/CSS

# matrix()

The matrix() CSS function defines a homogeneous 2D transformation matrix. Its result is a <transform-function> data type.

Note: matrix(a, b, c, d, tx, ty) is a shorthand for matrix3d(a, b, 0, 0, c, d, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, tx, ty, 0, 1).

## Syntax

The matrix() function is specified with six values. The constant values are implied and not passed as parameters; the other parameters are described in the column-major order.

Note: Until Firefox 16, Gecko accepted a <length> value for tx and ty.
matrix(a, b, c, d, tx, ty)

### Values

a b c d
Are <number>s describing the linear transformation.
tx ty
Are <number>s describing the translation to apply.
Cartesian coordinates on ℝ2 Homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ2 Cartesian coordinates on ℝ3 Homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ3
$\left(\begin{array}{cc}a& c\\ b& d\end{array}\right)$ $\left(\begin{array}{ccc}a& c& tx\\ b& d& ty\\ 0& 0& 1\end{array}\right)$ $\left(\begin{array}{ccc}a& c& tx\\ b& d& ty\\ 0& 0& 1\end{array}\right)$ $\left(\begin{array}{cccc}a& c& 0& tx\\ b& d& 0& ty\\ 0& 0& 1& 0\\ 0& 0& 0& 1\end{array}\right)$
[a b c d tx ty]

## Examples

### HTML

<div>Normal</div>
<div class="changed">Changed</div>

### CSS

div {
width: 80px;
height: 80px;
background-color: skyblue;
}

.changed {
transform: matrix(1, 2, -1, 1, 80, 80);
background-color: pink;
}

## Browser compatibility

Please see the <transform-function> data type for compatibility info.