecord without considering transaction.

protected integer|false deleteInternal ( )
return integer|false

The number of rows deleted, or false if the deletion is unsuccessful for some reason. Note that it is possible the number of rows deleted is 0, even though the deletion execution is successful.

throws yii\db\StaleObjectException

equals() public method

Returns a value indicating whether the given active record is the same as the current one.

The comparison is made by comparing the table names and the primary key values of the two active records. If one of the records is new they are also considered not equal.

public boolean equals ( $record )
$record yii\db\ActiveRecord

Record to compare to

return boolean

Whether the two active records refer to the same row in the same database table.

find() public static method

Creates an yii\db\ActiveQueryInterface instance for query purpose.

The returned yii\db\ActiveQueryInterface instance can be further customized by calling methods defined in yii\db\ActiveQueryInterface before one() or all() is called to return populated ActiveRecord instances. For example,

// find the customer whose ID is 1
$customer = Customer::find()->where(['id' => 1])->one();

// find all active customers and order them by their age:
$customers = Customer::find()
    ->where(['status' => 1])
    ->orderBy('age')
    ->all();

This method is also called by yii\db\BaseActiveRecord::hasOne() and yii\db\BaseActiveRecord::hasMany() to create a relational query.

You may override this method to return a customized query. For example,

class Customer extends ActiveRecord
{
    public static function find()
    {
        // use CustomerQuery instead of the default ActiveQuery
        return new CustomerQuery(get_called_class());
    }
}

The following code shows how to apply a default condition for all queries:

class Customer extends ActiveRecord
{
    public static function find()
    {
        return parent::find()->where(['deleted' => false]);
    }
}

// Use andWhere()/orWhere() to apply the default condition
// SELECT FROM customer WHERE `deleted`=:deleted AND age>30
$customers = Customer::find()->andWhere('age>30')->all();

// Use where() to ignore the default condition
// SELECT FROM customer WHERE age>30
$customers = Customer::find()->where('age>30')->all();


public static yii\db\ActiveQuery find ( )
return yii\db\ActiveQuery

The newly created yii\db\ActiveQuery instance.

findByCondition() protected static method

Finds ActiveRecord instance(s) by the given condition.

This method is internally called by findOne() and findAll().

protected static yii\db\ActiveQueryInterface findByCondition ( $condition )
$condition mixed

Please refer to findOne() for the explanation of this parameter

return yii\db\ActiveQueryInterface

The newly created ActiveQuery instance.

throws yii\base\InvalidConfigException

if there is no primary key defined

findBySql() public static method

Creates an yii\db\ActiveQuery instance with a given SQL statement.

Note that because the SQL statement is already specified, calling additional query modification methods (such as where(), order()) on the created yii\db\ActiveQuery instance will have no effect. However, calling with(), asArray() or indexBy() is still fine.

Below is an example:

$customers = Customer::findBySql('SELECT * FROM customer')->all();
public static yii\db\ActiveQuery findBySql ( $sql, $params = [] )
$sql string

The SQL statement to be executed

$params array

Parameters to be bound to the SQL statement during execution.

return yii\db\ActiveQuery

The newly created yii\db\ActiveQuery instance

getDb() public static method

Returns the database connection used by this AR class.

By default, the "db" application component is used as the database connection. You may override this method if you want to use a different database connection.

public static yii\db\Connection getDb ( )
return yii\db\Connection

The database connection used by this AR class.

getTableSchema() public static method

Returns the schema information of the DB table associated with this AR class.

public static yii\db\TableSchema getTableSchema ( )
return yii\db\TableSchema

The schema information of the DB table associated with this AR class.

throws yii\base\InvalidConfigException

if the table for the AR class does not exist.

insert() public method

Inserts a row into the associated database table using the attribute values of this record.

This method performs the following steps in order:

  1. call beforeValidate() when $runValidation is true. If beforeValidate() returns false, the rest of the steps will be skipped;
  2. call afterValidate() when $runValidation is true. If validation failed, the rest of the steps will be skipped;
  3. call beforeSave(). If beforeSave() returns false, the rest of the steps will be skipped;
  4. insert the record into database. If this fails, it will skip the rest of the steps;
  5. call afterSave();

In the above step 1, 2, 3 and 5, events EVENT_BEFORE_VALIDATE, EVENT_AFTER_VALIDATE, EVENT_BEFORE_INSERT, and EVENT_AFTER_INSERT will be raised by the corresponding methods.

Only the changed attribute values will be inserted into database.

If the table's primary key is auto-incremental and is null during insertion, it will be populated with the actual value after insertion.

For example, to insert a customer record:

$customer = new Customer;
$customer->name = $name;
$customer->email = $email;
$customer->insert();
public boolean insert ( $runValidation = true, $attributes = null )
$runValidation boolean

Whether to perform validation (calling validate()) before saving the record. Defaults to true. If the validation fails, the record will not be saved to the database and this method will return false.

$attributes array

List of attributes that need to be saved. Defaults to null, meaning all attributes that are loaded from DB will be saved.

return boolean

Whether the attributes are valid and the record is inserted successfully.

throws Exception

in case insert failed.

insertInternal() protected method

Inserts an ActiveRecord into DB without considering transaction.

protected boolean insertInternal ( $attributes = null )
$attributes array

List of attributes that need to be saved. Defaults to null, meaning all attributes that are loaded from DB will be saved.

return boolean

Whether the record is inserted successfully.

isTransactional() public method

Returns a value indicating whether the specified operation is transactional in the current $scenario.

public boolean isTransactional ( $operation )
$operation integer

The operation to check. Possible values are OP_INSERT, OP_UPDATE and OP_DELETE.

return boolean

Whether the specified operation is transactional in the current $scenario.

loadDefaultValues() public method

Loads default values from database table schema

You may call this method to load default values after creating a new instance:

// class Customer extends \yii\db\ActiveRecord
$customer = new Customer();
$customer->loadDefaultValues();
public $this loadDefaultValues ( $skipIfSet = true )
$skipIfSet boolean

Whether existing value should be preserved. This will only set defaults for attributes that are null.

return $this

The model instance itself.

populateRecord() public static method

Populates an active record object using a row of data from the database/storage.

This is an internal method meant to be called to create active record objects after fetching data from the database. It is mainly used by yii\db\ActiveQuery to populate the query results into active records.

When calling this method manually you should call afterFind() on the created record to trigger the afterFind Event.

public static void populateRecord ( $record, $row )
$record yii\db\BaseActiveRecord

The record to be populated. In most cases this will be an instance created by instantiate() beforehand.

$row array

Attribute values (name => value)

primaryKey() public static method

Returns the primary key name(s) for this AR class.

The default implementation will return the primary key(s) as declared in the DB table that is associated with this AR class.

If the DB table does not declare any primary key, you should override this method to return the attributes that you want to use as primary keys for this AR class.

Note that an array should be returned even for a table with single primary key.

public static string[] primaryKey ( )
return string[]

The primary keys of the associated database table.

tableName() public static method

Declares the name of the database table associated with this AR class.

By default this method returns the class name as the table name by calling yii\helpers\Inflector::camel2id() with prefix yii\db\Connection::$tablePrefix. For example if yii\db\Connection::$tablePrefix is tbl_, Customer becomes tbl_customer, and OrderItem becomes tbl_order_item. You may override this method if the table is not named after this convention.

public static string tableName ( )
return string

The table name

transactions() public method

Declares which DB operations should be performed within a transaction in different scenarios.

The supported DB operations are: OP_INSERT, OP_UPDATE and OP_DELETE, which correspond to the insert(), update() and delete() methods, respectively. By default, these methods are NOT enclosed in a DB transaction.

In some scenarios, to ensure data consistency, you may want to enclose some or all of them in transactions. You can do so by overriding this method and returning the operations that need to be transactional. For example,

return [
    'admin' => self::OP_INSERT,
    'api' => self::OP_INSERT | self::OP_UPDATE | self::OP_DELETE,
    // the above is equivalent to the following:
    // 'api' => self::OP_ALL,

];

The above declaration specifies that in the "admin" scenario, the insert operation (insert()) should be done in a transaction; and in the "api" scenario, all the operations should be done in a transaction.

public array transactions ( )
return array

The declarations of transactional operations. The array keys are scenarios names, and the array values are the corresponding transaction operations.

update() public method

Saves the changes to this active record into the associated database table.

This method performs the following steps in order:

  1. call beforeValidate() when $runValidation is true. If beforeValidate() returns false, the rest of the steps will be skipped;
  2. call afterValidate() when $runValidation is true. If validation failed, the rest of the steps will be skipped;
  3. call beforeSave(). If beforeSave() returns false, the rest of the steps will be skipped;
  4. save the record into database. If this fails, it will skip the rest of the steps;
  5. call afterSave();

In the above step 1, 2, 3 and 5, events EVENT_BEFORE_VALIDATE, EVENT_AFTER_VALIDATE, EVENT_BEFORE_UPDATE, and EVENT_AFTER_UPDATE will be raised by the corresponding methods.

Only the changed attribute values will be saved into database.

For example, to update a customer record:

$customer = Customer::findOne($id);
$customer->name = $name;
$customer->email = $email;
$customer->update();

Note that it is possible the update does not affect any row in the table. In this case, this method will return 0. For this reason, you should use the following code to check if update() is successful or not:

if ($customer->update() !== false) {
    // update successful
} else {
    // update failed
}
public integer|false update ( $runValidation = true, $attributeNames = null )
$runValidation boolean

Whether to perform validation (calling validate()) before saving the record. Defaults to true. If the validation fails, the record will not be saved to the database and this method will return false.

$attributeNames array

List of attributes that need to be saved. Defaults to null, meaning all attributes that are loaded from DB will be saved.

return integer|false

The number of rows affected, or false if validation fails or beforeSave() stops the updating process.

throws yii\db\StaleObjectException

if optimistic locking is enabled and the data being updated is outdated.

throws Exception

in case update failed.

updateAll() public static method

Updates the whole table using the provided attribute values and conditions.

For example, to change the status to be 1 for all customers whose status is 2:

Customer::updateAll(['status' => 1], 'status = 2');

Warning: If you do not specify any condition, this method will update all rows in the table.

Note that this method will not trigger any events. If you need EVENT_BEFORE_UPDATE or EVENT_AFTER_UPDATE to be triggered, you need to find the models first and then call update() on each of them. For example an equivalent of the example above would be:

$models = Customer::find()->where('status = 2')->all();
foreach ($models as $model) {
    $model->status = 1;
    $model->update(false); // skipping validation as no user input is involved
}

For a large set of models you might consider using yii\db\ActiveQuery::each() to keep memory usage within limits.

public static integer updateAll ( $attributes, $condition = '', $params = [] )
$attributes array

Attribute values (name-value pairs) to be saved into the table

$condition string|array

The conditions that will be put in the WHERE part of the UPDATE SQL. Please refer to yii\db\Query::where() on how to specify this parameter.

$params array

The parameters (name => value) to be bound to the query.

return integer

The number of rows updated

updateAllCounters() public static method

Updates the whole table using the provided counter changes and conditions.

For example, to increment all customers' age by 1,

Customer::updateAllCounters(['age' => 1]);

Note that this method will not trigger any events.

public static integer updateAllCounters ( $counters, $condition = '', $params = [] )
$counters array

The counters to be updated (attribute name => increment value). Use negative values if you want to decrement the counters.

$condition string|array

The conditions that will be put in the WHERE part of the UPDATE SQL. Please refer to yii\db\Query::where() on how to specify this parameter.

$params array

The parameters (name => value) to be bound to the query. Do not name the parameters as :bp0, :bp1, etc., because they are used internally by this method.

return integer

The number of rows updated

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