std::has_unique_object_representations

template< class T >
struct has_unique_object_representations;

If T is TriviallyCopyable and if any two objects of type T with the same value have the same object representation, provides the member constant value equal true. For any other type, value is false.

For the purpose of this trait, two arrays have the same value if their elements have the same values, two non-union classes have the same value if their direct subobjects have the same value, and two unions have the same value if they have the same active member and the value of that member is the same.

It is implementation-defined which scalar types satisfy this trait, but unsigned (until C++20) integer types that do not use padding bits are guaranteed to have unique object representations.

The behavior is undefined if T is an incomplete type other than (possibly cv-qualified) void or array of unknown bound.

The behavior of a program that adds specializations for has_unique_object_representations or has_unique_object_representations_v is undefined.

Template parameters

Helper variable template

template< class T >
inline constexpr bool has_unique_object_representations_v =
    has_unique_object_representations<T>::value;

Notes

This trait was introduced to make it possible to determine whether a type can be correctly hashed by hashing its object representation as a byte array.

Example

#include <cstdint>
#include <type_traits>
 
struct bar
{
    std::uint32_t a, b;
};
 
struct foo
{
    std::uint8_t c;
    std::uint16_t st;
    std::uint32_t i;
};
 
int main()
{
    static_assert(std::has_unique_object_representations_v<char>);
    static_assert(std::has_unique_object_representations_v<bar>);
    static_assert(!std::has_unique_object_representations_v<foo>);
 
    // Notable architectural divergence:
    static_assert(std::has_unique_object_representations_v<bool>); // x86
    // static_assert(!std::has_unique_object_representations_v<bool>); // ARM
}

See also