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/CMake 3.19

ctest(1)

Synopsis

ctest [<options>]
ctest --build-and-test <path-to-source> <path-to-build>
      --build-generator <generator> [<options>...]
      [--build-options <opts>...] [--test-command <command> [<args>...]]
ctest {-D <dashboard> | -M <model> -T <action> | -S <script> | -SP <script>}
      [-- <dashboard-options>...]

Description

The ctest executable is the CMake test driver program. CMake-generated build trees created for projects that use the enable_testing() and add_test() commands have testing support. This program will run the tests and report results.

Options

-C <cfg>, --build-config <cfg>

Choose configuration to test.

Some CMake-generated build trees can have multiple build configurations in the same tree. This option can be used to specify which one should be tested. Example configurations are Debug and Release.

--progress

Enable short progress output from tests.

When the output of ctest is being sent directly to a terminal, the progress through the set of tests is reported by updating the same line rather than printing start and end messages for each test on new lines. This can significantly reduce the verbosity of the test output. Test completion messages are still output on their own line for failed tests and the final test summary will also still be logged.

This option can also be enabled by setting the environment variable CTEST_PROGRESS_OUTPUT.

-V,--verbose

Enable verbose output from tests.

Test output is normally suppressed and only summary information is displayed. This option will show all test output.

-VV,--extra-verbose

Enable more verbose output from tests.

Test output is normally suppressed and only summary information is displayed. This option will show even more test output.

--debug

Displaying more verbose internals of CTest.

This feature will result in a large number of output that is mostly useful for debugging dashboard problems.

--output-on-failure

Output anything outputted by the test program if the test should fail. This option can also be enabled by setting the CTEST_OUTPUT_ON_FAILURE environment variable

--stop-on-failure

Stop running the tests when the first failure happens.

-F

Enable failover.

This option allows CTest to resume a test set execution that was previously interrupted. If no interruption occurred, the -F option will have no effect.

-j <jobs>, --parallel <jobs>

Run the tests in parallel using the given number of jobs.

This option tells CTest to run the tests in parallel using given number of jobs. This option can also be set by setting the CTEST_PARALLEL_LEVEL environment variable.

This option can be used with the PROCESSORS test property.

See Label and Subproject Summary.

--resource-spec-file <file>

Run CTest with resource allocation enabled, using the resource specification file specified in <file>.

When ctest is run as a Dashboard Client this sets the ResourceSpecFile option of the CTest Test Step.

--test-load <level>

While running tests in parallel (e.g. with -j), try not to start tests when they may cause the CPU load to pass above a given threshold.

When ctest is run as a Dashboard Client this sets the TestLoad option of the CTest Test Step.

-Q,--quiet

Make CTest quiet.

This option will suppress all the output. The output log file will still be generated if the --output-log is specified. Options such as --verbose, --extra-verbose, and --debug are ignored if --quiet is specified.

-O <file>, --output-log <file>

Output to log file.

This option tells CTest to write all its output to a <file> log file.

-N,--show-only[=<format>]

Disable actual execution of tests.

This option tells CTest to list the tests that would be run but not actually run them. Useful in conjunction with the -R and -E options.

<format> can be one of the following values.

human

Human-friendly output. This is not guaranteed to be stable. This is the default.

json-v1

Dump the test information in JSON format. See Show as JSON Object Model.

-L <regex>, --label-regex <regex>

Run tests with labels matching regular expression.

This option tells CTest to run only the tests whose labels match the given regular expression.

-R <regex>, --tests-regex <regex>

Run tests matching regular expression.

This option tells CTest to run only the tests whose names match the given regular expression.

-E <regex>, --exclude-regex <regex>

Exclude tests matching regular expression.

This option tells CTest to NOT run the tests whose names match the given regular expression.

-LE <regex>, --label-exclude <regex>

Exclude tests with labels matching regular expression.

This option tells CTest to NOT run the tests whose labels match the given regular expression.

-FA <regex>, --fixture-exclude-any <regex>

Exclude fixtures matching <regex> from automatically adding any tests to the test set.

If a test in the set of tests to be executed requires a particular fixture, that fixture’s setup and cleanup tests would normally be added to the test set automatically. This option prevents adding setup or cleanup tests for fixtures matching the <regex>. Note that all other fixture behavior is retained, including test dependencies and skipping tests that have fixture setup tests that fail.

-FS <regex>, --fixture-exclude-setup <regex>

Same as -FA except only matching setup tests are excluded.

-FC <regex>, --fixture-exclude-cleanup <regex>

Same as -FA except only matching cleanup tests are excluded.

-D <dashboard>, --dashboard <dashboard>

Execute dashboard test.

This option tells CTest to act as a CDash client and perform a dashboard test. All tests are <Mode><Test>, where <Mode> can be Experimental, Nightly, and Continuous, and <Test> can be Start, Update, Configure, Build, Test, Coverage, and Submit.

See Dashboard Client.

-D <var>:<type>=<value>

Define a variable for script mode.

Pass in variable values on the command line. Use in conjunction with -S to pass variable values to a dashboard script. Parsing -D arguments as variable values is only attempted if the value following -D does not match any of the known dashboard types.

-M <model>, --test-model <model>

Sets the model for a dashboard.

This option tells CTest to act as a CDash client where the <model> can be Experimental, Nightly, and Continuous. Combining -M and -T is similar to -D.

See Dashboard Client.

-T <action>, --test-action <action>

Sets the dashboard action to perform.

This option tells CTest to act as a CDash client and perform some action such as start, build, test etc. See Dashboard Client Steps for the full list of actions. Combining -M and -T is similar to -D.

See Dashboard Client.

-S <script>, --script <script>

Execute a dashboard for a configuration.

This option tells CTest to load in a configuration script which sets a number of parameters such as the binary and source directories. Then CTest will do what is required to create and run a dashboard. This option basically sets up a dashboard and then runs ctest -D with the appropriate options.

See Dashboard Client.

-SP <script>, --script-new-process <script>

Execute a dashboard for a configuration.

This option does the same operations as -S but it will do them in a separate process. This is primarily useful in cases where the script may modify the environment and you do not want the modified environment to impact other -S scripts.

See Dashboard Client.

-I [Start,End,Stride,test#,test#|Test file], --tests-information

Run a specific number of tests by number.

This option causes CTest to run tests starting at number Start, ending at number End, and incrementing by Stride. Any additional numbers after Stride are considered individual test numbers. Start, End, or Stride can be empty. Optionally a file can be given that contains the same syntax as the command line.

-U, --union

Take the Union of -I and -R.

When both -R and -I are specified by default the intersection of tests are run. By specifying -U the union of tests is run instead.

--rerun-failed

Run only the tests that failed previously.

This option tells CTest to perform only the tests that failed during its previous run. When this option is specified, CTest ignores all other options intended to modify the list of tests to run (-L, -R, -E, -LE, -I, etc). In the event that CTest runs and no tests fail, subsequent calls to CTest with the --rerun-failed option will run the set of tests that most recently failed (if any).

--repeat <mode>:<n>

Run tests repeatedly based on the given <mode> up to <n> times. The modes are:

until-fail

Require each test to run <n> times without failing in order to pass. This is useful in finding sporadic failures in test cases.

until-pass

Allow each test to run up to <n> times in order to pass. Repeats tests if they fail for any reason. This is useful in tolerating sporadic failures in test cases.

after-timeout

Allow each test to run up to <n> times in order to pass. Repeats tests only if they timeout. This is useful in tolerating sporadic timeouts in test cases on busy machines.

--repeat-until-fail <n>

Equivalent to --repeat until-fail:<n>.

--max-width <width>

Set the max width for a test name to output.

Set the maximum width for each test name to show in the output. This allows the user to widen the output to avoid clipping the test name which can be very annoying.

--interactive-debug-mode [0|1]

Set the interactive mode to 0 or 1.

This option causes CTest to run tests in either an interactive mode or a non-interactive mode. On Windows this means that in non-interactive mode, all system debug pop up windows are blocked. In dashboard mode (Experimental, Nightly, Continuous), the default is non-interactive. When just running tests not for a dashboard the default is to allow popups and interactive debugging.

--no-label-summary

Disable timing summary information for labels.

This option tells CTest not to print summary information for each label associated with the tests run. If there are no labels on the tests, nothing extra is printed.

See Label and Subproject Summary.

--no-subproject-summary

Disable timing summary information for subprojects.

This option tells CTest not to print summary information for each subproject associated with the tests run. If there are no subprojects on the tests, nothing extra is printed.

See Label and Subproject Summary.

--build-and-test See Build and Test Mode.

--test-output-size-passed <size>

Limit the output for passed tests to <size> bytes.

--test-output-size-failed <size>

Limit the output for failed tests to <size> bytes.

--overwrite

Overwrite CTest configuration option.

By default CTest uses configuration options from configuration file. This option will overwrite the configuration option.

--force-new-ctest-process

Run child CTest instances as new processes.

By default CTest will run child CTest instances within the same process. If this behavior is not desired, this argument will enforce new processes for child CTest processes.

--schedule-random

Use a random order for scheduling tests.

This option will run the tests in a random order. It is commonly used to detect implicit dependencies in a test suite.

--submit-index

Legacy option for old Dart2 dashboard server feature. Do not use.

--timeout <seconds>

Set the default test timeout.

This option effectively sets a timeout on all tests that do not already have a timeout set on them via the TIMEOUT property.

--stop-time <time>

Set a time at which all tests should stop running.

Set a real time of day at which all tests should timeout. Example: 7:00:00 -0400. Any time format understood by the curl date parser is accepted. Local time is assumed if no timezone is specified.

--print-labels

Print all available test labels.

This option will not run any tests, it will simply print the list of all labels associated with the test set.

--no-tests=<[error|ignore]>

Regard no tests found either as error or ignore it.

If no tests were found, the default behavior of CTest is to always log an error message but to return an error code in script mode only. This option unifies the behavior of CTest by either returning an error code if no tests were found or by ignoring it.

--help,-help,-usage,-h,-H,/?

Print usage information and exit.

Usage describes the basic command line interface and its options.

--version,-version,/V [<f>]

Show program name/version banner and exit.

If a file is specified, the version is written into it. The help is printed to a named <f>ile if given.

--help-full [<f>]

Print all help manuals and exit.

All manuals are printed in a human-readable text format. The help is printed to a named <f>ile if given.

--help-manual <man> [<f>]

Print one help manual and exit.

The specified manual is printed in a human-readable text format. The help is printed to a named <f>ile if given.

--help-manual-list [<f>]

List help manuals available and exit.

The list contains all manuals for which help may be obtained by using the --help-manual option followed by a manual name. The help is printed to a named <f>ile if given.

--help-command <cmd> [<f>]

Print help for one command and exit.

The cmake-commands(7) manual entry for <cmd> is printed in a human-readable text format. The help is printed to a named <f>ile if given.

--help-command-list [<f>]

List commands with help available and exit.

The list contains all commands for which help may be obtained by using the --help-command option followed by a command name. The help is printed to a named <f>ile if given.

--help-commands [<f>]

Print cmake-commands manual and exit.

The cmake-commands(7) manual is printed in a human-readable text format. The help is printed to a named <f>ile if given.

--help-module <mod> [<f>]

Print help for one module and exit.

The cmake-modules(7) manual entry for <mod> is printed in a human-readable text format. The help is printed to a named <f>ile if given.

--help-module-list [<f>]

List modules with help available and exit.

The list contains all modules for which help may be obtained by using the --help-module option followed by a module name. The help is printed to a named <f>ile if given.

--help-modules [<f>]

Print cmake-modules manual and exit.

The cmake-modules(7) manual is printed in a human-readable text format. The help is printed to a named <f>ile if given.

--help-policy <cmp> [<f>]

Print help for one policy and exit.

The cmake-policies(7) manual entry for <cmp> is printed in a human-readable text format. The help is printed to a named <f>ile if given.

--help-policy-list [<f>]

List policies with help available and exit.

The list contains all policies for which help may be obtained by using the --help-policy option followed by a policy name. The help is printed to a named <f>ile if given.

--help-policies [<f>]

Print cmake-policies manual and exit.

The cmake-policies(7) manual is printed in a human-readable text format. The help is printed to a named <f>ile if given.

--help-property <prop> [<f>]

Print help for one property and exit.

The cmake-properties(7) manual entries for <prop> are printed in a human-readable text format. The help is printed to a named <f>ile if given.

--help-property-list [<f>]

List properties with help available and exit.

The list contains all properties for which help may be obtained by using the --help-property option followed by a property name. The help is printed to a named <f>ile if given.

--help-properties [<f>]

Print cmake-properties manual and exit.

The cmake-properties(7) manual is printed in a human-readable text format. The help is printed to a named <f>ile if given.

--help-variable <var> [<f>]

Print help for one variable and exit.

The cmake-variables(7) manual entry for <var> is printed in a human-readable text format. The help is printed to a named <f>ile if given.

--help-variable-list [<f>]

List variables with help available and exit.

The list contains all variables for which help may be obtained by using the --help-variable option followed by a variable name. The help is printed to a named <f>ile if given.

--help-variables [<f>]

Print cmake-variables manual and exit.

The cmake-variables(7) manual is printed in a human-readable text format. The help is printed to a named <f>ile if given.

Label and Subproject Summary

CTest prints timing summary information for each LABEL and subproject associated with the tests run. The label time summary will not include labels that are mapped to subprojects.

When the PROCESSORS test property is set, CTest will display a weighted test timing result in label and subproject summaries. The time is reported with sec*proc instead of just sec.

The weighted time summary reported for each label or subproject j is computed as:

Weighted Time Summary for Label/Subproject j =
    sum(raw_test_time[j,i] * num_processors[j,i], i=1...num_tests[j])

for labels/subprojects j=1...total

where:

  • raw_test_time[j,i]: Wall-clock time for the i test for the j label or subproject
  • num_processors[j,i]: Value of the CTest PROCESSORS property for the i test for the j label or subproject
  • num_tests[j]: Number of tests associated with the j label or subproject
  • total: Total number of labels or subprojects that have at least one test run

Therefore, the weighted time summary for each label or subproject represents the amount of time that CTest gave to run the tests for each label or subproject and gives a good representation of the total expense of the tests for each label or subproject when compared to other labels or subprojects.

For example, if SubprojectA showed 100 sec*proc and SubprojectB showed 10 sec*proc, then CTest allocated approximately 10 times the CPU/core time to run the tests for SubprojectA than for SubprojectB (e.g. so if effort is going to be expended to reduce the cost of the test suite for the whole project, then reducing the cost of the test suite for SubprojectA would likely have a larger impact than effort to reduce the cost of the test suite for SubprojectB).

Build and Test Mode

CTest provides a command-line signature to configure (i.e. run cmake on), build, and/or execute a test:

ctest --build-and-test <path-to-source> <path-to-build>
      --build-generator <generator>
      [<options>...]
      [--build-options <opts>...]
      [--test-command <command> [<args>...]]

The configure and test steps are optional. The arguments to this command line are the source and binary directories. The --build-generator option must be provided to use --build-and-test. If --test-command is specified then that will be run after the build is complete. Other options that affect this mode include:

--build-target

Specify a specific target to build.

If left out the all target is built.

--build-nocmake

Run the build without running cmake first.

Skip the cmake step.

--build-run-dir

Specify directory to run programs from.

Directory where programs will be after it has been compiled.

--build-two-config

Run CMake twice.

--build-exe-dir

Specify the directory for the executable.

--build-generator

Specify the generator to use. See the cmake-generators(7) manual.

--build-generator-platform

Specify the generator-specific platform.

--build-generator-toolset

Specify the generator-specific toolset.

--build-project

Specify the name of the project to build.

--build-makeprogram

Specify the explicit make program to be used by CMake when configuring and building the project. Only applicable for Make and Ninja based generators.

--build-noclean

Skip the make clean step.

--build-config-sample

A sample executable to use to determine the configuration that should be used. e.g. Debug, Release etc.

--build-options

Additional options for configuring the build (i.e. for CMake, not for the build tool). Note that if this is specified, the --build-options keyword and its arguments must be the last option given on the command line, with the possible exception of --test-command.

--test-command

The command to run as the test step with the --build-and-test option. All arguments following this keyword will be assumed to be part of the test command line, so it must be the last option given.

--test-timeout

The time limit in seconds

Dashboard Client

CTest can operate as a client for the CDash software quality dashboard application. As a dashboard client, CTest performs a sequence of steps to configure, build, and test software, and then submits the results to a CDash server. The command-line signature used to submit to CDash is:

ctest (-D <dashboard> | -M <model> -T <action> | -S <script> | -SP <script>)
      [-- <dashboard-options>...]

Options for Dashboard Client include:

--group <group>

Specify what group you’d like to submit results to

Submit dashboard to specified group instead of default one. By default, the dashboard is submitted to Nightly, Experimental, or Continuous group, but by specifying this option, the group can be arbitrary.

This replaces the deprecated option --track. Despite the name change its behavior is unchanged.

-A <file>, --add-notes <file>

Add a notes file with submission.

This option tells CTest to include a notes file when submitting dashboard.

--tomorrow-tag

Nightly or Experimental starts with next day tag.

This is useful if the build will not finish in one day.

--extra-submit <file>[;<file>]

Submit extra files to the dashboard.

This option will submit extra files to the dashboard.

--http1.0

Submit using HTTP 1.0.

This option will force CTest to use HTTP 1.0 to submit files to the dashboard, instead of HTTP 1.1.

--no-compress-output

Do not compress test output when submitting.

This flag will turn off automatic compression of test output. Use this to maintain compatibility with an older version of CDash which doesn’t support compressed test output.

Dashboard Client Steps

CTest defines an ordered list of testing steps of which some or all may be run as a dashboard client:

Start

Start a new dashboard submission to be composed of results recorded by the following steps. See the CTest Start Step section below.

Update

Update the source tree from its version control repository. Record the old and new versions and the list of updated source files. See the CTest Update Step section below.

Configure

Configure the software by running a command in the build tree. Record the configuration output log. See the CTest Configure Step section below.

Build

Build the software by running a command in the build tree. Record the build output log and detect warnings and errors. See the CTest Build Step section below.

Test

Test the software by loading a CTestTestfile.cmake from the build tree and executing the defined tests. Record the output and result of each test. See the CTest Test Step section below.

Coverage

Compute coverage of the source code by running a coverage analysis tool and recording its output. See the CTest Coverage Step section below.

MemCheck

Run the software test suite through a memory check tool. Record the test output, results, and issues reported by the tool. See the CTest MemCheck Step section below.

Submit

Submit results recorded from other testing steps to the software quality dashboard server. See the CTest Submit Step section below.

Dashboard Client Modes

CTest defines three modes of operation as a dashboard client:

Nightly

This mode is intended to be invoked once per day, typically at night. It enables the Start, Update, Configure, Build, Test, Coverage, and Submit steps by default. Selected steps run even if the Update step reports no changes to the source tree.

Continuous

This mode is intended to be invoked repeatedly throughout the day. It enables the Start, Update, Configure, Build, Test, Coverage, and Submit steps by default, but exits after the Update step if it reports no changes to the source tree.

Experimental

This mode is intended to be invoked by a developer to test local changes. It enables the Start, Configure, Build, Test, Coverage, and Submit steps by default.

Dashboard Client via CTest Command-Line

CTest can perform testing on an already-generated build tree. Run the ctest command with the current working directory set to the build tree and use one of these signatures:

ctest -D <mode>[<step>]
ctest -M <mode> [ -T <step> ]...

The <mode> must be one of the above Dashboard Client Modes, and each <step> must be one of the above Dashboard Client Steps.

CTest reads the Dashboard Client Configuration settings from a file in the build tree called either CTestConfiguration.ini or DartConfiguration.tcl (the names are historical). The format of the file is:

# Lines starting in '#' are comments.
# Other non-blank lines are key-value pairs.
<setting>: <value>

where <setting> is the setting name and <value> is the setting value.

In build trees generated by CMake, this configuration file is generated by the CTest module if included by the project. The module uses variables to obtain a value for each setting as documented with the settings below.

Dashboard Client via CTest Script

CTest can perform testing driven by a cmake-language(7) script that creates and maintains the source and build tree as well as performing the testing steps. Run the ctest command with the current working directory set outside of any build tree and use one of these signatures:

ctest -S <script>
ctest -SP <script>

The <script> file must call CTest Commands commands to run testing steps explicitly as documented below. The commands obtain Dashboard Client Configuration settings from their arguments or from variables set in the script.

Dashboard Client Configuration

The Dashboard Client Steps may be configured by named settings as documented in the following sections.

CTest Start Step

Start a new dashboard submission to be composed of results recorded by the following steps.

In a CTest Script, the ctest_start() command runs this step. Arguments to the command may specify some of the step settings. The command first runs the command-line specified by the CTEST_CHECKOUT_COMMAND variable, if set, to initialize the source directory.

Configuration settings include:

BuildDirectory

The full path to the project build tree.

SourceDirectory

The full path to the project source tree.

CTest Update Step

In a CTest Script, the ctest_update() command runs this step. Arguments to the command may specify some of the step settings.

Configuration settings to specify the version control tool include:

BZRCommand

bzr command-line tool to use if source tree is managed by Bazaar.

BZRUpdateOptions

Command-line options to the BZRCommand when updating the source.

CVSCommand

cvs command-line tool to use if source tree is managed by CVS.

CVSUpdateOptions

Command-line options to the CVSCommand when updating the source.

GITCommand

git command-line tool to use if source tree is managed by Git.

The source tree is updated by git fetch followed by git reset --hard to the FETCH_HEAD. The result is the same as git pull except that any local modifications are overwritten. Use GITUpdateCustom to specify a different approach.

GITInitSubmodules

If set, CTest will update the repository’s submodules before updating.

GITUpdateCustom

Specify a custom command line (as a semicolon-separated list) to run in the source tree (Git work tree) to update it instead of running the GITCommand.

GITUpdateOptions

Command-line options to the GITCommand when updating the source.

HGCommand

hg command-line tool to use if source tree is managed by Mercurial.

HGUpdateOptions

Command-line options to the HGCommand when updating the source.

P4Client

Value of the -c option to the P4Command.

P4Command

p4 command-line tool to use if source tree is managed by Perforce.

P4Options

Command-line options to the P4Command for all invocations.

P4UpdateCustom

Specify a custom command line (as a semicolon-separated list) to run in the source tree (Perforce tree) to update it instead of running the P4Command.

P4UpdateOptions

Command-line options to the P4Command when updating the source.

SVNCommand

svn command-line tool to use if source tree is managed by Subversion.

SVNOptions

Command-line options to the SVNCommand for all invocations.

SVNUpdateOptions

Command-line options to the SVNCommand when updating the source.

UpdateCommand

Specify the version-control command-line tool to use without detecting the VCS that manages the source tree.

UpdateOptions

Command-line options to the UpdateCommand.

UpdateType

Specify the version-control system that manages the source tree if it cannot be detected automatically. The value may be bzr, cvs, git, hg, p4, or svn.

  • CTest Script variable: none, detected from source tree
  • CTest module variable: UPDATE_TYPE if set, else CTEST_UPDATE_TYPE
UpdateVersionOnly

Specify that you want the version control update command to only discover the current version that is checked out, and not to update to a different version.

UpdateVersionOverride

Specify the current version of your source tree.

When this variable is set to a non-empty string, CTest will report the value you specified rather than using the update command to discover the current version that is checked out. Use of this variable supersedes UpdateVersionOnly. Like UpdateVersionOnly, using this variable tells CTest not to update the source tree to a different version.

Additional configuration settings include:

NightlyStartTime

In the Nightly dashboard mode, specify the “nightly start time”. With centralized version control systems (cvs and svn), the Update step checks out the version of the software as of this time so that multiple clients choose a common version to test. This is not well-defined in distributed version-control systems so the setting is ignored.

CTest Configure Step

In a CTest Script, the ctest_configure() command runs this step. Arguments to the command may specify some of the step settings.

Configuration settings include:

ConfigureCommand

Command-line to launch the software configuration process. It will be executed in the location specified by the BuildDirectory setting.

LabelsForSubprojects

Specify a semicolon-separated list of labels that will be treated as subprojects. This mapping will be passed on to CDash when configure, test or build results are submitted.

See Label and Subproject Summary.

CTest Build Step

In a CTest Script, the ctest_build() command runs this step. Arguments to the command may specify some of the step settings.

Configuration settings include:

DefaultCTestConfigurationType

When the build system to be launched allows build-time selection of the configuration (e.g. Debug, Release), this specifies the default configuration to be built when no -C option is given to the ctest command. The value will be substituted into the value of MakeCommand to replace the literal string ${CTEST_CONFIGURATION_TYPE} if it appears.

LabelsForSubprojects

Specify a semicolon-separated list of labels that will be treated as subprojects. This mapping will be passed on to CDash when configure, test or build results are submitted.

See Label and Subproject Summary.

MakeCommand

Command-line to launch the software build process. It will be executed in the location specified by the BuildDirectory setting.

UseLaunchers

For build trees generated by CMake using one of the Makefile Generators or the Ninja generator, specify whether the CTEST_USE_LAUNCHERS feature is enabled by the CTestUseLaunchers module (also included by the CTest module). When enabled, the generated build system wraps each invocation of the compiler, linker, or custom command line with a “launcher” that communicates with CTest via environment variables and files to report granular build warning and error information. Otherwise, CTest must “scrape” the build output log for diagnostics.

CTest Test Step

In a CTest Script, the ctest_test() command runs this step. Arguments to the command may specify some of the step settings.

Configuration settings include:

ResourceSpecFile

Specify a resource specification file.

See Resource Allocation for more information.

LabelsForSubprojects

Specify a semicolon-separated list of labels that will be treated as subprojects. This mapping will be passed on to CDash when configure, test or build results are submitted.

See Label and Subproject Summary.

TestLoad

While running tests in parallel (e.g. with -j), try not to start tests when they may cause the CPU load to pass above a given threshold.

TimeOut

The default timeout for each test if not specified by the TIMEOUT test property.

CTest Coverage Step

In a CTest Script, the ctest_coverage() command runs this step. Arguments to the command may specify some of the step settings.

Configuration settings include:

CoverageCommand

Command-line tool to perform software coverage analysis. It will be executed in the location specified by the BuildDirectory setting.

CoverageExtraFlags

Specify command-line options to the CoverageCommand tool.

These options are the first arguments passed to CoverageCommand.

CTest MemCheck Step

In a CTest Script, the ctest_memcheck() command runs this step. Arguments to the command may specify some of the step settings.

Configuration settings include:

MemoryCheckCommand

Command-line tool to perform dynamic analysis. Test command lines will be launched through this tool.

MemoryCheckCommandOptions

Specify command-line options to the MemoryCheckCommand tool. They will be placed prior to the test command line.

MemoryCheckType

Specify the type of memory checking to perform.

MemoryCheckSanitizerOptions

Specify options to sanitizers when running with a sanitize-enabled build.

MemoryCheckSuppressionFile

Specify a file containing suppression rules for the MemoryCheckCommand tool. It will be passed with options appropriate to the tool.

Additional configuration settings include:

BoundsCheckerCommand

Specify a MemoryCheckCommand that is known to be command-line compatible with Bounds Checker.

PurifyCommand

Specify a MemoryCheckCommand that is known to be command-line compatible with Purify.

ValgrindCommand

Specify a MemoryCheckCommand that is known to be command-line compatible with Valgrind.

ValgrindCommandOptions

Specify command-line options to the ValgrindCommand tool. They will be placed prior to the test command line.

DrMemoryCommand

Specify a MemoryCheckCommand that is known to be a command-line compatible with DrMemory.

DrMemoryCommandOptions

Specify command-line options to the DrMemoryCommand tool. They will be placed prior to the test command line.

CudaMemcheckCommand

Specify a MemoryCheckCommand that is known to be a command-line compatible with cuda-memcheck or compute-sanitizer.

CudaMemcheckCommandOptions

Specify command-line options to the CudaMemcheckCommand tool. They will be placed prior to the test command line.

CTest Submit Step

In a CTest Script, the ctest_submit() command runs this step. Arguments to the command may specify some of the step settings.

Configuration settings include:

BuildName

Describe the dashboard client platform with a short string. (Operating system, compiler, etc.)

CDashVersion

Legacy option. Not used.

  • CTest Script variable: none, detected from server
  • CTest module variable: CTEST_CDASH_VERSION
CTestSubmitRetryCount

Specify a number of attempts to retry submission on network failure.

CTestSubmitRetryDelay

Specify a delay before retrying submission on network failure.

CurlOptions

Specify a semicolon-separated list of options to control the Curl library that CTest uses internally to connect to the server. Possible options are CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER_OFF and CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST_OFF.

DropLocation

Legacy option. When SubmitURL is not set, it is constructed from DropMethod, DropSiteUser, DropSitePassword, DropSite, and DropLocation.

DropMethod

Legacy option. When SubmitURL is not set, it is constructed from DropMethod, DropSiteUser, DropSitePassword, DropSite, and DropLocation.

DropSite

Legacy option. When SubmitURL is not set, it is constructed from DropMethod, DropSiteUser, DropSitePassword, DropSite, and DropLocation.

DropSitePassword

Legacy option. When SubmitURL is not set, it is constructed from DropMethod, DropSiteUser, DropSitePassword, DropSite, and DropLocation.

DropSiteUser

Legacy option. When SubmitURL is not set, it is constructed from DropMethod, DropSiteUser, DropSitePassword, DropSite, and DropLocation.

IsCDash

Legacy option. Not used.

ScpCommand

Legacy option. Not used.

Site

Describe the dashboard client host site with a short string. (Hostname, domain, etc.)

SubmitURL

The http or https URL of the dashboard server to send the submission to.

TriggerSite

Legacy option. Not used.

Show as JSON Object Model

When the --show-only=json-v1 command line option is given, the test information is output in JSON format. Version 1.0 of the JSON object model is defined as follows:

kind

The string “ctestInfo”.

version

A JSON object specifying the version components. Its members are

major

A non-negative integer specifying the major version component.

minor

A non-negative integer specifying the minor version component.

backtraceGraph

JSON object representing backtrace information with the following members:

commands

List of command names.

files

List of file names.

nodes

List of node JSON objects with members:

command

Index into the commands member of the backtraceGraph.

file

Index into the files member of the backtraceGraph.

line

Line number in the file where the backtrace was added.

parent

Index into the nodes member of the backtraceGraph representing the parent in the graph.

tests

A JSON array listing information about each test. Each entry is a JSON object with members:

name

Test name.

config

Configuration that the test can run on. Empty string means any config.

command

List where the first element is the test command and the remaining elements are the command arguments.

backtrace

Index into the nodes member of the backtraceGraph.

properties

Test properties. Can contain keys for each of the supported test properties.

Resource Allocation

CTest provides a mechanism for tests to specify the resources that they need in a fine-grained way, and for users to specify the resources available on the running machine. This allows CTest to internally keep track of which resources are in use and which are free, scheduling tests in a way that prevents them from trying to claim resources that are not available.

When the resource allocation feature is used, CTest will not oversubscribe resources. For example, if a resource has 8 slots, CTest will not run tests that collectively use more than 8 slots at a time. This has the effect of limiting how many tests can run at any given time, even if a high -j argument is used, if those tests all use some slots from the same resource. In addition, it means that a single test that uses more of a resource than is available on a machine will not run at all (and will be reported as Not Run).

A common use case for this feature is for tests that require the use of a GPU. Multiple tests can simultaneously allocate memory from a GPU, but if too many tests try to do this at once, some of them will fail to allocate, resulting in a failed test, even though the test would have succeeded if it had the memory it needed. By using the resource allocation feature, each test can specify how much memory it requires from a GPU, allowing CTest to schedule tests in a way that running several of these tests at once does not exhaust the GPU’s memory pool.

Please note that CTest has no concept of what a GPU is or how much memory it has, nor does it have any way of communicating with a GPU to retrieve this information or perform any memory management. CTest simply keeps track of a list of abstract resource types, each of which has a certain number of slots available for tests to use. Each test specifies the number of slots that it requires from a certain resource, and CTest then schedules them in a way that prevents the total number of slots in use from exceeding the listed capacity. When a test is executed, and slots from a resource are allocated to that test, tests may assume that they have exclusive use of those slots for the duration of the test’s process.

The CTest resource allocation feature consists of two inputs:

When CTest runs a test, the resources allocated to that test are passed in the form of a set of environment variables as described below. Using this information to decide which resource to connect to is left to the test writer.

The RESOURCE_GROUPS property tells CTest what resources a test expects to use grouped in a way meaningful to the test. The test itself must read the environment variables to determine which resources have been allocated to each group. For example, each group may correspond to a process the test will spawn when executed.

Note that even if a test specifies a RESOURCE_GROUPS property, it is still possible for that to test to run without any resource allocation (and without the corresponding environment variables) if the user does not pass a resource specification file. Passing this file, either through the --resource-spec-file command-line argument or the RESOURCE_SPEC_FILE argument to ctest_test(), is what activates the resource allocation feature. Tests should check the CTEST_RESOURCE_GROUP_COUNT environment variable to find out whether or not resource allocation is activated. This variable will always (and only) be defined if resource allocation is activated. If resource allocation is not activated, then the CTEST_RESOURCE_GROUP_COUNT variable will not exist, even if it exists for the parent ctest process. If a test absolutely must have resource allocation, then it can return a failing exit code or use the SKIP_RETURN_CODE or SKIP_REGULAR_EXPRESSION properties to indicate a skipped test.

Resource Specification File

The resource specification file is a JSON file which is passed to CTest, either on the ctest(1) command line as --resource-spec-file, or as the RESOURCE_SPEC_FILE argument of ctest_test(). If a dashboard script is used and RESOURCE_SPEC_FILE is not specified, the value of CTEST_RESOURCE_SPEC_FILE in the dashboard script is used instead. If --resource-spec-file, RESOURCE_SPEC_FILE, and CTEST_RESOURCE_SPEC_FILE in the dashboard script are not specified, the value of CTEST_RESOURCE_SPEC_FILE in the CMake build is used instead. If none of these are specified, no resource spec file is used.

The resource specification file must be a JSON object. All examples in this document assume the following resource specification file:

{
  "version": {
    "major": 1,
    "minor": 0
  },
  "local": [
    {
      "gpus": [
        {
          "id": "0",
          "slots": 2
        },
        {
          "id": "1",
          "slots": 4
        },
        {
          "id": "2",
          "slots": 2
        },
        {
          "id": "3"
        }
      ],
      "crypto_chips": [
        {
          "id": "card0",
          "slots": 4
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

The members are:

version

An object containing a major integer field and a minor integer field. Currently, the only supported version is major 1, minor 0. Any other value is an error.

local

A JSON array of resource sets present on the system. Currently, this array is restricted to being of size 1.

Each array element is a JSON object with members whose names are equal to the desired resource types, such as gpus. These names must start with a lowercase letter or an underscore, and subsequent characters can be a lowercase letter, a digit, or an underscore. Uppercase letters are not allowed, because certain platforms have case-insensitive environment variables. See the Environment Variables section below for more information. It is recommended that the resource type name be the plural of a noun, such as gpus or crypto_chips (and not gpu or crypto_chip.)

Please note that the names gpus and crypto_chips are just examples, and CTest does not interpret them in any way. You are free to make up any resource type you want to meet your own requirements.

The value for each resource type is a JSON array consisting of JSON objects, each of which describe a specific instance of the specified resource. These objects have the following members:

id

A string consisting of an identifier for the resource. Each character in the identifier can be a lowercase letter, a digit, or an underscore. Uppercase letters are not allowed.

Identifiers must be unique within a resource type. However, they do not have to be unique across resource types. For example, it is valid to have a gpus resource named 0 and a crypto_chips resource named 0, but not two gpus resources both named 0.

Please note that the IDs 0, 1, 2, 3, and card0 are just examples, and CTest does not interpret them in any way. You are free to make up any IDs you want to meet your own requirements.

slots

An optional unsigned number specifying the number of slots available on the resource. For example, this could be megabytes of RAM on a GPU, or cryptography units available on a cryptography chip. If slots is not specified, a default value of 1 is assumed.

In the example file above, there are four GPUs with ID’s 0 through 3. GPU 0 has 2 slots, GPU 1 has 4, GPU 2 has 2, and GPU 3 has a default of 1 slot. There is also one cryptography chip with 4 slots.

RESOURCE_GROUPS Property

See RESOURCE_GROUPS for a description of this property.

Environment Variables

Once CTest has decided which resources to allocate to a test, it passes this information to the test executable as a series of environment variables. For each example below, we will assume that the test in question has a RESOURCE_GROUPS property of 2,gpus:2;gpus:4,gpus:1,crypto_chips:2.

The following variables are passed to the test process:

CTEST_RESOURCE_GROUP_COUNT

The total number of groups specified by the RESOURCE_GROUPS property. For example:

  • CTEST_RESOURCE_GROUP_COUNT=3

This variable will only be defined if ctest(1) has been given a --resource-spec-file, or if ctest_test() has been given a RESOURCE_SPEC_FILE. If no resource specification file has been given, this variable will not be defined.

CTEST_RESOURCE_GROUP_<num>

The list of resource types allocated to each group, with each item separated by a comma. <num> is a number from zero to CTEST_RESOURCE_GROUP_COUNT minus one. CTEST_RESOURCE_GROUP_<num> is defined for each <num> in this range. For example:

  • CTEST_RESOURCE_GROUP_0=gpus
  • CTEST_RESOURCE_GROUP_1=gpus
  • CTEST_RESOURCE_GROUP_2=crypto_chips,gpus
CTEST_RESOURCE_GROUP_<num>_<resource-type>

The list of resource IDs and number of slots from each ID allocated to each group for a given resource type. This variable consists of a series of pairs, each pair separated by a semicolon, and with the two items in the pair separated by a comma. The first item in each pair is id: followed by the ID of a resource of type <resource-type>, and the second item is slots: followed by the number of slots from that resource allocated to the given group. For example:

  • CTEST_RESOURCE_GROUP_0_GPUS=id:0,slots:2
  • CTEST_RESOURCE_GROUP_1_GPUS=id:2,slots:2
  • CTEST_RESOURCE_GROUP_2_GPUS=id:1,slots:4;id:3,slots:1
  • CTEST_RESOURCE_GROUP_2_CRYPTO_CHIPS=id:card0,slots:2

In this example, group 0 gets 2 slots from GPU 0, group 1 gets 2 slots from GPU 2, and group 2 gets 4 slots from GPU 1, 1 slot from GPU 3, and 2 slots from cryptography chip card0.

<num> is a number from zero to CTEST_RESOURCE_GROUP_COUNT minus one. <resource-type> is the name of a resource type, converted to uppercase. CTEST_RESOURCE_GROUP_<num>_<resource-type> is defined for the product of each <num> in the range listed above and each resource type listed in CTEST_RESOURCE_GROUP_<num>.

Because some platforms have case-insensitive names for environment variables, the names of resource types may not clash in a case-insensitive environment. Because of this, for the sake of simplicity, all resource types must be listed in all lowercase in the resource specification file and in the RESOURCE_GROUPS property, and they are converted to all uppercase in the CTEST_RESOURCE_GROUP_<num>_<resource-type> environment variable.

See Also

The following resources are available to get help using CMake:

Home Page

https://cmake.org

The primary starting point for learning about CMake.

Online Documentation and Community Resources

https://cmake.org/documentation

Links to available documentation and community resources may be found on this web page.

Discourse Forum

https://discourse.cmake.org

The Discourse Forum hosts discussion and questions about CMake.

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Licensed under the BSD 3-clause License.
https://cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.19/manual/ctest.1.html