static_assert
declaration (since C++11)
Performs compile-time assertion checking.
static_assert( bool-constexpr , message ) | (since C++11) | |
static_assert( bool-constexpr ) | (since C++17) |
bool-constexpr | - |
|
||||
message | - | optional (since C++17) string literal that will appear as compiler error if bool-constexpr is false, except that characters not in the basic character set are not required to appear (until C++23) |
A static_assert
declaration may appear at namespace and block scope (as a block declaration) and inside a class body (as a member declaration).
If bool-constexpr is well-formed and evaluates to true
, or is evaluated in the context of a template definition and the template is uninstantiated, this declaration has no effect. Otherwise a compile-time error is issued, and the text of message, if any, is included in the diagnostic message.
message can be omitted. | (since C++17) |
Built-in conversions are not allowed, except for non-narrowing integral conversions to bool. | (until C++23) |
Since message has to be a string literal, it cannot contain dynamic information or even a constant expression that is not a string literal itself. In particular, it cannot contain the name of the template type argument.
Feature-test macro | Value | Std | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
__cpp_static_assert | 200410L | (C++11) |
static_assert(bool-constexpr , "comment") |
201411L | (C++17) | Single-argument static_assert(bool-constexpr ) |
#include <type_traits> static_assert(03301 == 1729); // since C++17 the message string is optional template<class T> void swap(T& a, T& b) noexcept { static_assert(std::is_copy_constructible_v<T>, "Swap requires copying"); static_assert(std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible_v<T> && std::is_nothrow_copy_assignable_v<T>, "Swap requires nothrow copy/assign"); auto c = b; b = a; a = c; } template<class T> struct data_structure { static_assert(std::is_default_constructible_v<T>, "Data structure requires default-constructible elements"); }; template<class> constexpr bool dependent_false = false; // workaround before CWG2518/P2593R1 template<class T> struct bad_type { static_assert(dependent_false<T>, "error on instantiation, workaround"); static_assert(false, "error on instantiation"); // OK because of CWG2518/P2593R1 }; struct no_copy { no_copy(const no_copy&) = delete; no_copy() = default; }; struct no_default { no_default() = delete; }; int main() { int a, b; swap(a, b); no_copy nc_a, nc_b; swap(nc_a, nc_b); // 1 [[maybe_unused]] data_structure<int> ds_ok; [[maybe_unused]] data_structure<no_default> ds_error; // 2 }
Possible output:
1: error: static assertion failed: Swap requires copying 2: error: static assertion failed: Data structure requires default-constructible elements
The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroactively to previously published C++ standards.
DR | Applied to | Behavior as published | Correct behavior |
---|---|---|---|
CWG 2039 | C++11 | only the expression before conversion is required to be constant | the conversion must also be valid in a constant expression |
CWG 2518 | C++11 | uninstantiated static_assert(false, ""); was error | made well-formed |
shows the given error message and renders the program ill-formed (preprocessing directive) |
|
aborts the program if the user-specified condition is not true . May be disabled for release builds (function macro) |
|
(C++11) | conditionally removes a function overload or template specialization from overload resolution (class template) |
Type traits (C++11) | defines a compile-time template-based interface to query or modify the properties of types |
C documentation for Static assertion |
© cppreference.com
Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike Unported License v3.0.
https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/static_assert