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CSS Functionals

CSS functional notation is a type of CSS value that can represent more complex data types or invoke special data processing or calculations.

Syntax

selector {
  property: functional-notation( [argument]? [, argument]! );
}

The syntax starts with the name of the functional notation, followed by a left parenthesis (. Next up are the notation argument(s), and the function is finished off with a closing parenthesis ).

Functions can take multiple arguments, which are formatted similarly to CSS property values. Whitespace is allowed, but they are optional inside the parentheses. In some functional notations multiple arguments are separated by commas, while others use spaces.

Index

Functional notation defined by a set of CSS specifications includes the following:

abs() (math)
acos() (math)
annotation() (font)
asin() (math)
atan() (math)
atan2() (math)
attr

blur() (filter)
brightness() (filter)

device-cmyk() (colors)
drop-shadow() (filter)

grayscale() (filter)

hsl() (colors)
hsla() (colors)
hue-rotate() (filter)
hwb() (colors)
hypot() (math)

matrix() (transform)
matrix3d() (transform)
max() (math)
min() (math)
minmax() (math)
mod() (math)

opacity() (filter)
ornaments() (font)

paint()
path() (shape)
perspective() (transform)
polygon() (shape)
pow() (math)

radial-gradient()
rem() (math)
repeat()
repeating-linear-gradient()
repeating-radial-gradient()
repeating-conic-gradient()
rgb() (colors)
rgba() (colors)
rotate() (transform)
rotate3d() (transform)
rotatex() (transform)
rotatey() (transform)
rotatez() (transform)
round() (math)

saturate() (filter)
scale() (transform)
scale3d() (transform)
scalex() (transform)
scaley() (transform)
scalez() (transform)
sepia() (filter)
sign() (math)
sin() (math)
skew() (transform)
skewx() (transform)
skewy() (transform)
sqrt() (math)
steps()
styleset() (font)
stylistic() (font)
swash() (font)
symbols()

url()

var

Specifications

Specification	Status	Comment
CSS Values and Units Module Level 4	Editor's Draft	Adds `toggle()`, `attr()`, `calc()`, `min()`, `max()`, `clamp()`, `round()`, `mod()`, `rem()`, `mod()`, `sin()`, `cos()`, `tan()`, `asin()`, `acos()`, `atan()`, `atan2()`, `pow()`, `sqrt()`, `hypot()`, `log()`, `exp()`, `abs()` and `sign()` functional notation.
CSS Values and Units Module Level 3	Candidate Recommendation	Adds `calc()` functional notation.
CSS Color Module Level 4	Working Draft	Adds commaless syntaxes for the `rgb()`, `rgba()`, `hsl()`, and `hsla()` functional notation. Allows alpha values in `rgb()` and `hsl()`, turning `rgba()` and `hsla()` into (deprecated) aliases for them. Adds `hwb()`, `device-cmyk()`, and `color()` functions.
CSS Color Module Level 3	Recommendation	Adds `rgba()`, `hsl()`, `hsla()` functional notation.
CSS Images Module Level 4	Working Draft	Adds `element()`, `image()`, `image-set()` and `conic-gradient()` functional notation.

CSS Functionals

Syntax

Index

Specifications

See also