WebGLRenderingContext: texImage2D() method

The texImage2D() method of the WebGLRenderingContext interface of the WebGL API specifies a two-dimensional texture image.

Syntax

// WebGL 1:
texImage2D(target, level, internalformat, width, height, border, format, type, srcData)
texImage2D(target, level, internalformat, format, type, source)

// Additionally available in WebGL 2:
texImage2D(target, level, internalformat, width, height, border, format, type, srcData, srcOffset)
texImage2D(target, level, internalformat, width, height, border, format, type, source)
texImage2D(target, level, internalformat, width, height, border, format, type, offset)

Parameters

target

A GLenum specifying the binding point (target) of the active texture. Possible values:

• gl.TEXTURE_2D: A two-dimensional texture.
• gl.TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_X: Positive X face for a cube-mapped texture.
• gl.TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_NEGATIVE_X: Negative X face for a cube-mapped texture.
• gl.TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_Y: Positive Y face for a cube-mapped texture.
• gl.TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_NEGATIVE_Y: Negative Y face for a cube-mapped texture.
• gl.TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_Z: Positive Z face for a cube-mapped texture.
• gl.TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_NEGATIVE_Z: Negative Z face for a cube-mapped texture.

level

A GLint specifying the level of detail. Level 0 is the base image level and level n is the n-th mipmap reduction level.

internalformat

A GLenum specifying how the texture should be stored after it's loaded. See below for available values.

width

A GLsizei specifying the width of the texture in texels.

height

A GLsizei specifying the height of the texture in texels.

border

A GLint specifying the width of the border. Must be 0.

format

A GLenum specifying how each integer element in the raw texel data should be interpreted as color components. In WebGL 1, this must be the same as internalformat. See below for available values.

type

A GLenum specifying the size of each integer element in the raw texel data.

The internalformat, format, and type values must be compatible with each other. Possible combinations in both WebGL 1 and WebGL 2 (these internal formats are unsized because you can't specify how many bytes each pixel takes internally):

internalformat	format	type	Input bytes per pixel	Input pixel layout (bits per channel)
RGB	RGB	UNSIGNED_BYTE	3	(R, G, B) = (8, 8, 8)
RGB	RGB	UNSIGNED_SHORT_5_6_5	2	(R, G, B) = (5, 6, 5)
RGBA	RGBA	UNSIGNED_BYTE	4	(R, G, B, A) = (8, 8, 8, 8)
RGBA	RGBA	UNSIGNED_SHORT_4_4_4_4	2	(R, G, B, A) = (4, 4, 4, 4)
RGBA	RGBA	UNSIGNED_SHORT_5_5_5_1	2	(R, G, B, A) = (5, 5, 5, 1)
LUMINANCE_ALPHA	LUMINANCE_ALPHA	UNSIGNED_BYTE	2	(L, A) = (8, 8)
LUMINANCE	LUMINANCE	UNSIGNED_BYTE	1	(L) = (8)
ALPHA	ALPHA	UNSIGNED_BYTE	1	(A) = (8)

When the OES_texture_float extension is enabled, type can additionally be FLOAT. When the OES_texture_half_float extension is enabled, type can additionally be ext.HALF_FLOAT_OES (constant provided by the extension).

When the EXT_sRGB extension is enabled, internalformat can additionally be ext.SRGB_EXT or ext.SRGB_ALPHA_EXT.

In WebGL 2, when specifying the source as srcData or offset, the following combinations are additionally available (these internal formats are sized because the internal pixel layout is exactly specified; we omit the input layout here because it works similarly to the one above):

internalformat	format	type	Internal pixel layout	Color renderable	Texture filterable
R8	RED	UNSIGNED_BYTE	(R) = (8)	Y	Y
R8_SNORM	RED	BYTE	(R) = (s8)		Y
R16F	RED	HALF_FLOAT, FLOAT	(R) = (f16)		Y
R32F	RED	FLOAT	(R) = (f32)
R8UI	RED_INTEGER	UNSIGNED_BYTE	(R) = (ui8)	Y
R8I	RED_INTEGER	BYTE	(R) = (i8)	Y
R16UI	RED_INTEGER	UNSIGNED_SHORT	(R) = (ui16)	Y
R16I	RED_INTEGER	SHORT	(R) = (i16)	Y
R32UI	RED_INTEGER	UNSIGNED_INT	(R) = (ui32)	Y
R32I	RED_INTEGER	INT	(R) = (i32)	Y
RG8	RG	UNSIGNED_BYTE	(R, G) = (8, 8)	Y	Y
RG8_SNORM	RG	BYTE	(R, G) = (s8, s8)		Y
RG16F	RG	HALF_FLOAT, FLOAT	(R, G) = (f16, f16)		Y
RG32F	RG	FLOAT	(R, G) = (f32, f32)
RG8UI	RG_INTEGER	UNSIGNED_BYTE	(R, G) = (ui8, ui8)	Y
RG8I	RG_INTEGER	BYTE	(R, G) = (i8, i8)	Y
RG16UI	RG_INTEGER	UNSIGNED_SHORT	(R, G) = (ui16, ui16)	Y
RG16I	RG_INTEGER	SHORT	(R, G) = (i16, i16)	Y
RG32UI	RG_INTEGER	UNSIGNED_INT	(R, G) = (ui32, ui32)	Y
RG32I	RG_INTEGER	INT	(R, G) = (i32, i32)	Y
RGB8	RGB	UNSIGNED_BYTE	(R, G, B) = (8, 8, 8)	Y	Y
SRGB8	RGB	UNSIGNED_BYTE	(R, G, B) = (8, 8, 8)		Y
RGB565	RGB	UNSIGNED_BYTE, UNSIGNED_SHORT_5_6_5	(R, G, B) = (5, 6, 5)	Y	Y
RGB8_SNORM	RGB	BYTE	(R, G, B) = (s8, s8, s8)		Y
R11F_G11F_B10F	RGB	UNSIGNED_INT_10F_11F_11F_REV, HALF_FLOAT, FLOAT	(R, G, B) = (f11, f11, f10)		Y
RGB9_E5	RGB	UNSIGNED_INT_5_9_9_9_REV, HALF_FLOAT, FLOAT	(R, G, B) = (f9, f9, f9), 5 shared bits		Y
RGB16F	RGB	HALF_FLOAT, FLOAT	(R, G, B) = (f16, f16, f16)		Y
RGB32F	RGB	FLOAT	(R, G, B) = (f32, f32, f32)
RGB8UI	RGB_INTEGER	UNSIGNED_BYTE	(R, G, B) = (ui8, ui8, ui8)	Y
RGB8I	RGB_INTEGER	BYTE	(R, G, B) = (i8, i8, i8)	Y
RGB16UI	RGB_INTEGER	UNSIGNED_SHORT	(R, G, B) = (ui16, ui16, ui16)	Y
RGB16I	RGB_INTEGER	SHORT	(R, G, B) = (i16, i16, i16)	Y
RGB32UI	RGB_INTEGER	UNSIGNED_INT	(R, G, B) = (ui32, ui32, ui32)	Y
RGB32I	RGB_INTEGER	INT	(R, G, B) = (i32, i32, i32)	Y
RGBA8	RGBA	UNSIGNED_BYTE	(R, G, B, A) = (8, 8, 8, 8)	Y	Y
SRGB8_ALPHA8	RGBA	UNSIGNED_BYTE	(R, G, B, A) = (8, 8, 8, 8)	Y	Y
RGBA8_SNORM	RGBA	BYTE	(R, G, B, A) = (s8, s8, s8, s8)		Y
RGB5_A1	RGBA	UNSIGNED_BYTE, UNSIGNED_SHORT_5_5_5_1, UNSIGNED_INT_2_10_10_10_REV	(R, G, B, A) = (5, 5, 5, 1)	Y	Y
RGBA4	RGBA	UNSIGNED_BYTE, UNSIGNED_SHORT_4_4_4_4	(R, G, B, A) = (4, 4, 4, 4)	Y	Y
RGB10_A2	RGBA	UNSIGNED_INT_2_10_10_10_REV	(R, G, B, A) = (10, 10, 10, 2)	Y	Y
RGBA16F	RGBA	HALF_FLOAT, FLOAT	(R, G, B, A) = (f16, f16, f16, f16)		Y
RGBA32F	RGBA	FLOAT	(R, G, B, A) = (f32, f32, f32, f32)
RGBA8UI	RGBA_INTEGER	UNSIGNED_BYTE	(R, G, B, A) = (ui8, ui8, ui8, ui8)	Y
RGBA8I	RGBA_INTEGER	BYTE	(R, G, B, A) = (i8, i8, i8, i8)	Y
RGBA10_A2UI	RGBA_INTEGER	UNSIGNED_INT_2_10_10_10_REV	(R, G, B, A) = (ui10, ui10, ui10, ui2)	Y
RGBA16UI	RGBA_INTEGER	UNSIGNED_SHORT	(R, G, B, A) = (ui16, ui16, ui16, ui16)	Y
RGBA16I	RGBA_INTEGER	SHORT	(R, G, B, A) = (i16, i16, i16, i16)	Y
RGBA32UI	RGBA_INTEGER	UNSIGNED_INT	(R, G, B, A) = (ui32, ui32, ui32, ui32)	Y
RGBA32I	RGBA_INTEGER	INT	(R, G, B, A) = (i32, i32, i32, i32)	Y

In WebGL 2, when specifying the source as srcData or offset, the following combinations are additionally available, and they can be enabled in WebGL 1 via the WEBGL_depth_texture extension:

internalformat	format	type	Internal pixel layout
DEPTH_COMPONENT16	DEPTH_COMPONENT	UNSIGNED_SHORT, UNSIGNED_INT	(D) = (16)
DEPTH_COMPONENT24	DEPTH_COMPONENT	UNSIGNED_INT	(D) = (24)
DEPTH_COMPONENT32F	DEPTH_COMPONENT	FLOAT	(D) = (f32)
DEPTH24_STENCIL8	DEPTH_STENCIL	UNSIGNED_INT_24_8 (ext.UNSIGNED_INT_24_8_WEBGL)	(D, S) = (24, 8)
DEPTH32F_STENCIL8	DEPTH_STENCIL	FLOAT_32_UNSIGNED_INT_24_8_REV	(D, S) = (f32, 8)

When the data source is a DOM pixel source, commonly each channel's representation is an unsigned integer type of at least 8 bits. Converting such representation to signed integers or unsigned integers with more bits is not clearly defined. For example, when converting RGBA8 to RGBA16UI, it is unclear whether or not the intention is to scale up values to the full range of a 16-bit unsigned integer. Therefore, only converting to unsigned integer of at most 8 bits, half float, or float is allowed.

The texture source can be provided in one of three ways: from an ArrayBuffer (possibly shared) using srcData and srcOffset; from a DOM pixel source; or, in WebGL 2, from gl.PIXEL_UNPACK_BUFFER using offset.

srcData

A TypedArray or DataView containing the compressed texture data. Its type must match the type parameter:

srcData type	type value
Int8Array	BYTE
Uint8Array, Uint8ClampedArray	UNSIGNED_BYTE
Int16Array	SHORT
Uint16Array	UNSIGNED_SHORT, UNSIGNED_SHORT_5_6_5, UNSIGNED_SHORT_5_5_5_1, UNSIGNED_SHORT_4_4_4_4, HALF_FLOAT
Int32Array	INT
Uint32Array	UNSIGNED_INT, UNSIGNED_INT_5_9_9_9_REV, UNSIGNED_INT_2_10_10_10_REV, UNSIGNED_INT_10F_11F_11F_REV, UNSIGNED_INT_24_8
Float32Array	FLOAT

When type is FLOAT_32_UNSIGNED_INT_24_8_REV, srcData must be null.

srcOffset Optional

(WebGL 2 only) An integer specifying the index of srcData to start reading from. Defaults to 0.

source

Read from a DOM pixel source, which can be one of:

• ImageBitmap
• ImageData
• HTMLImageElement
• HTMLCanvasElement
• HTMLVideoElement
• OffscreenCanvas
• VideoFrame

In WebGL 1, the width and height are always inferred from the source. In WebGL 2, they can also be explicitly specified.

offset

(WebGL 2 only) A GLintptr specifying the starting address in the buffer bound to gl.PIXEL_UNPACK_BUFFER.

Return value

None (undefined).

Examples

gl.texImage2D(gl.TEXTURE_2D, 0, gl.RGBA, gl.RGBA, gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE, image);

Specifications

Browser compatibility

See also

• WebGLRenderingContext.createTexture()
• WebGLRenderingContext.bindTexture()
• WebGLRenderingContext.texSubImage2D()
• WebGLRenderingContext.compressedTexImage2D()
• WebGLRenderingContext.copyTexImage2D()
• WebGLRenderingContext.getTexParameter()
• WEBGL_depth_texture
• OES_texture_float
• OES_texture_half_float
• EXT_texture_norm16
• EXT_sRGB