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std::ranges::views::repeat, std::ranges::repeat_view

Defined in header <ranges> 
template< std::move_constructible W,
          std::semiregular Bound = std::unreachable_sentinel_t >
    requires (std::is_object_v<W> && std::same_as<W, std::remove_cv_t<W>> &&
             (/*is-integer-like*/<Bound> ||
              std::same_as<Bound, std::unreachable_sentinel_t>))
class repeat_view : public ranges::view_interface<repeat_view<W, Bound>>
 (1) (since C++23) 
namespace views {
    inline constexpr /*unspecified*/ repeat = /*unspecified*/;
}
 (2) (since C++23)
Call signature 
template< class W >
    requires /* see below */
constexpr /* see below */ repeat( W&& value );
 (since C++23) 
template< class W, class Bound >
    requires /* see below */
constexpr /* see below */ repeat( W&& value, Bound&& bound );
 (since C++23)
1) A range factory that generates a sequence of elements by repeatedly producing the same value. Can be either bounded or unbounded (infinite).
2) views::repeat(e) and views::repeat(e, f) are expression-equivalent to (has the same effect as) repeat_view(e) and repeat_view(e, f) respectively for any suitable subexpressions e and f.

Customization point objects

The name views::repeat denotes a customization point object, which is a const function object of a literal semiregular class type. For exposition purposes, the cv-unqualified version of its type is denoted as __repeat_fn.

All instances of __repeat_fn are equal. The effects of invoking different instances of type __repeat_fn on the same arguments are equivalent, regardless of whether the expression denoting the instance is an lvalue or rvalue, and is const-qualified or not (however, a volatile-qualified instance is not required to be invocable). Thus, views::repeat can be copied freely and its copies can be used interchangeably.

Given a set of types Args..., if std::declval<Args>()... meet the requirements for arguments to views::repeat above, __repeat_fn models
.

Otherwise, no function call operator of __repeat_fn participates in overload resolution.

Data members

Typical implementation of repeat_view holds two non-static data members: the beginning value value_ of wrapped type /*movable-box*/<W> and the sentinel value bound_ of type Bound. The names shown here are exposition-only.

Member functions

(C++23)
 creates a repeat_view
(public member function)
(C++23)
 obtains the beginning iterator of a repeat_view
(public member function)
(C++23)
 obtains the sentinel denoting the end of a repeat_view
(public member function)
(C++23)
 obtains the size of a repeat_view if it is sized
(public member function)
Inherited from std::ranges::view_interface
(C++20)
 returns whether the derived view is empty. Provided if it satisfies sized_range or forward_range.
(public member function of std::ranges::view_interface<D>)
(C++23)
 returns a constant iterator to the beginning of the range.
(public member function of std::ranges::view_interface<D>)
(C++23)
 returns a sentinel for the constant iterator of the range.
(public member function of std::ranges::view_interface<D>)
(C++20)
 returns whether the derived view is not empty. Provided if ranges::empty is applicable to it.
(public member function of std::ranges::view_interface<D>)
(C++20)
 returns the first element in the derived view. Provided if it satisfies forward_range.
(public member function of std::ranges::view_interface<D>)
(C++20)
 returns the last element in the derived view. Provided if it satisfies bidirectional_range and common_range.
(public member function of std::ranges::view_interface<D>)
(C++20)
 returns the nth element in the derived view. Provided if it satisfies random_access_range.
(public member function of std::ranges::view_interface<D>)

std::ranges::repeat_view::repeat_view

repeat_view() requires std::default_initializable<W> = default;
 (1) (since C++23) 
constexpr explicit repeat_view( const W& value, Bound bound = Bound() );
 (2) (since C++23) 
constexpr explicit repeat_view( W&& value, Bound bound = Bound() );
 (3) (since C++23) 
template < class... WArgs, class... BoundArgs >
  requires std::constructible_from<W, WArgs...>
        && std::constructible_from<Bound, BoundArgs...>
constexpr explicit repeat( std::piecewise_construct_t,
                           std::tuple<WArgs...> value_args,
                           std::tuple<BoundArgs...> bound_args = std::tuple<>{} );
 (4) (since C++23)
1) Value-initializes value_ and bound_ via their default member initializers (= W() and = Bound()).
2) Initializes value_ with value and initializes bound_ with bound. The behavior is undefined if Bound is not std::unreachable_sentinel_t and bool(bound >= 0) is false.
3) Initializes value_ with std::move(value) and initializes bound_ with bound. The behavior is undefined if Bound is not std::unreachable_sentinel_t and bool(bound >= 0) is false.
4) Initializes value_ and bound_ through piecewise construction.

Parameters

value - the value to be repeatedly produced
bound - the bound

std::ranges::repeat_view::begin

constexpr /*iterator*/ begin() const;
 (since C++23)

Returns an iterator initialized with std::addressof(*value_).

std::ranges::repeat_view::end

constexpr /*iterator*/ end() const
    requires (!std::same_as<Bound, std::unreachable_sentinel_t>);
 (1) (since C++23) 
constexpr std::unreachable_sentinel_t end() const;
 (2) (since C++23)
1) Returns an iterator initialized with std::addressof(*value_) and bound_.
2) Returns an std::unreachable_sentinel.

std::ranges::repeat_view::size

constexpr auto size() const
    requires (!std::same_as<Bound, std::unreachable_sentinel_t>);
 (since C++23)

Returns the size of the view if the view is bounded. Equivalent to return /*to-unsigned-like*/(bound_);.

The exposition-only function template to-unsigned-like converts its argument (which must be integer-like) to the corresponding unsigned version of the argument type.

Deduction guides

template< class W, class Bound >
repeat_view( W, Bound ) -> repeat_view<W, Bound>;
 (since C++23)

Nested classes

(C++23)
 the iterator type
(exposition-only member class)

Notes

If Bound is not std::unreachable_sentinel_t, the repeat_view models sized_range and common_range.

Feature-test macro Value Std Comment
__cpp_lib_ranges_repeat 202207L (C++23) std::ranges::repeat_view

Example

#include <iostream>
#include <ranges>
#include <string_view>
using namespace std::literals;
 
int main()
{
    // bounded overload
    for (auto s: std::views::repeat("C++"sv, 3))
        std::cout << s << ' ';
    std::cout << '\n';
 
    // unbounded overload
    for (auto s : std::views::repeat("I know that you know that"sv)
                | std::views::take(3))
        std::cout << s << ' ';
    std::cout << "...\n";
}

Output:

C++ C++ C++
I know that you know that I know that you know that I know that you know that ...

See also

(C++20)
 a view consisting of a sequence generated by repeatedly incrementing an initial value
(class template) (customization point object)

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