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Math.floor()

The Math.floor() static method always rounds down and returns the largest integer less than or equal to a given number.

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Syntax

Math.floor(x)

Parameters

x: A number.

Return value

The largest integer smaller than or equal to x. It's the same value as -Math.ceil(-x).

Description

Because floor() is a static method of Math, you always use it as Math.floor(), rather than as a method of a Math object you created (Math is not a constructor).

Examples

Using Math.floor()

Math.floor(-Infinity); // -Infinity
Math.floor(-45.95); // -46
Math.floor(-45.05); // -46
Math.floor(-0); // -0
Math.floor(0); // 0
Math.floor(4); // 4
Math.floor(45.05); // 45
Math.floor(45.95); // 45
Math.floor(Infinity); // Infinity

Decimal adjustment

In this example, we implement a method called decimalAdjust() that is an enhancement method of Math.floor(), Math.ceil(), and Math.round(). While the three Math functions always adjust the input to the units digit, decimalAdjust accepts an exp parameter that specifies the number of digits to the left of the decimal point to which the number should be adjusted. For example, -1 means it would leave one digit after the decimal point (as in "× 10^-1"). In addition, it allows you to select the means of adjustment — round, floor, or ceil — through the type parameter.

It does so by multiplying the number by a power of 10, then rounding the result to the nearest integer, then dividing by the power of 10. To better preserve precision, it takes advantage of Number's toString() method, which represents large or small numbers in scientific notation (like 6.02e23).

/**
 * Adjusts a number to the specified digit.
 *
 * @param {"round" | "floor" | "ceil"} type The type of adjustment.
 * @param {number} value The number.
 * @param {number} exp The exponent (the 10 logarithm of the adjustment base).
 * @returns {number} The adjusted value.
 */
function decimalAdjust(type, value, exp) {
  type = String(type);
  if (!["round", "floor", "ceil"].includes(type)) {
    throw new TypeError(
      "The type of decimal adjustment must be one of 'round', 'floor', or 'ceil'.",
    );
  }
  exp = Number(exp);
  value = Number(value);
  if (exp % 1 !== 0 || Number.isNaN(value)) {
    return NaN;
  } else if (exp === 0) {
    return Math[type](value);
  }
  const [magnitude, exponent = 0] = value.toString().split("e");
  const adjustedValue = Math[type](`${magnitude}e${exponent - exp}`);
  // Shift back
  const [newMagnitude, newExponent = 0] = adjustedValue.toString().split("e");
  return Number(`${newMagnitude}e${+newExponent + exp}`);
}

// Decimal round
const round10 = (value, exp) => decimalAdjust("round", value, exp);
// Decimal floor
const floor10 = (value, exp) => decimalAdjust("floor", value, exp);
// Decimal ceil
const ceil10 = (value, exp) => decimalAdjust("ceil", value, exp);

// Round
round10(55.55, -1); // 55.6
round10(55.549, -1); // 55.5
round10(55, 1); // 60
round10(54.9, 1); // 50
round10(-55.55, -1); // -55.5
round10(-55.551, -1); // -55.6
round10(-55, 1); // -50
round10(-55.1, 1); // -60
// Floor
floor10(55.59, -1); // 55.5
floor10(59, 1); // 50
floor10(-55.51, -1); // -55.6
floor10(-51, 1); // -60
// Ceil
ceil10(55.51, -1); // 55.6
ceil10(51, 1); // 60
ceil10(-55.59, -1); // -55.5
ceil10(-59, 1); // -50

Specifications

Specification
ECMAScript Language Specification # sec-math.floor

Browser compatibility

	Desktop						Mobile						Server
	Chrome	Edge	Firefox	Opera	Safari	Chrome Android	Firefox for Android	Opera Android	Safari on IOS	Samsung Internet	WebView Android	Deno	Node.js
`floor`	1	12	1	3	1	18	4	10.1	1	1.0	4.4	1.0	0.10.0