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get_option( string $option, mixed $default = false )

Retrieves an option value based on an option name.

Description

If the option does not exist or does not have a value, then the return value will be false. This is useful to check whether you need to install an option and is commonly used during installation of plugin options and to test whether upgrading is required.

If the option was serialized then it will be unserialized when it is returned.

Any scalar values will be returned as strings. You may coerce the return type of a given option by registering an ‘option_$option’ filter callback.

Parameters

$option

(string) (Required) Name of the option to retrieve. Expected to not be SQL-escaped.

$default

(mixed) (Optional) Default value to return if the option does not exist.

Default value: false

Return

(mixed) Value set for the option.

More Information

A concise list of commonly-used options is below, but a more complete one can be found at the Option Reference.

  • 'admin_email' – E-mail address of blog administrator.
  • 'blogname' – Weblog title; set in General Options.
  • 'blogdescription' – Tagline for your blog; set in General Options.
  • 'blog_charset' – Character encoding for your blog; set in Reading Options.
  • 'date_format' – Default date format; set in General Options.
  • 'default_category' – Default post category; set in Writing Options.
  • 'home' – The blog’s home web address; set in General Options.
  • 'siteurl' – WordPress web address; set in General Options.
    Warning: This is not the same as get_bloginfo( 'url' ) (which will return the homepage url), but as get_bloginfo( 'wpurl' ).
  • 'template' – The current theme’s name; set in Presentation.
  • 'start_of_week' – Day of week calendar should start on; set in General Options.
  • 'upload_path' – Default upload location; set in Miscellaneous Options.
  • 'users_can_register' – Whether users can register; set in General Options.
  • 'posts_per_page' – Maximum number of posts to show on a page; set in Reading Options.
  • 'posts_per_rss' – Maximum number of most recent posts to show in the syndication feed; set in Reading Options.

There are many more options available, a lot of which depend on what plugins you have installed.

Source

File: wp-includes/option.php

function get_option( $option, $default = false ) {
	global $wpdb;

	$option = trim( $option );
	if ( empty( $option ) ) {
		return false;
	}

	/*
	 * Until a proper _deprecated_option() function can be introduced,
	 * redirect requests to deprecated keys to the new, correct ones.
	 */
	$deprecated_keys = array(
		'blacklist_keys'    => 'disallowed_keys',
		'comment_whitelist' => 'comment_previously_approved',
	);

	if ( ! wp_installing() && isset( $deprecated_keys[ $option ] ) ) {
		_deprecated_argument(
			__FUNCTION__,
			'5.5.0',
			sprintf(
				/* translators: 1: Deprecated option key, 2: New option key. */
				__( 'The "%1$s" option key has been renamed to "%2$s".' ),
				$option,
				$deprecated_keys[ $option ]
			)
		);
		return get_option( $deprecated_keys[ $option ], $default );
	}

	/**
	 * Filters the value of an existing option before it is retrieved.
	 *
	 * The dynamic portion of the hook name, `$option`, refers to the option name.
	 *
	 * Returning a truthy value from the filter will effectively short-circuit retrieval
	 * and return the passed value instead.
	 *
	 * @since 1.5.0
	 * @since 4.4.0 The `$option` parameter was added.
	 * @since 4.9.0 The `$default` parameter was added.
	 *
	 * @param mixed  $pre_option The value to return instead of the option value. This differs
	 *                           from `$default`, which is used as the fallback value in the event
	 *                           the option doesn't exist elsewhere in get_option().
	 *                           Default false (to skip past the short-circuit).
	 * @param string $option     Option name.
	 * @param mixed  $default    The fallback value to return if the option does not exist.
	 *                           Default false.
	 */
	$pre = apply_filters( "pre_option_{$option}", false, $option, $default );

	if ( false !== $pre ) {
		return $pre;
	}

	if ( defined( 'WP_SETUP_CONFIG' ) ) {
		return false;
	}

	// Distinguish between `false` as a default, and not passing one.
	$passed_default = func_num_args() > 1;

	if ( ! wp_installing() ) {
		// Prevent non-existent options from triggering multiple queries.
		$notoptions = wp_cache_get( 'notoptions', 'options' );

		if ( isset( $notoptions[ $option ] ) ) {
			/**
			 * Filters the default value for an option.
			 *
			 * The dynamic portion of the hook name, `$option`, refers to the option name.
			 *
			 * @since 3.4.0
			 * @since 4.4.0 The `$option` parameter was added.
			 * @since 4.7.0 The `$passed_default` parameter was added to distinguish between a `false` value and the default parameter value.
			 *
			 * @param mixed  $default The default value to return if the option does not exist
			 *                        in the database.
			 * @param string $option  Option name.
			 * @param bool   $passed_default Was `get_option()` passed a default value?
			 */
			return apply_filters( "default_option_{$option}", $default, $option, $passed_default );
		}

		$alloptions = wp_load_alloptions();

		if ( isset( $alloptions[ $option ] ) ) {
			$value = $alloptions[ $option ];
		} else {
			$value = wp_cache_get( $option, 'options' );

			if ( false === $value ) {
				$row = $wpdb->get_row( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT option_value FROM $wpdb->options WHERE option_name = %s LIMIT 1", $option ) );

				// Has to be get_row() instead of get_var() because of funkiness with 0, false, null values.
				if ( is_object( $row ) ) {
					$value = $row->option_value;
					wp_cache_add( $option, $value, 'options' );
				} else { // Option does not exist, so we must cache its non-existence.
					if ( ! is_array( $notoptions ) ) {
						$notoptions = array();
					}

					$notoptions[ $option ] = true;
					wp_cache_set( 'notoptions', $notoptions, 'options' );

					/** This filter is documented in wp-includes/option.php */
					return apply_filters( "default_option_{$option}", $default, $option, $passed_default );
				}
			}
		}
	} else {
		$suppress = $wpdb->suppress_errors();
		$row      = $wpdb->get_row( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT option_value FROM $wpdb->options WHERE option_name = %s LIMIT 1", $option ) );
		$wpdb->suppress_errors( $suppress );

		if ( is_object( $row ) ) {
			$value = $row->option_value;
		} else {
			/** This filter is documented in wp-includes/option.php */
			return apply_filters( "default_option_{$option}", $default, $option, $passed_default );
		}
	}

	// If home is not set, use siteurl.
	if ( 'home' === $option && '' === $value ) {
		return get_option( 'siteurl' );
	}

	if ( in_array( $option, array( 'siteurl', 'home', 'category_base', 'tag_base' ), true ) ) {
		$value = untrailingslashit( $value );
	}

	/**
	 * Filters the value of an existing option.
	 *
	 * The dynamic portion of the hook name, `$option`, refers to the option name.
	 *
	 * @since 1.5.0 As 'option_' . $setting
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @since 4.4.0 The `$option` parameter was added.
	 *
	 * @param mixed  $value  Value of the option. If stored serialized, it will be
	 *                       unserialized prior to being returned.
	 * @param string $option Option name.
	 */
	return apply_filters( "option_{$option}", maybe_unserialize( $value ), $option );
}

Changelog

Version Description
1.5.0 Introduced.

© 2003–2019 WordPress Foundation
Licensed under the GNU GPLv2+ License.
https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/get_option