public static final int MIN_RADIX

The minimum radix available for conversion to and from strings. The constant value of this field is the smallest value permitted for the radix argument in radix-conversion methods such as the digit method, the forDigit method, and the toString method of class Integer.

public static final int MAX_RADIX

The maximum radix available for conversion to and from strings. The constant value of this field is the largest value permitted for the radix argument in radix-conversion methods such as the digit method, the forDigit method, and the toString method of class Integer.

public static final char MIN_VALUE

The constant value of this field is the smallest value of type char, '\u0000'.

public static final char MAX_VALUE

The constant value of this field is the largest value of type char, '\uFFFF'.

public static final Class<Character> TYPE

The Class instance representing the primitive type char.

public static final byte UNASSIGNED

General category "Cn" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte UPPERCASE_LETTER

General category "Lu" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte LOWERCASE_LETTER

General category "Ll" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte TITLECASE_LETTER

General category "Lt" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte MODIFIER_LETTER

General category "Lm" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte OTHER_LETTER

General category "Lo" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte NON_SPACING_MARK

General category "Mn" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte ENCLOSING_MARK

General category "Me" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte COMBINING_SPACING_MARK

General category "Mc" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DECIMAL_DIGIT_NUMBER

General category "Nd" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte LETTER_NUMBER

General category "Nl" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte OTHER_NUMBER

General category "No" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte SPACE_SEPARATOR

General category "Zs" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte LINE_SEPARATOR

General category "Zl" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte PARAGRAPH_SEPARATOR

General category "Zp" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte CONTROL

General category "Cc" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte FORMAT

General category "Cf" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte PRIVATE_USE

General category "Co" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte SURROGATE

General category "Cs" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DASH_PUNCTUATION

General category "Pd" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte START_PUNCTUATION

General category "Ps" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte END_PUNCTUATION

General category "Pe" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte CONNECTOR_PUNCTUATION

General category "Pc" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte OTHER_PUNCTUATION

General category "Po" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte MATH_SYMBOL

General category "Sm" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte CURRENCY_SYMBOL

General category "Sc" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte MODIFIER_SYMBOL

General category "Sk" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte OTHER_SYMBOL

General category "So" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte INITIAL_QUOTE_PUNCTUATION

General category "Pi" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte FINAL_QUOTE_PUNCTUATION

General category "Pf" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_UNDEFINED

Undefined bidirectional character type. Undefined char values have undefined directionality in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_LEFT_TO_RIGHT

Strong bidirectional character type "L" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFT

Strong bidirectional character type "R" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFT_ARABIC

Strong bidirectional character type "AL" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_EUROPEAN_NUMBER

Weak bidirectional character type "EN" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_EUROPEAN_NUMBER_SEPARATOR

Weak bidirectional character type "ES" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_EUROPEAN_NUMBER_TERMINATOR

Weak bidirectional character type "ET" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_ARABIC_NUMBER

Weak bidirectional character type "AN" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_COMMON_NUMBER_SEPARATOR

Weak bidirectional character type "CS" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_NONSPACING_MARK

Weak bidirectional character type "NSM" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_BOUNDARY_NEUTRAL

Weak bidirectional character type "BN" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_PARAGRAPH_SEPARATOR

Neutral bidirectional character type "B" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_SEGMENT_SEPARATOR

Neutral bidirectional character type "S" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_WHITESPACE

Neutral bidirectional character type "WS" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_OTHER_NEUTRALS

Neutral bidirectional character type "ON" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_LEFT_TO_RIGHT_EMBEDDING

Strong bidirectional character type "LRE" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_LEFT_TO_RIGHT_OVERRIDE

Strong bidirectional character type "LRO" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFT_EMBEDDING

Strong bidirectional character type "RLE" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFT_OVERRIDE

Strong bidirectional character type "RLO" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_POP_DIRECTIONAL_FORMAT

Weak bidirectional character type "PDF" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_LEFT_TO_RIGHT_ISOLATE

Weak bidirectional character type "LRI" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFT_ISOLATE

Weak bidirectional character type "RLI" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_FIRST_STRONG_ISOLATE

Weak bidirectional character type "FSI" in the Unicode specification.

public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_POP_DIRECTIONAL_ISOLATE

Weak bidirectional character type "PDI" in the Unicode specification.

public static final char MIN_HIGH_SURROGATE

The minimum value of a Unicode high-surrogate code unit in the UTF-16 encoding, constant '\uD800'. A high-surrogate is also known as a leading-surrogate.

public static final char MAX_HIGH_SURROGATE

The maximum value of a Unicode high-surrogate code unit in the UTF-16 encoding, constant '\uDBFF'. A high-surrogate is also known as a leading-surrogate.

public static final char MIN_LOW_SURROGATE

The minimum value of a Unicode low-surrogate code unit in the UTF-16 encoding, constant '\uDC00'. A low-surrogate is also known as a trailing-surrogate.

public static final char MAX_LOW_SURROGATE

The maximum value of a Unicode low-surrogate code unit in the UTF-16 encoding, constant '\uDFFF'. A low-surrogate is also known as a trailing-surrogate.

public static final char MIN_SURROGATE

The minimum value of a Unicode surrogate code unit in the UTF-16 encoding, constant '\uD800'.

public static final char MAX_SURROGATE

The maximum value of a Unicode surrogate code unit in the UTF-16 encoding, constant '\uDFFF'.

public static final int MIN_SUPPLEMENTARY_CODE_POINT

The minimum value of a Unicode supplementary code point, constant U+10000.

public static final int MIN_CODE_POINT

The minimum value of a Unicode code point, constant U+0000.

public static final int MAX_CODE_POINT

The maximum value of a Unicode code point, constant U+10FFFF.

public static final int SIZE

The number of bits used to represent a char value in unsigned binary form, constant 16.

public static final int BYTES

The number of bytes used to represent a char value in unsigned binary form.

@Deprecated(since="9", forRemoval=true) public Character(char value)

Constructs a newly allocated Character object that represents the specified char value.

public Optional<DynamicConstantDesc<Character>> describeConstable()

Returns an Optional containing the nominal descriptor for this instance.

public static Character valueOf(char c)

Returns a Character instance representing the specified char value. If a new Character instance is not required, this method should generally be used in preference to the constructor Character(char), as this method is likely to yield significantly better space and time performance by caching frequently requested values. This method will always cache values in the range '\u0000' to '\u007F', inclusive, and may cache other values outside of this range.

public char charValue()

Returns the value of this Character object.

public int hashCode()

Returns a hash code for this Character; equal to the result of invoking charValue().

public static int hashCode(char value)

Returns a hash code for a char value; compatible with Character.hashCode().

public boolean equals(Object obj)

Compares this object against the specified object. The result is true if and only if the argument is not null and is a Character object that represents the same char value as this object.

public String toString()

Returns a String object representing this Character's value. The result is a string of length 1 whose sole component is the primitive char value represented by this Character object.

public static String toString(char c)

Returns a String object representing the specified char. The result is a string of length 1 consisting solely of the specified char.

public static String toString(int codePoint)

Returns a String object representing the specified character (Unicode code point). The result is a string of length 1 or 2, consisting solely of the specified codePoint.

public static boolean isValidCodePoint(int codePoint)

Determines whether the specified code point is a valid Unicode code point value.

public static boolean isBmpCodePoint(int codePoint)

Determines whether the specified character (Unicode code point) is in the Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP). Such code points can be represented using a single char.

public static boolean isSupplementaryCodePoint(int codePoint)

Determines whether the specified character (Unicode code point) is in the supplementary character range.

public static boolean isHighSurrogate(char ch)

Determines if the given char value is a Unicode high-surrogate code unit (also known as leading-surrogate code unit).

Such values do not represent characters by themselves, but are used in the representation of supplementary characters in the UTF-16 encoding.

public static boolean isLowSurrogate(char ch)

Determines if the given char value is a Unicode low-surrogate code unit (also known as trailing-surrogate code unit).

Such values do not represent characters by themselves, but are used in the representation of supplementary characters in the UTF-16 encoding.

public static boolean isSurrogate(char ch)

Determines if the given char value is a Unicode surrogate code unit.

Such values do not represent characters by themselves, but are used in the representation of supplementary characters in the UTF-16 encoding.

A char value is a surrogate code unit if and only if it is either a low-surrogate code unit or a high-surrogate code unit.

public static boolean isSurrogatePair(char high, char low)

Determines whether the specified pair of char values is a valid Unicode surrogate pair.

This method is equivalent to the expression:

 isHighSurrogate(high) && isLowSurrogate(low)
 

public static int charCount(int codePoint)

Determines the number of char values needed to represent the specified character (Unicode code point). If the specified character is equal to or greater than 0x10000, then the method returns 2. Otherwise, the method returns 1.

This method doesn't validate the specified character to be a valid Unicode code point. The caller must validate the character value using isValidCodePoint if necessary.

public static int toCodePoint(char high, char low)

Converts the specified surrogate pair to its supplementary code point value. This method does not validate the specified surrogate pair. The caller must validate it using isSurrogatePair if necessary.

public static int codePointAt(CharSequence seq, int index)

Returns the code point at the given index of the CharSequence. If the char value at the given index in the CharSequence is in the high-surrogate range, the following index is less than the length of the CharSequence, and the char value at the following index is in the low-surrogate range, then the supplementary code point corresponding to this surrogate pair is returned. Otherwise, the char value at the given index is returned.

public static int codePointAt(char[] a, int index)

Returns the code point at the given index of the char array. If the char value at the given index in the char array is in the high-surrogate range, the following index is less than the length of the char array, and the char value at the following index is in the low-surrogate range, then the supplementary code point corresponding to this surrogate pair is returned. Otherwise, the char value at the given index is returned.

public static int codePointAt(char[] a, int index, int limit)

Returns the code point at the given index of the char array, where only array elements with index less than limit can be used. If the char value at the given index in the char array is in the high-surrogate range, the following index is less than the limit, and the char value at the following index is in the low-surrogate range, then the supplementary code point corresponding to this surrogate pair is returned. Otherwise, the char value at the given index is returned.

public static int codePointBefore(CharSequence seq, int index)

Returns the code point preceding the given index of the CharSequence. If the char value at (index - 1) in the CharSequence is in the low-surrogate range, (index - 2) is not negative, and the char value at (index - 2) in the CharSequence is in the high-surrogate range, then the supplementary code point corresponding to this surrogate pair is returned. Otherwise, the char value at (index - 1) is returned.

public static int codePointBefore(char[] a, int index)

Returns the code point preceding the given index of the char array. If the char value at (index - 1) in the char array is in the low-surrogate range, (index - 2) is not negative, and the char value at (index - 2) in the char array is in the high-surrogate range, then the supplementary code point corresponding to this surrogate pair is returned. Otherwise, the char value at (index - 1) is returned.

public static int codePointBefore(char[] a, int index, int start)

Returns the code point preceding the given index of the char array, where only array elements with index greater than or equal to start can be used. If the char value at (index - 1) in the char array is in the low-surrogate range, (index - 2) is not less than start, and the char value at (index - 2) in the char array is in the high-surrogate range, then the supplementary code point corresponding to this surrogate pair is returned. Otherwise, the char value at (index - 1) is returned.

public static char highSurrogate(int codePoint)

Returns the leading surrogate (a high surrogate code unit) of the surrogate pair representing the specified supplementary character (Unicode code point) in the UTF-16 encoding. If the specified character is not a supplementary character, an unspecified char is returned.

If isSupplementaryCodePoint(x) is true, then isHighSurrogate(highSurrogate(x)) and toCodePoint(highSurrogate(x), lowSurrogate(x)) == x are also always true.

public static char lowSurrogate(int codePoint)

Returns the trailing surrogate (a low surrogate code unit) of the surrogate pair representing the specified supplementary character (Unicode code point) in the UTF-16 encoding. If the specified character is not a supplementary character, an unspecified char is returned.

If isSupplementaryCodePoint(x) is true, then isLowSurrogate(lowSurrogate(x)) and toCodePoint(highSurrogate(x), lowSurrogate(x)) == x are also always true.

public static int toChars(int codePoint, char[] dst, int dstIndex)

Converts the specified character (Unicode code point) to its UTF-16 representation. If the specified code point is a BMP (Basic Multilingual Plane or Plane 0) value, the same value is stored in dst[dstIndex], and 1 is returned. If the specified code point is a supplementary character, its surrogate values are stored in dst[dstIndex] (high-surrogate) and dst[dstIndex+1] (low-surrogate), and 2 is returned.

public static char[] toChars(int codePoint)

Converts the specified character (Unicode code point) to its UTF-16 representation stored in a char array. If the specified code point is a BMP (Basic Multilingual Plane or Plane 0) value, the resulting char array has the same value as codePoint. If the specified code point is a supplementary code point, the resulting char array has the corresponding surrogate pair.

public static int codePointCount(CharSequence seq, int beginIndex, int endIndex)

Returns the number of Unicode code points in the text range of the specified char sequence. The text range begins at the specified beginIndex and extends to the char at index endIndex - 1. Thus the length (in chars) of the text range is endIndex-beginIndex. Unpaired surrogates within the text range count as one code point each.

public static int codePointCount(char[] a, int offset, int count)

Returns the number of Unicode code points in a subarray of the char array argument. The offset argument is the index of the first char of the subarray and the count argument specifies the length of the subarray in chars. Unpaired surrogates within the subarray count as one code point each.

public static int offsetByCodePoints(CharSequence seq, int index, int codePointOffset)

Returns the index within the given char sequence that is offset from the given index by codePointOffset code points. Unpaired surrogates within the text range given by index and codePointOffset count as one code point each.

public static int offsetByCodePoints(char[] a, int start, int count, int index, int codePointOffset)

Returns the index within the given char subarray that is offset from the given index by codePointOffset code points. The start and count arguments specify a subarray of the char array. Unpaired surrogates within the text range given by index and codePointOffset count as one code point each.

public static boolean isLowerCase(char ch)

Determines if the specified character is a lowercase character.

A character is lowercase if its general category type, provided by Character.getType(ch), is LOWERCASE_LETTER, or it has contributory property Other_Lowercase as defined by the Unicode Standard.

The following are examples of lowercase characters:

 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
 '\u00DF' '\u00E0' '\u00E1' '\u00E2' '\u00E3' '\u00E4' '\u00E5' '\u00E6'
 '\u00E7' '\u00E8' '\u00E9' '\u00EA' '\u00EB' '\u00EC' '\u00ED' '\u00EE'
 '\u00EF' '\u00F0' '\u00F1' '\u00F2' '\u00F3' '\u00F4' '\u00F5' '\u00F6'
 '\u00F8' '\u00F9' '\u00FA' '\u00FB' '\u00FC' '\u00FD' '\u00FE' '\u00FF'
 

Many other Unicode characters are lowercase too.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isLowerCase(int) method.

public static boolean isLowerCase(int codePoint)

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a lowercase character.

A character is lowercase if its general category type, provided by getType(codePoint), is LOWERCASE_LETTER, or it has contributory property Other_Lowercase as defined by the Unicode Standard.

The following are examples of lowercase characters:

 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
 '\u00DF' '\u00E0' '\u00E1' '\u00E2' '\u00E3' '\u00E4' '\u00E5' '\u00E6'
 '\u00E7' '\u00E8' '\u00E9' '\u00EA' '\u00EB' '\u00EC' '\u00ED' '\u00EE'
 '\u00EF' '\u00F0' '\u00F1' '\u00F2' '\u00F3' '\u00F4' '\u00F5' '\u00F6'
 '\u00F8' '\u00F9' '\u00FA' '\u00FB' '\u00FC' '\u00FD' '\u00FE' '\u00FF'
 

Many other Unicode characters are lowercase too.

public static boolean isUpperCase(char ch)

Determines if the specified character is an uppercase character.

A character is uppercase if its general category type, provided by Character.getType(ch), is UPPERCASE_LETTER. or it has contributory property Other_Uppercase as defined by the Unicode Standard.

The following are examples of uppercase characters:

 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
 '\u00C0' '\u00C1' '\u00C2' '\u00C3' '\u00C4' '\u00C5' '\u00C6' '\u00C7'
 '\u00C8' '\u00C9' '\u00CA' '\u00CB' '\u00CC' '\u00CD' '\u00CE' '\u00CF'
 '\u00D0' '\u00D1' '\u00D2' '\u00D3' '\u00D4' '\u00D5' '\u00D6' '\u00D8'
 '\u00D9' '\u00DA' '\u00DB' '\u00DC' '\u00DD' '\u00DE'
 

Many other Unicode characters are uppercase too.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isUpperCase(int) method.

public static boolean isUpperCase(int codePoint)

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is an uppercase character.

A character is uppercase if its general category type, provided by getType(codePoint), is UPPERCASE_LETTER, or it has contributory property Other_Uppercase as defined by the Unicode Standard.

The following are examples of uppercase characters:

 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
 '\u00C0' '\u00C1' '\u00C2' '\u00C3' '\u00C4' '\u00C5' '\u00C6' '\u00C7'
 '\u00C8' '\u00C9' '\u00CA' '\u00CB' '\u00CC' '\u00CD' '\u00CE' '\u00CF'
 '\u00D0' '\u00D1' '\u00D2' '\u00D3' '\u00D4' '\u00D5' '\u00D6' '\u00D8'
 '\u00D9' '\u00DA' '\u00DB' '\u00DC' '\u00DD' '\u00DE'
 

Many other Unicode characters are uppercase too.

public static boolean isTitleCase(char ch)

Determines if the specified character is a titlecase character.

A character is a titlecase character if its general category type, provided by Character.getType(ch), is TITLECASE_LETTER.

Some characters look like pairs of Latin letters. For example, there is an uppercase letter that looks like "LJ" and has a corresponding lowercase letter that looks like "lj". A third form, which looks like "Lj", is the appropriate form to use when rendering a word in lowercase with initial capitals, as for a book title.

These are some of the Unicode characters for which this method returns true:

• LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON
• LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L WITH SMALL LETTER J
• LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH SMALL LETTER J
• LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH SMALL LETTER Z

Many other Unicode characters are titlecase too.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isTitleCase(int) method.

public static boolean isTitleCase(int codePoint)

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a titlecase character.

A character is a titlecase character if its general category type, provided by getType(codePoint), is TITLECASE_LETTER.

Some characters look like pairs of Latin letters. For example, there is an uppercase letter that looks like "LJ" and has a corresponding lowercase letter that looks like "lj". A third form, which looks like "Lj", is the appropriate form to use when rendering a word in lowercase with initial capitals, as for a book title.

These are some of the Unicode characters for which this method returns true:

• LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON
• LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L WITH SMALL LETTER J
• LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH SMALL LETTER J
• LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH SMALL LETTER Z

Many other Unicode characters are titlecase too.

public static boolean isDigit(char ch)

Determines if the specified character is a digit.

A character is a digit if its general category type, provided by Character.getType(ch), is DECIMAL_DIGIT_NUMBER.

Some Unicode character ranges that contain digits:

• '\u0030' through '\u0039', ISO-LATIN-1 digits ('0' through '9')
• '\u0660' through '\u0669', Arabic-Indic digits
• '\u06F0' through '\u06F9', Extended Arabic-Indic digits
• '\u0966' through '\u096F', Devanagari digits
• '\uFF10' through '\uFF19', Fullwidth digits

Many other character ranges contain digits as well.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isDigit(int) method.

public static boolean isDigit(int codePoint)

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a digit.

A character is a digit if its general category type, provided by getType(codePoint), is DECIMAL_DIGIT_NUMBER.

Some Unicode character ranges that contain digits:

• '\u0030' through '\u0039', ISO-LATIN-1 digits ('0' through '9')
• '\u0660' through '\u0669', Arabic-Indic digits
• '\u06F0' through '\u06F9', Extended Arabic-Indic digits
• '\u0966' through '\u096F', Devanagari digits
• '\uFF10' through '\uFF19', Fullwidth digits

Many other character ranges contain digits as well.

public static boolean isDefined(char ch)

Determines if a character is defined in Unicode.

A character is defined if at least one of the following is true:

• It has an entry in the UnicodeData file.
• It has a value in a range defined by the UnicodeData file.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isDefined(int) method.

public static boolean isDefined(int codePoint)

Determines if a character (Unicode code point) is defined in Unicode.

A character is defined if at least one of the following is true:

• It has an entry in the UnicodeData file.
• It has a value in a range defined by the UnicodeData file.

public static boolean isLetter(char ch)

Determines if the specified character is a letter.

A character is considered to be a letter if its general category type, provided by Character.getType(ch), is any of the following:

• UPPERCASE_LETTER
• LOWERCASE_LETTER
• TITLECASE_LETTER
• MODIFIER_LETTER
• OTHER_LETTER

Not all letters have case. Many characters are letters but are neither uppercase nor lowercase nor titlecase.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isLetter(int) method.

public static boolean isLetter(int codePoint)

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a letter.

A character is considered to be a letter if its general category type, provided by getType(codePoint), is any of the following:

• UPPERCASE_LETTER
• LOWERCASE_LETTER
• TITLECASE_LETTER
• MODIFIER_LETTER
• OTHER_LETTER

Not all letters have case. Many characters are letters but are neither uppercase nor lowercase nor titlecase.

public static boolean isLetterOrDigit(char ch)

Determines if the specified character is a letter or digit.

A character is considered to be a letter or digit if either Character.isLetter(char ch) or Character.isDigit(char ch) returns true for the character.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isLetterOrDigit(int) method.

public static boolean isLetterOrDigit(int codePoint)

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a letter or digit.

A character is considered to be a letter or digit if either isLetter(codePoint) or isDigit(codePoint) returns true for the character.

@Deprecated(since="1.1") public static boolean isJavaLetter(char ch)

Determines if the specified character is permissible as the first character in a Java identifier.

A character may start a Java identifier if and only if one of the following conditions is true:

• isLetter(ch) returns true
• getType(ch) returns LETTER_NUMBER
• ch is a currency symbol (such as '$')
• ch is a connecting punctuation character (such as '_').

@Deprecated(since="1.1") public static boolean isJavaLetterOrDigit(char ch)

Determines if the specified character may be part of a Java identifier as other than the first character.

A character may be part of a Java identifier if and only if one of the following conditions is true:

• it is a letter
• it is a currency symbol (such as '$')
• it is a connecting punctuation character (such as '_')
• it is a digit
• it is a numeric letter (such as a Roman numeral character)
• it is a combining mark
• it is a non-spacing mark
• isIdentifierIgnorable returns true for the character.

public static boolean isAlphabetic(int codePoint)

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is alphabetic.

A character is considered to be alphabetic if its general category type, provided by getType(codePoint), is any of the following:

• UPPERCASE_LETTER
• LOWERCASE_LETTER
• TITLECASE_LETTER
• MODIFIER_LETTER
• OTHER_LETTER
• LETTER_NUMBER

or it has contributory property Other_Alphabetic as defined by the Unicode Standard.

public static boolean isIdeographic(int codePoint)

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a CJKV (Chinese, Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese) ideograph, as defined by the Unicode Standard.

public static boolean isJavaIdentifierStart(char ch)

Determines if the specified character is permissible as the first character in a Java identifier.

A character may start a Java identifier if and only if one of the following conditions is true:

• isLetter(ch) returns true
• getType(ch) returns LETTER_NUMBER
• ch is a currency symbol (such as '$')
• ch is a connecting punctuation character (such as '_').

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isJavaIdentifierStart(int) method.

public static boolean isJavaIdentifierStart(int codePoint)

Determines if the character (Unicode code point) is permissible as the first character in a Java identifier.

A character may start a Java identifier if and only if one of the following conditions is true:

• isLetter(codePoint) returns true
• getType(codePoint) returns LETTER_NUMBER
• the referenced character is a currency symbol (such as '$')
• the referenced character is a connecting punctuation character (such as '_').

public static boolean isJavaIdentifierPart(char ch)

Determines if the specified character may be part of a Java identifier as other than the first character.

A character may be part of a Java identifier if any of the following conditions are true:

• it is a letter
• it is a currency symbol (such as '$')
• it is a connecting punctuation character (such as '_')
• it is a digit
• it is a numeric letter (such as a Roman numeral character)
• it is a combining mark
• it is a non-spacing mark
• isIdentifierIgnorable returns true for the character

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isJavaIdentifierPart(int) method.

public static boolean isJavaIdentifierPart(int codePoint)

Determines if the character (Unicode code point) may be part of a Java identifier as other than the first character.

A character may be part of a Java identifier if any of the following conditions are true:

• it is a letter
• it is a currency symbol (such as '$')
• it is a connecting punctuation character (such as '_')
• it is a digit
• it is a numeric letter (such as a Roman numeral character)
• it is a combining mark
• it is a non-spacing mark
• isIdentifierIgnorable(codePoint) returns true for the code point

public static boolean isUnicodeIdentifierStart(char ch)

Determines if the specified character is permissible as the first character in a Unicode identifier.

A character may start a Unicode identifier if and only if one of the following conditions is true:

• isLetter(ch) returns true
• getType(ch) returns LETTER_NUMBER.
• it is an Other_ID_Start character.

This method conforms to UAX31-R1: Default Identifiers requirement of the Unicode Standard, with the following profile of UAX31:

 Start := ID_Start + 'VERTICAL TILDE' (U+2E2F)
 

'VERTICAL TILDE' is added to Start for backward compatibility.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isUnicodeIdentifierStart(int) method.

public static boolean isUnicodeIdentifierStart(int codePoint)

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is permissible as the first character in a Unicode identifier.

A character may start a Unicode identifier if and only if one of the following conditions is true:

• isLetter(codePoint) returns true
• getType(codePoint) returns LETTER_NUMBER.
• it is an Other_ID_Start character.

This method conforms to UAX31-R1: Default Identifiers requirement of the Unicode Standard, with the following profile of UAX31:

 Start := ID_Start + 'VERTICAL TILDE' (U+2E2F)
 

'VERTICAL TILDE' is added to Start for backward compatibility.

public static boolean isUnicodeIdentifierPart(char ch)

Determines if the specified character may be part of a Unicode identifier as other than the first character.

A character may be part of a Unicode identifier if and only if one of the following statements is true:

• it is a letter
• it is a connecting punctuation character (such as '_')
• it is a digit
• it is a numeric letter (such as a Roman numeral character)
• it is a combining mark
• it is a non-spacing mark
• isIdentifierIgnorable returns true for this character.
• it is an Other_ID_Start character.
• it is an Other_ID_Continue character.

This method conforms to UAX31-R1: Default Identifiers requirement of the Unicode Standard, with the following profile of UAX31:

 Continue := Start + ID_Continue + ignorable
 Medial := empty
 ignorable := isIdentifierIgnorable(char) returns true for the character
 

ignorable is added to Continue for backward compatibility.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isUnicodeIdentifierPart(int) method.

public static boolean isUnicodeIdentifierPart(int codePoint)

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) may be part of a Unicode identifier as other than the first character.

A character may be part of a Unicode identifier if and only if one of the following statements is true:

• it is a letter
• it is a connecting punctuation character (such as '_')
• it is a digit
• it is a numeric letter (such as a Roman numeral character)
• it is a combining mark
• it is a non-spacing mark
• isIdentifierIgnorable returns true for this character.
• it is an Other_ID_Start character.
• it is an Other_ID_Continue character.

This method conforms to UAX31-R1: Default Identifiers requirement of the Unicode Standard, with the following profile of UAX31:

 Continue := Start + ID_Continue + ignorable
 Medial := empty
 ignorable := isIdentifierIgnorable(int) returns true for the character
 

ignorable is added to Continue for backward compatibility.

public static boolean isIdentifierIgnorable(char ch)

Determines if the specified character should be regarded as an ignorable character in a Java identifier or a Unicode identifier.

The following Unicode characters are ignorable in a Java identifier or a Unicode identifier:

• ISO control characters that are not whitespace
  • '\u0000' through '\u0008'
  • '\u000E' through '\u001B'
  • '\u007F' through '\u009F'
• all characters that have the FORMAT general category value

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isIdentifierIgnorable(int) method.

public static boolean isIdentifierIgnorable(int codePoint)

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) should be regarded as an ignorable character in a Java identifier or a Unicode identifier.

The following Unicode characters are ignorable in a Java identifier or a Unicode identifier:

• ISO control characters that are not whitespace
  • '\u0000' through '\u0008'
  • '\u000E' through '\u001B'
  • '\u007F' through '\u009F'
• all characters that have the FORMAT general category value

public static boolean isEmoji(int codePoint)

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is an Emoji.

A character is considered to be an Emoji if and only if it has the Emoji property, defined in Unicode Emoji (Technical Standard #51).

public static boolean isEmojiPresentation(int codePoint)

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) has the Emoji Presentation property by default.

A character is considered to have the Emoji Presentation property if and only if it has the Emoji_Presentation property, defined in Unicode Emoji (Technical Standard #51).

public static boolean isEmojiModifier(int codePoint)

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is an Emoji Modifier.

A character is considered to be an Emoji Modifier if and only if it has the Emoji_Modifier property, defined in Unicode Emoji (Technical Standard #51).

public static boolean isEmojiModifierBase(int codePoint)

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is an Emoji Modifier Base.

A character is considered to be an Emoji Modifier Base if and only if it has the Emoji_Modifier_Base property, defined in Unicode Emoji (Technical Standard #51).

public static boolean isEmojiComponent(int codePoint)

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is an Emoji Component.

A character is considered to be an Emoji Component if and only if it has the Emoji_Component property, defined in Unicode Emoji (Technical Standard #51).

public static boolean isExtendedPictographic(int codePoint)

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is an Extended Pictographic.

A character is considered to be an Extended Pictographic if and only if it has the Extended_Pictographic property, defined in Unicode Emoji (Technical Standard #51).

public static char toLowerCase(char ch)

Converts the character argument to lowercase using case mapping information from the UnicodeData file.

Note that Character.isLowerCase(Character.toLowerCase(ch)) does not always return true for some ranges of characters, particularly those that are symbols or ideographs.

In general, String.toLowerCase() should be used to map characters to lowercase. String case mapping methods have several benefits over Character case mapping methods. String case mapping methods can perform locale-sensitive mappings, context-sensitive mappings, and 1:M character mappings, whereas the Character case mapping methods cannot.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the toLowerCase(int) method.

public static int toLowerCase(int codePoint)

Converts the character (Unicode code point) argument to lowercase using case mapping information from the UnicodeData file.

Note that Character.isLowerCase(Character.toLowerCase(codePoint)) does not always return true for some ranges of characters, particularly those that are symbols or ideographs.

In general, String.toLowerCase() should be used to map characters to lowercase. String case mapping methods have several benefits over Character case mapping methods. String case mapping methods can perform locale-sensitive mappings, context-sensitive mappings, and 1:M character mappings, whereas the Character case mapping methods cannot.

public static char toUpperCase(char ch)

Converts the character argument to uppercase using case mapping information from the UnicodeData file.

Note that Character.isUpperCase(Character.toUpperCase(ch)) does not always return true for some ranges of characters, particularly those that are symbols or ideographs.

In general, String.toUpperCase() should be used to map characters to uppercase. String case mapping methods have several benefits over Character case mapping methods. String case mapping methods can perform locale-sensitive mappings, context-sensitive mappings, and 1:M character mappings, whereas the Character case mapping methods cannot.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the toUpperCase(int) method.

public static int toUpperCase(int codePoint)

Converts the character (Unicode code point) argument to uppercase using case mapping information from the UnicodeData file.

Note that Character.isUpperCase(Character.toUpperCase(codePoint)) does not always return true for some ranges of characters, particularly those that are symbols or ideographs.

In general, String.toUpperCase() should be used to map characters to uppercase. String case mapping methods have several benefits over Character case mapping methods. String case mapping methods can perform locale-sensitive mappings, context-sensitive mappings, and 1:M character mappings, whereas the Character case mapping methods cannot.

public static char toTitleCase(char ch)

Converts the character argument to titlecase using case mapping information from the UnicodeData file. If a character has no explicit titlecase mapping and is not itself a titlecase char according to UnicodeData, then the uppercase mapping is returned as an equivalent titlecase mapping. If the char argument is already a titlecase char, the same char value will be returned.

Note that Character.isTitleCase(Character.toTitleCase(ch)) does not always return true for some ranges of characters.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the toTitleCase(int) method.

public static int toTitleCase(int codePoint)

Converts the character (Unicode code point) argument to titlecase using case mapping information from the UnicodeData file. If a character has no explicit titlecase mapping and is not itself a titlecase char according to UnicodeData, then the uppercase mapping is returned as an equivalent titlecase mapping. If the character argument is already a titlecase character, the same character value will be returned.

Note that Character.isTitleCase(Character.toTitleCase(codePoint)) does not always return true for some ranges of characters.

public static int digit(char ch, int radix)

Returns the numeric value of the character ch in the specified radix.

If the radix is not in the range MIN_RADIX ≤ radix ≤ MAX_RADIX or if the value of ch is not a valid digit in the specified radix, -1 is returned. A character is a valid digit if at least one of the following is true:

• The method isDigit is true of the character and the Unicode decimal digit value of the character (or its single-character decomposition) is less than the specified radix. In this case the decimal digit value is returned.
• The character is one of the uppercase Latin letters 'A' through 'Z' and its code is less than radix + 'A' - 10. In this case, ch - 'A' + 10 is returned.
• The character is one of the lowercase Latin letters 'a' through 'z' and its code is less than radix + 'a' - 10. In this case, ch - 'a' + 10 is returned.
• The character is one of the fullwidth uppercase Latin letters A ('\uFF21') through Z ('\uFF3A') and its code is less than radix + '\uFF21' - 10. In this case, ch - '\uFF21' + 10 is returned.
• The character is one of the fullwidth lowercase Latin letters a ('\uFF41') through z ('\uFF5A') and its code is less than radix + '\uFF41' - 10. In this case, ch - '\uFF41' + 10 is returned.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the digit(int, int) method.

public static int digit(int codePoint, int radix)

Returns the numeric value of the specified character (Unicode code point) in the specified radix.

If the radix is not in the range MIN_RADIX ≤ radix ≤ MAX_RADIX or if the character is not a valid digit in the specified radix, -1 is returned. A character is a valid digit if at least one of the following is true:

• The method isDigit(codePoint) is true of the character and the Unicode decimal digit value of the character (or its single-character decomposition) is less than the specified radix. In this case the decimal digit value is returned.
• The character is one of the uppercase Latin letters 'A' through 'Z' and its code is less than radix + 'A' - 10. In this case, codePoint - 'A' + 10 is returned.
• The character is one of the lowercase Latin letters 'a' through 'z' and its code is less than radix + 'a' - 10. In this case, codePoint - 'a' + 10 is returned.
• The character is one of the fullwidth uppercase Latin letters A ('\uFF21') through Z ('\uFF3A') and its code is less than radix + '\uFF21' - 10. In this case, codePoint - '\uFF21' + 10 is returned.
• The character is one of the fullwidth lowercase Latin letters a ('\uFF41') through z ('\uFF5A') and its code is less than radix + '\uFF41'- 10. In this case, codePoint - '\uFF41' + 10 is returned.

public static int getNumericValue(char ch)

Returns the int value that the specified Unicode character represents. For example, the character '\u216C' (the roman numeral fifty) will return an int with a value of 50.

The letters A-Z in their uppercase ('\u0041' through '\u005A'), lowercase ('\u0061' through '\u007A'), and full width variant ('\uFF21' through '\uFF3A' and '\uFF41' through '\uFF5A') forms have numeric values from 10 through 35. This is independent of the Unicode specification, which does not assign numeric values to these char values.

If the character does not have a numeric value, then -1 is returned. If the character has a numeric value that cannot be represented as a nonnegative integer (for example, a fractional value), then -2 is returned.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the getNumericValue(int) method.

public static int getNumericValue(int codePoint)

Returns the int value that the specified character (Unicode code point) represents. For example, the character '\u216C' (the Roman numeral fifty) will return an int with a value of 50.

The letters A-Z in their uppercase ('\u0041' through '\u005A'), lowercase ('\u0061' through '\u007A'), and full width variant ('\uFF21' through '\uFF3A' and '\uFF41' through '\uFF5A') forms have numeric values from 10 through 35. This is independent of the Unicode specification, which does not assign numeric values to these char values.

If the character does not have a numeric value, then -1 is returned. If the character has a numeric value that cannot be represented as a nonnegative integer (for example, a fractional value), then -2 is returned.

@Deprecated(since="1.1") public static boolean isSpace(char ch)

Determines if the specified character is ISO-LATIN-1 white space. This method returns true for the following five characters only:

truechars

Character	Code	Name
'\t'	U+0009	HORIZONTAL TABULATION
'\n'	U+000A	NEW LINE
'\f'	U+000C	FORM FEED
'\r'	U+000D	CARRIAGE RETURN
' '	U+0020	SPACE

public static boolean isSpaceChar(char ch)

Determines if the specified character is a Unicode space character. A character is considered to be a space character if and only if it is specified to be a space character by the Unicode Standard. This method returns true if the character's general category type is any of the following:

• SPACE_SEPARATOR
• LINE_SEPARATOR
• PARAGRAPH_SEPARATOR

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isSpaceChar(int) method.

public static boolean isSpaceChar(int codePoint)

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a Unicode space character. A character is considered to be a space character if and only if it is specified to be a space character by the Unicode Standard. This method returns true if the character's general category type is any of the following:

• SPACE_SEPARATOR
• LINE_SEPARATOR
• PARAGRAPH_SEPARATOR

public static boolean isWhitespace(char ch)

Determines if the specified character is white space according to Java. A character is a Java whitespace character if and only if it satisfies one of the following criteria:

• It is a Unicode space character (SPACE_SEPARATOR, LINE_SEPARATOR, or PARAGRAPH_SEPARATOR) but is not also a non-breaking space ('\u00A0', '\u2007', '\u202F').
• It is '\t', U+0009 HORIZONTAL TABULATION.
• It is '\n', U+000A LINE FEED.
• It is '\u000B', U+000B VERTICAL TABULATION.
• It is '\f', U+000C FORM FEED.
• It is '\r', U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN.
• It is '\u001C', U+001C FILE SEPARATOR.
• It is '\u001D', U+001D GROUP SEPARATOR.
• It is '\u001E', U+001E RECORD SEPARATOR.
• It is '\u001F', U+001F UNIT SEPARATOR.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isWhitespace(int) method.

public static boolean isWhitespace(int codePoint)

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is white space according to Java. A character is a Java whitespace character if and only if it satisfies one of the following criteria:

• It is a Unicode space character (SPACE_SEPARATOR, LINE_SEPARATOR, or PARAGRAPH_SEPARATOR) but is not also a non-breaking space ('\u00A0', '\u2007', '\u202F').
• It is '\t', U+0009 HORIZONTAL TABULATION.
• It is '\n', U+000A LINE FEED.
• It is '\u000B', U+000B VERTICAL TABULATION.
• It is '\f', U+000C FORM FEED.
• It is '\r', U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN.
• It is '\u001C', U+001C FILE SEPARATOR.
• It is '\u001D', U+001D GROUP SEPARATOR.
• It is '\u001E', U+001E RECORD SEPARATOR.
• It is '\u001F', U+001F UNIT SEPARATOR.

public static boolean isISOControl(char ch)

Determines if the specified character is an ISO control character. A character is considered to be an ISO control character if its code is in the range '\u0000' through '\u001F' or in the range '\u007F' through '\u009F'.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isISOControl(int) method.

public static boolean isISOControl(int codePoint)

Determines if the referenced character (Unicode code point) is an ISO control character. A character is considered to be an ISO control character if its code is in the range '\u0000' through '\u001F' or in the range '\u007F' through '\u009F'.

public static int getType(char ch)

Returns a value indicating a character's general category.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the getType(int) method.

public static int getType(int codePoint)

Returns a value indicating a character's general category.

public static char forDigit(int digit, int radix)

Determines the character representation for a specific digit in the specified radix. If the value of radix is not a valid radix, or the value of digit is not a valid digit in the specified radix, the null character ('\u0000') is returned.

The radix argument is valid if it is greater than or equal to MIN_RADIX and less than or equal to MAX_RADIX. The digit argument is valid if 0 <= digit < radix.

If the digit is less than 10, then '0' + digit is returned. Otherwise, the value 'a' + digit - 10 is returned.

public static byte getDirectionality(char ch)

Returns the Unicode directionality property for the given character. Character directionality is used to calculate the visual ordering of text. The directionality value of undefined char values is DIRECTIONALITY_UNDEFINED.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the getDirectionality(int) method.

public static byte getDirectionality(int codePoint)

Returns the Unicode directionality property for the given character (Unicode code point). Character directionality is used to calculate the visual ordering of text. The directionality value of undefined character is DIRECTIONALITY_UNDEFINED.

public static boolean isMirrored(char ch)

Determines whether the character is mirrored according to the Unicode specification. Mirrored characters should have their glyphs horizontally mirrored when displayed in text that is right-to-left. For example, '\u0028' LEFT PARENTHESIS is semantically defined to be an opening parenthesis. This will appear as a "(" in text that is left-to-right but as a ")" in text that is right-to-left.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the isMirrored(int) method.

public static boolean isMirrored(int codePoint)

Determines whether the specified character (Unicode code point) is mirrored according to the Unicode specification. Mirrored characters should have their glyphs horizontally mirrored when displayed in text that is right-to-left. For example, '\u0028' LEFT PARENTHESIS is semantically defined to be an opening parenthesis. This will appear as a "(" in text that is left-to-right but as a ")" in text that is right-to-left.

public int compareTo(Character anotherCharacter)

Compares two Character objects numerically.

public static int compare(char x, char y)

Compares two char values numerically. The value returned is identical to what would be returned by:

    Character.valueOf(x).compareTo(Character.valueOf(y))
 

public static char reverseBytes(char ch)

Returns the value obtained by reversing the order of the bytes in the specified char value.

public static String getName(int codePoint)

Returns the name of the specified character codePoint, or null if the code point is unassigned.

If the specified character is not assigned a name by the UnicodeData file (part of the Unicode Character Database maintained by the Unicode Consortium), the returned name is the same as the result of the expression:

Character.UnicodeBlock.of(codePoint).toString().replace('_', ' ') + " " + Integer.toHexString(codePoint).toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT);

For the codePoints in the UnicodeData file, the name returned by this method follows the naming scheme in the "Unicode Name Property" section of the Unicode Standard. For other code points, such as Hangul/Ideographs, The name generation rule above differs from the one defined in the Unicode Standard.

public static int codePointOf(String name)

Returns the code point value of the Unicode character specified by the given character name.

If a character is not assigned a name by the UnicodeData file (part of the Unicode Character Database maintained by the Unicode Consortium), its name is defined as the result of the expression:

Character.UnicodeBlock.of(codePoint).toString().replace('_', ' ') + " " + Integer.toHexString(codePoint).toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT);

The name matching is case insensitive, with any leading and trailing whitespace character removed. For the code points in the UnicodeData file, this method recognizes the name which conforms to the name defined in the "Unicode Name Property" section in the Unicode Standard. For other code points, this method recognizes the name generated with getName(int) method.