The SharedWorker interface represents a specific kind of worker that can be accessed from several browsing contexts, such as several windows, iframes or even workers. They implement an interface different than dedicated workers and have a different global scope, SharedWorkerGlobalScope.

SharedWorker()

Creates a shared web worker that executes the script at the specified URL.

Inherits properties from its parent, EventTarget.

SharedWorker.port Read only

Returns a MessagePort object used to communicate with and control the shared worker.

error

Fires when an error occurs in the shared worker.

Inherits methods from its parent, EventTarget.

In our Basic shared worker example (run shared worker), we have two HTML pages, each of which uses some JavaScript to perform a simple calculation. The different scripts are using the same worker file to perform the calculation — they can both access it, even if their pages are running inside different windows.

The following code snippet shows creation of a SharedWorker object using the SharedWorker() constructor. Both scripts contain this:

const myWorker = new SharedWorker("worker.js");

Both scripts then access the worker through a MessagePort object created using the SharedWorker.port property. If the onmessage event is attached using addEventListener, the port is manually started using its start() method:

myWorker.port.start();

When the port is started, both scripts post messages to the worker and handle messages sent from it using port.postMessage() and port.onmessage, respectively:

first.onchange = () => {
  myWorker.port.postMessage([first.value, second.value]);
  console.log("Message posted to worker");
};

second.onchange = () => {
  myWorker.port.postMessage([first.value, second.value]);
  console.log("Message posted to worker");
};

myWorker.port.onmessage = (e) => {
  result1.textContent = e.data;
  console.log("Message received from worker");
};

Inside the worker we use the onconnect handler to connect to the same port discussed above. The ports associated with that worker are accessible in the connect event's ports property — we then use MessagePort start() method to start the port, and the onmessage handler to deal with messages sent from the main threads.

onconnect = (e) => {
  const port = e.ports[0];

  port.addEventListener("message", (e) => {
    const workerResult = `Result: ${e.data[0] * e.data[1]}`;
    port.postMessage(workerResult);
  });

  port.start(); // Required when using addEventListener. Otherwise called implicitly by onmessage setter.
};

• Worker