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skew()

Baseline Widely available

This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since ⁨July 2015⁩.

The skew() CSS function defines a transformation that skews an element on the 2D plane. Its result is a <transform-function> data type.

Try it

transform: skew(0);

transform: skew(15deg, 15deg);

transform: skew(-0.06turn, 18deg);

transform: skew(0.312rad);

<section id="default-example">
  <img
    class="transition-all"
    id="example-element"
    src="/shared-assets/images/examples/firefox-logo.svg"
    width="200" />
</section>

This transformation is a shear mapping (transvection) that distorts each point within an element by a certain angle in the horizontal and vertical directions. The effect is as if you grabbed each corner of the element and pulled them along a certain angle.

The coordinates of each point are modified by a value proportionate to the specified angle and the distance to the origin. Thus, the farther from the origin a point is, the greater the value added to it.

Syntax

skew(ax)

skew(ax, ay)

Values

ax: Is an <angle> representing the angle to use to distort the element along the x-axis.
ay Optional: Is an <angle> representing the angle to use to distort the element along the y-axis. If not defined, its default value is 0, resulting in a purely horizontal skewing.

Cartesian coordinates on ℝ^2	Homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ^2	Cartesian coordinates on ℝ^3	Homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ^3
$\left( \begin{array}{cc} 1 & \tan(ax) \\ \tan(ay) & 1 \end{array} \right)$	$\left( \begin{array}{ccc} 1 & \tan(ax) & 0 \\ \tan(ay) & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{array} \right)$	$\left( \begin{array}{ccc} 1 & \tan(ax) & 0 \\ \tan(ay) & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{array} \right)$	$\left( \begin{array}{cccc} 1 & \tan(ax) & 0 & 0 \\ \tan(ay) & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 \end{array} \right)$
	`[1 tan(ay) tan(ax) 1 0 0]`

Formal syntax

<skew()> = 
  skew( [ <angle> | <zero> ] , [ <angle> | <zero> ]? )

Examples

Skewing on the x-axis only

HTML

<div>Normal</div>
<div class="skewed">Skewed</div>

CSS

body {
  margin: 20px;
}

div {
  width: 80px;
  height: 80px;
  background-color: skyblue;
}

.skewed {
  transform: skew(10deg); /* Equal to skewX(10deg) */
  background-color: pink;
}

Result

Skewing on both axes

HTML

<div>Normal</div>
<div class="skewed">Skewed</div>

CSS

body {
  margin: 20px;
}

div {
  width: 80px;
  height: 80px;
  background-color: skyblue;
}

.skewed {
  transform: skew(10deg, 10deg);
  background-color: pink;
}

Result

Specifications

Specification
CSS Transforms Module Level 1> # funcdef-transform-skew>

Browser compatibility

	Desktop					Mobile
	Chrome	Edge	Firefox	Opera	Safari	Chrome Android	Firefox for Android	Opera Android	Safari on IOS	Samsung Internet	WebView Android	WebView on iOS
`skew`	1	12	3.5 Firefox 14 removed experimental support for `skew()`, but it was reintroduced in Firefox 15.	10.5	3.1	18	4	11	3.2	1.0	2	3.2

skew()

Try it

Syntax

Values

Formal syntax

Examples

Skewing on the x-axis only

HTML

CSS

Result

Skewing on both axes

HTML

CSS

Result

Specifications

Browser compatibility

See also