The break-inside
CSS property sets how page, column, or region breaks should behave inside a generated box. If there is no generated box, the property is ignored.
/* Keyword values */ break-inside: auto; break-inside: avoid; break-inside: avoid-page; break-inside: avoid-column; break-inside: avoid-region; /* Global values */ break-inside: inherit; break-inside: initial; break-inside: unset;
Each possible break point (in other words, each element boundary) is affected by three properties: the break-after
value of the previous element, the break-before
value of the next element, and the break-inside
value of the containing element.
To determine if a break must be done, the following rules are applied:
always
, left
, right
, page
, column
, or region
), it has precedence. If more than one of them are such a break, the value of the element that appears the latest in the flow is used. Thus, the break-before
value has precedence over the break-after
value, which in turn has precedence over the break-inside
value.avoid
, avoid-page
, avoid-region
, or avoid-column
), no such break will be applied at that point.Once forced breaks have been applied, soft breaks may be added if needed, but not on element boundaries that resolve in a corresponding avoid
value.
The break-inside
property is specified as one of the keyword values from the list below.
auto
avoid
avoid-page
avoid-column
avoid-region
For compatibility reasons, the legacy page-break-inside
property should be treated by browsers as an alias of break-inside
. This ensures that sites using page-break-inside
continue to work as designed. A subset of values should be aliased as follows:
page-break-inside | break-inside |
---|---|
auto | auto |
avoid | avoid |
Initial value | auto |
---|---|
Applies to | block-level elements |
Inherited | no |
Computed value | as specified |
Animation type | discrete |
auto | avoid | avoid-page | avoid-column | avoid-region
In the following example we have a container that contains an <h1>
spanning all columns (achieved using column-span: all
) and a series of paragraphs laid out in multiple columns using column-width: 200px
. We also have a <figure>
containing an image and a caption.
By default, it is possible for you to get a break between the image and its caption, which is not what we want. To avoid this, we have set break-inside: avoid
on the <figure>
, which causes them to always stay together.
<article> <h1>Main heading</h1> <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nulla vitae fringilla mauris. Quisque commodo eget nisi sed pretium. Mauris luctus nec lacus in ultricies. Mauris vitae hendrerit arcu, ac scelerisque lacus. Aliquam lobortis in lacus sit amet posuere. Fusce iaculis urna id neque dapibus, eu lacinia lectus dictum.</p> <figure> <img src="https://media.prod.mdn.mozit.cloud/attachments/2020/07/29/17350/3b4892b7e820122ac6dd7678891d4507/firefox.png"> <figcaption>The Firefox logo — fox wrapped around the world</figcaption> </figure> <p>Praesent condimentum dui dui, sit amet rutrum diam tincidunt eu. Cras suscipit porta leo sit amet rutrum. Sed vehicula ornare tincidunt. Curabitur a ipsum ac diam mattis volutpat ac ut elit. Nullam luctus justo non vestibulum gravida. Morbi metus libero, pharetra non porttitor a, molestie nec nisi.</p> <p>In finibus viverra enim vel suscipit. Quisque consequat velit eu orci malesuada, ut interdum tortor molestie. Proin sed pellentesque augue. Nam risus justo, faucibus non porta a, congue vel massa. Cras luctus lacus nisl, sed tincidunt velit pharetra ac. Duis suscipit faucibus dui sed ultricies.</p> </article>
html { font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; } body { width: 80%; margin: 0 auto; } h1 { font-size: 3rem; letter-spacing: 2px; column-span: all; } h1 + p { margin-top: 0; } p { line-height: 1.5; break-after: column; } figure { break-inside: avoid; } img { max-width: 70%; display: block; margin: 0 auto; } figcaption { font-style: italic; font-size: 0.8rem; width: 70%; } article { column-width: 200px; gap: 20px; }
Specification | Status | Comment |
---|---|---|
CSS Fragmentation Module Level 3 The definition of 'break-inside' in that specification. | Candidate Recommendation | No change. |
CSS Regions Module Level 1 The definition of 'break-inside' in that specification. | Working Draft | Extends the property to handle region breaks. |
CSS Multi-column Layout Module The definition of 'break-inside' in that specification. | Working Draft | Initial definition. |
Desktop | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Supported in Multi-column Layout | 50 | 12 | 65 | 10 | 37
|
10 |
multicol_context : column and avoid-column
|
50 | 12 | No | 10 | 37 | 10 |
Supported in Paged Media | 50 | 12 | 65 | 10 | 37
|
10 |
paged_context : page and avoid-page
|
51 | 12 | No | No | 38
|
No |
Supported in CSS Regions | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Mobile | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Supported in Multi-column Layout | 50 | 50 | 65 | 37
|
10 | 5.0 |
multicol_context : column and avoid-column
|
50 | 50 | No | 37 | 10 | 5.0 |
Supported in Paged Media | 50 | 50 | 65 | 37
|
10 | 5.0 |
paged_context : page and avoid-page
|
51 | 51 | No | 41
|
No | 5.0 |
Supported in CSS Regions | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Prior to Firefox 65, the older property of page-break-inside
will work in Firefox to prevent breaks in columns, as well as pages. Add both properties for backwards compatibility.
For older WebKit-based browsers, the prefixed property -webkit-column-break-inside
can be used to control column breaks.
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https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/break-inside